Editing Metronome (section)

===Percussion instrument===
Perhaps the most famous, and most direct, use of the metronome as an unconventional musical instrument is [[György Ligeti]]'s composition, ''[[Poème Symphonique for 100 metronomes]]'' (1962). Two years earlier, [[Toshi Ichiyanagi]] had written ''[[Music for Electric Metronomes]]'' (1960). [[Maurice Ravel]] used three metronomes at different speeds for the opening of his opera about a clockmaker, ''[[L'heure espagnole]]'' (1911).<ref>Roy, Sanjoy (2012-08-17). [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/aug/17/ravels-parents-at-heart-of-his-operas "Getting to the heart of Ravel's opera double bill"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909185545/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/aug/17/ravels-parents-at-heart-of-his-operas |date=2017-09-09 }}, ''[[The Guardian]]''.</ref>

The clicking sounds of mechanical metronomes have sometimes been used to provide a soft [[rhythm]] track without using any of the usual [[percussion instrument]]s. [[Paul McCartney]] did this on "Distractions" (''[[Flowers in the Dirt]]'', 1989). Following the metronome, McCartney performed a rhythm track by hitting various parts of his body.<ref>''Flowers in the Dirt'' (1993) Reissue CD booklet; credited as "Metronome and body percussion".</ref> Also, in [[Ennio Morricone]]'s theme "Farewell to Cheyenne" (featured in the film ''[[Once Upon a Time in the West (soundtrack)|Once Upon a Time in the West]]'', 1968), the steady clip-clop beat is provided by the deliberately distorted and slowed-down sound of a mechanical metronome.<ref>''Once Upon a Time in the West'' (1995) Remastered and Expanded Edition. CD booklet liner notes.</ref>

Five metronomes begin [[Philip Miller (composer)|Philip Miller]]'s musical score to [[William Kentridge]]'s video installation "The Refusal of Time" (2012).<ref>Baker, Kenneth (2013-11-06). [http://www.sfgate.com/art/article/In-out-of-sync-with-William-Kentridge-s-Time-4961744.php "In, out of sync with William Kentridge's 'Time' "] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213164156/http://www.sfgate.com/art/article/In-out-of-sync-with-William-Kentridge-s-Time-4961744.php |date=2013-12-13 }}, ''SFGate.com''. Retrieved 2013-12-08.</ref>