Editing Materials science (section)

===Processing===
Synthesis and processing involves the creation of a material with the desired micro-nanostructure. A material cannot be used in industry if no economically viable production method for it has been developed. Therefore, developing processing methods for materials that are reasonably effective and cost-efficient is vital to the field of materials science. Different materials require different processing or synthesis methods. For example, the processing of metals has historically defined eras such as the [[Bronze Age]] and [[Iron Age]] and is studied under the branch of materials science named ''physical [[metallurgy]]''. Chemical and physical methods are also used to synthesize other materials such as [[polymer]]s, [[ceramic]]s, [[semiconductor]]s, and [[thin film]]s. As of the early 21st century, new methods are being developed to synthesize nanomaterials such as [[graphene]].<ref name="z969">{{cite journal | last1=Mbayachi | first1=Vestince B. | last2=Ndayiragije | first2=Euphrem | last3=Sammani | first3=Thirasara | last4=Taj | first4=Sunaina | last5=Mbuta | first5=Elice R. | last6=khan | first6=Atta ullah | title=Graphene synthesis, characterization and its applications: A review | journal=Results in Chemistry | volume=3 | date=2021 | doi=10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100163 | doi-access=free | page=100163}}</ref>