Editing Mass of Paul VI (section)

===Three new Eucharistic Prayers===
As noted above, three new Eucharistic Prayers were introduced as alternatives to the [[Canon of the Mass|Roman Canon]] (known as "Eucharistic Prayer I" within the missal), which had for 1,600 years been the only Eucharistic Prayer of the Roman Rite.<ref name="ad"/> After {{lang|la|Sacrosanctum concilium}}, between the years 1963 and 1968 there were private initiatives by liberal reformers to either revise the Roman Canon, or to create new Eucharistic Prayers. [[Hans Küng]] and [[:de:Karl Amon (Theologe)|Karl Amon]] both published articles demanding this.<ref name="ad">{{cite news|url=https://adoremus.org/1996/09/from-one-eucharistic-prayer-to-many-how-it-happened-and-why/|publisher=Adoremus|title=From One Eucharistic Prayer to Many: How it Happened and Why|date=15 September 1996}}</ref> In addition, the [[Bishops' Conference of the Netherlands]] under [[Johannes Bluyssen]], around 1965–1966, did not wait for the Canon to be permitted in the vernacular and started experimenting with their own translations and adding new "Eucharistic Prayers", then asking for permission from Rome to do so after the fact, causing political pressure.<ref name="ad"/> Benedictine member of the {{lang|la|Consilium}} [[:fr:Cipriano Vagaggini|Cipriano Vagaggini]], while noting what he called the Roman Canon's "undeniable defects", concluded that its suppression was unthinkable; he proposed that it be retained but that two further Eucharistic Prayers be added. The ''[[General Instruction of the Roman Missal]]'' of 1969 states that the "Eucharistic Prayer I" (the Roman Canon) may always be used, including on Sundays, but it rarely is in local diocesan parishes since 1969–1970.<ref name="ep">{{cite news|date=14 June 2018|title=Eucharistic Prayer II|publisher=Cantica Nova Publications|url=http://www.canticanova.com/articles/liturgy/art9eg1.htm}}</ref>

In response to requests from various quarters, Pope Paul VI authorized the composition of new Eucharistic Prayers, which were examined by himself and by the [[Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith]], and which he authorized for use in 1968.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bD-674rdKjgC&pg=PA34 |title=Barry Hudock, ''The Eucharistic Prayer: A User's Guide'' (Liturgical Press 2010 ISBN 978-0-8146-3287-1), p. 34 |date=15 October 2010 |isbn=9780814639351 |access-date=15 October 2012|last1=Hudock |first1=Barry |publisher=Liturgical Press }}</ref>

The original Bugnini draft, drawing from the skeleton which is typically thought to be the lost [[Apostolic Tradition]] of [[Hippolytus of Rome|Hyppolitus]] but is also considered to be of later, non-Roman origin, would have excluded even the {{lang|la|[[Sanctus]]}} and the intercessions. The ''General Instruction of the Roman Missal'' of 1969 states that Eucharistic Prayer II is "useful on weekdays."

The Third Eucharistic Prayer's structure follows the [[Roman Canon]]. It is based on the 4th-century [[Liturgy of Saint Basil|Anaphora of St Basil]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas A. McMahon|title=The Mass explained|url=https://archive.org/details/massexplained0000mcma|url-access=registration|year=1978|publisher=Carillon Books|isbn=978-0-89310-042-1}}</ref> Both the Third and Fourth Eucharistic Prayers were created by Cipriano Vagaggini of the [[Pontifical Athenaeum of Saint Anselm]] at Rome in 1966.<ref name="ad"/>