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===Genres=== From ancient texts to medieval maps, anything written down for study would have been done with manuscripts. Some of the most common genres were bibles, religious commentaries, philosophy, law and government texts. ====Biblical==== {{Main|Biblical manuscript}} "[[The Bible]] was the most studied book of the Middle Ages".<ref name="beryl">Beryl Smalley, The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages. 3rd ed. (Oxford, 1983), xxvii</ref> The Bible was the center of medieval religious life. Along with the Bible came scores of commentaries. Commentaries were written in volumes, with some focusing on just single pages of scripture. Across Europe, there were universities that prided themselves on their biblical knowledge. Along with universities, certain cities also had their own celebrities of biblical knowledge during the medieval period. ====Book of hours==== [[File:Pentecost 01.jpg|thumb|The [[Pentecost]], from an illuminated Catholic [[liturgical]] manuscript, {{Circa|1310β1320}}]] A [[book of hours]] is a type of devotional text which was widely popular during the Middle Ages. They are the most common type of surviving medieval [[illuminated manuscripts]]. Each book of hours contain a similar collection of texts, [[Christian prayer|prayers]], and [[Psalms (Christian)|psalms]] but decoration can vary between each and each example. Many have minimal illumination, often restricted to ornamented [[initials]], but books of hours made for wealthier patrons can be extremely extravagant with full-page [[miniature (illuminated manuscript)|miniatures]]. These books were used for owners to recite prayers privately eight different times, or hours, of the day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lesenluminures.com/learn/34/|title=Learn: Basic Tutorial|website=Les Enluminures|access-date=28 May 2019|archive-date=28 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528174555/https://www.lesenluminures.com/learn/34/|url-status=live}}</ref> ====Liturgical books and calendars==== {{main|Liturgical book|Liturgical calendar}} Along with Bibles, large numbers of manuscripts made in the Middle Ages were received in Church{{Clarify|reason=received? revived? reviewed?|date=August 2016}}. Due to the complex church system of rituals and worship these books were the most elegantly written and finely decorated of all medieval manuscripts. Liturgical books usually came in two varieties. Those used during mass and those for divine office.<ref name="Intro" /> Most liturgical books came with a calendar in the front. This served as a quick reference point for important dates in Jesus' life and to tell church officials which saints were to be honored and on what day.
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