Editing Lundy (section)

===20th and 21st centuries===
William Heaven was succeeded by his son the Reverend Hudson Grosset Heaven who, thanks to a legacy from Sarah Langworthy (née Heaven), was able to fulfill his life's ambition of building a stone church on the island. St Helen's was completed in 1896, and stands today as a lasting memorial to the Heaven period. It has been designated by [[English Heritage]] a Grade II [[listed building]].<ref>{{NHLE |num=1104955 |desc=Church of St Helen |access-date=5 September 2007}}</ref> He is said to have been able to afford either a church or a new harbour. His choice of the church was not however in the best financial interests of the island. The unavailability of the money for re-establishing the family's financial soundness, coupled with disastrous investment and speculation in the early 20th century, caused severe financial hardship.<ref>{{cite news |last=Heaven |first=Will |title=Lundy: My family and the Kingdom of Heaven |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=5 November 2011 |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/mother-tongue/familyhistory/8866830/Lundy-My-family-and-the-Kingdom-of-Heaven.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=7 July 2016 |archive-url= https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/mother-tongue/familyhistory/8866830/Lundy-My-family-and-the-Kingdom-of-Heaven.html |archive-date=12 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

[[File:1puffin1929.JPG|thumb|One Puffin coin of 1929, bearing the portrait of Martin Coles Harman]]
Hudson Heaven died in 1916, and was succeeded by his nephew, Walter Charles Hudson Heaven.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.fotw.info/Flags/gb-en-lu.html |title=Lundy Island |access-date=6 September 2007 |work=Flags of the World |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050124161206/https://www.fotw.info/Flags/gb-en-lu.html |archive-date=24 January 2005}}</ref> With the outbreak of the [[First World War]], matters deteriorated seriously, and in 1918 the family sold Lundy to Augustus Langham Christie. In 1924, the Christie family sold the island along with the mail contract and the [[Merchant vessel|MV]] ''Lerina'' to [[Martin Coles Harman]]. Harman issued two coins of Half Puffin and One Puffin denominations in 1929, nominally equivalent to the British halfpenny and penny, resulting in his prosecution under the [[United Kingdom]]'s [[Coinage Act 1870|Coinage Act of 1870]]. His case was heard by Devon [[Magistrates' court (England and Wales)|magistrates]] in April 1930, and he was fined £5 and ordered to pay £15 15 shillings (£15.75 in [[Decimal day|decimal currency]]) [[Costs in English law|costs]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Lundy Island Coinage |work=[[The Times]] |date=17 April 1930 |page=16}}</ref> He appealed to the [[King's Bench Division]] of the [[High Court of Justice]] in 1931, but the appeal was dismissed.<ref>{{cite news |title=High Court of Justice |work=[[The Times]] |date=14 January 1931 |page=5}}</ref> The coins were withdrawn and became collectors' items. In 1965, a "fantasy" restrike four-coin set, a few in gold, was issued to commemorate 40 years since Harman purchased the island.<ref name="Bruce">{{Cite book |last=Bruce |first=Colin R. |title=Unusual World Coins |edition=2nd |date=1988 |publisher=KP Books |isbn=978-0-87341-116-5}}</ref> Harman's son, [[John Pennington Harman]] was awarded a posthumous [[Victoria Cross]] during the [[Battle of Kohima]], [[India]] in 1944. There is a memorial to him at the VC Quarry on Lundy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MNA100302 {{!}} National Trust Heritage Records |url= https://heritagerecords.nationaltrust.org.uk/HBSMR/MonRecord.aspx?uid=MNA100302 |access-date=1 February 2024 |website=heritagerecords.nationaltrust.org.uk}}</ref> Martin Coles Harman died in 1954.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 December 1954 |title='King of Lundy Island' Is Dead at 69 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1954/12/07/archives/king-of-lundy-island-is-dead-at-69-m-c-harman-bought-vestpocket.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220610180933/https://www.nytimes.com/1954/12/07/archives/king-of-lundy-island-is-dead-at-69-m-c-harman-bought-vestpocket.html |archive-date=10 June 2022 |access-date=1 February 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Residents did not pay taxes to the United Kingdom and had to pass through customs when they travelled to and from Lundy Island.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fogle |first=Ben |title=Offshore: In Search of an Island of My Own |date=2007 |publisher=Penguin UK |isbn=9780141930435 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=BNNwCPfPFrAC&q=Lundy+travel+customs+tax&pg=PT67}}</ref> Although the island was ruled as a virtual [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fiefdom]], its owner never claimed to be independent of the United Kingdom, in contrast to later territorial "[[micronation]]s".<!-- Debateable. Harman claimed that Lundy was "a self-governing dominion of the [[British Empire]] recognising King George as its head" (quote from the coinage court case).-->

Following the death of Harman's son Albion in 1968,<ref>"Island owner dies after air lift" (source unknown). 24 June 1968</ref> Lundy was put up for sale in 1969. [[Jack Hayward]], a British millionaire, purchased the island for £150,000 (£{{Inflation|UK|150000|1969|r=-3|fmt=c}} today) and gave it to the [[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty|National Trust]],<ref name="Bruce" /> who leased it to the [[Landmark Trust]]. The Landmark Trust has managed the island since then, deriving its income from arranging day trips, letting out holiday cottages and from donations. In May 2015 a sculpture by [[Antony Gormley]] was erected on Lundy. It is one of five life-sized sculptures, ''Land'', placed near the centre and at four compass points of the UK in a commission by the Landmark Trust, to celebrate its 50th anniversary. The others are at [[Lowsonford]] ([[Warwickshire]]), [[Saddell Bay]] ([[Scotland]]), [[Aldeburgh#Martello Tower|the Martello Tower]] ([[Aldeburgh]], [[Suffolk]]), and [[Clavell Tower]] ([[Kimmeridge Bay]], [[Dorset]]).<ref name="landmark">{{cite web |url= http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/news-and-events/50th-anniversary/land/ |title=Land – An art installation for all to mark Landmark's 50th year |work=Landmark Trust |access-date=8 July 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150702142330/http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/news-and-events/50th-anniversary/land |archive-date=2 July 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="bbcland">{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-32702277 |title=Sir Antony Gormley sculptures placed at five UK beauty spots |work=BBC |date=12 May 2015 |access-date=8 July 2015}}</ref>

The island is visited by over 20,000 day trippers a year, but during September 2007 had to be closed for several weeks owing to an outbreak of [[norovirus]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=de Bruxelles |first=Simon |title=Island closes down after stomach bug |url= http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article2500379.ece |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090516053533/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article2500379.ece |url-status= dead |archive-date= 16 May 2009 |work=Times Online |date=21 September 2007 |access-date=29 September 2007 |location=London}}</ref>

An inaugural Lundy Island half-marathon took place on 8 July 2018 with 267 competitors.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.puretrail.uk/lundy/ |title=The Lundy Island Race – Sunday 8th July 2018 |publisher=Pure Trail Running  |access-date=12 July 2018}}</ref>