Editing Louis de Broglie (section)

=== Duality of the laws of nature ===
Far from claiming to make "the contradiction disappear" which [[Max Born]] thought could be achieved with a statistical approach, de Broglie extended wave–particle duality to all particles (and to crystals which revealed the effects of diffraction) and extended the principle of duality to the [[Natural law|laws of nature.]]

His last work made a single system of laws from the two large systems of thermodynamics and of mechanics:{{cn|date=December 2023}}
{{blockquote|When [[Boltzmann]] and his continuators developed their statistical interpretation of Thermodynamics, one could have considered Thermodynamics to be a complicated branch of Dynamics. But, with my actual ideas, it's Dynamics that appear to be a simplified branch of Thermodynamics. I think that, of all the ideas that I've introduced in quantum theory in these past years, it's that idea that is, by far, the most important and the most profound.}}
That idea seems to match the continuous–discontinuous duality, since its dynamics could be the limit of its thermodynamics when transitions to continuous limits are postulated. It is also close to that of [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], who posited the necessity of "architectonic principles" to complete the system of mechanical laws.{{cn|date=December 2023}}

However, according to him, there is less duality, in the sense of opposition, than synthesis (one is the limit of the other){{cn|date=December 2023}} and the effort of synthesis is constant according to him, like in his first formula, in which the first member pertains to mechanics and the second to optics:
: <math> m c^2 = h \nu </math>