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===Set theory=== {{Main article|Set theory|Axiomatic set theory}} Logical connectives are used to define the fundamental operations of [[set theory]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pinter |first=Charles C. |title=A book of set theory |date=2014 |publisher=Dover Publications, Inc |isbn=978-0-486-49708-2 |location=Mineola, New York |pages=26β29}}</ref> as follows: {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:left;" |+Set theory operations and connectives |- ! Set operation ! Connective ! Definition |- | [[Intersection (set theory)|Intersection]] | [[Logical conjunction|Conjunction]] | <math>A \cap B = \{x : x \in A \land x \in B \}</math><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Set operations |url=https://www.siue.edu/~jloreau/courses/math-223/notes/sec-set-operations.html |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=www.siue.edu}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=1.5 Logic and Sets |url=https://www.whitman.edu/mathematics/higher_math_online/section01.05.html |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=www.whitman.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Theory Set |url=https://mirror.clarkson.edu/isabelle/dist/library/HOL/HOL/Set.html |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=mirror.clarkson.edu}}</ref> |- | [[Union (set theory)|Union]] | [[Logical disjunction|Disjunction]] | <math>A \cup B = \{x : x \in A \lor x \in B \}</math><ref>{{Cite web |title=Set Inclusion and Relations |url=https://autry.sites.grinnell.edu/csc208/readings/set-inclusion.html |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=autry.sites.grinnell.edu}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |- | [[Complement (set theory)|Complement]] | [[Negation]] | <math>\overline{A} = \{x : x \notin A \}</math><ref>{{Cite web |title=Complement and Set Difference |url=https://web.mnstate.edu/peil/MDEV102/U1/S6/Complement3.htm |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=web.mnstate.edu}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=A. |title=Set Operations and Subsets β Foundations of Mathematics |url=https://ma225.wordpress.ncsu.edu/set-operations-and-subsets/ |access-date=2024-06-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | [[Subset]] | [[Material conditional|Implication]] | <math>A \subseteq B \leftrightarrow (x \in A \rightarrow x \in B)</math><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Basic concepts |url=https://www.siue.edu/~jloreau/courses/math-223/notes/sec-set-basics.html |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=www.siue.edu}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=A. |title=Set Operations and Subsets β Foundations of Mathematics |url=https://ma225.wordpress.ncsu.edu/set-operations-and-subsets/ |access-date=2024-06-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | [[Equality (mathematics)|Equality]] | [[Logical biconditional|Biconditional]] | <math>A = B \leftrightarrow (\forall X)[A \in X \leftrightarrow B \in X]</math><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=A. |title=Set Operations and Subsets β Foundations of Mathematics |url=https://ma225.wordpress.ncsu.edu/set-operations-and-subsets/ |access-date=2024-06-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> |} This definition of set equality is equivalent to the [[axiom of extensionality]].
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