Editing List of French monarchs (section)

=== House of Valois (1328–1589) ===
{{main|House of Valois}}

The death of [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV]] started the [[Hundred Years' War]] between the [[House of Valois]] and the [[House of Plantagenet]], whose claim was taken up by the cadet branch known as the [[House of Lancaster]], over control of the French throne. The Valois claimed the right to the succession by male-only [[primogeniture]] through the ancient [[Salic Law]], having the closest all-male line of descent from a recent French king. They were descended from the third son of [[Philip III of France|Philip III]], Charles, Count of Valois. The Plantagenets based [[English claims to the French throne|their claim]] on being closer to a more recent French king, [[Edward III of England]] being a grandson of [[Philip IV of France|Philip IV]] through his mother, [[Isabella of France|Isabella]]. 

The two houses fought the [[Hundred Years War]] to enforce their claims. The Valois were ultimately successful, and French historiography counts their leaders as rightful kings. One Plantagenet, [[Henry VI of England]], enjoyed ''[[de jure]]'' control of the French throne following the [[Treaty of Troyes]], which formed the basis for continued English claims to the throne of France until 1801. The Valois line ruled France until the line became extinct in 1589, in the backdrop of the [[French Wars of Religion]]. As Navarre did not have a tradition of male-only primogeniture, the Navarrese monarchy became distinct from the French with [[Joan II of Navarre|Joan II]], a daughter of Louis X.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
! width="5%" |Portrait
! width="15%" |Name
! width="5%" |Arms
! width="24%" |Reign
! width="18%" |Succession
! width="25%" |Life details
|-
|[[File:Phil6france.jpg|110px]]
|[[Philip VI of France|'''Philip VI''' "the Fortunate"]]<br/><small>''Philippe''</small>
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Arms of the Kingdom of France (Ancien).svg|75px]]
|1 April 1328{{Efn-lr|Philip VI was crowned on 29 May 1328.}} – 22 August 1350<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1328|4|1|1350|8|22}})</small>
|Son of [[Charles, Count of Valois]], grandson of [[Philip III of France|Philip III]] and cousin of [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV]]
|1293 – 22 August 1350<br /><small>(aged 57)</small><hr />His reign was dominated by the consequences of [[Succession to the French throne#The succession in 1328|a succession dispute]], which led to the [[Hundred Years' War]].{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1pp=91–96|2a1=Humphreys|2p=19|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-VI Philip VI]}}
|-
|[[File:JeanIIdFrance.jpg|110px]]
|[[John II of France|'''John II''' "the Good"]] <br/><small>''Jean''</small>
|22 August 1350{{Efn-lr|John II was crowned on 26 September 1350.}} – 8 April 1364<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1350|8|22|1364|4|8}})</small>
|Son of Philip VI
|April 1319{{Efn|Sources give his birth date as 6, 16, 20 or 26 April.}} – 8 April 1364<br /><small>(aged 45)</small><hr />Captured by the English at the [[Battle of Poitiers]] (1356); forced to sign a series of humiliating treaties{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|2a1=Humphreys|2p=19|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-II-king-of-France John II]|1p=96}}
|-
|[[File:Charles V France.jpg|110px]]
|[[Charles V of France|'''Charles V''' "the Wise"]]
|[[File:Arms of Charles V of France (counter-seal).svg|80px]]
|8 April 1364{{Efn-lr|Charles V was crowned on 19 May 1364.}}– 16 September 1380<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1364|4|8|1380|9|16}})</small>
|Son of John II; named [[Dauphin of France|Dauphin]] on 16 July 1349
|21 January 1337 – 16 September 1380<br /><small>(aged 43)</small><hr />His reign was marked with internal struggle against feudal lords{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=105|2a1=Humphreys|2p=20|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-I-king-of-France Henry I]}}
|-
|[[File:Charles VI de France - Dialogues de Pierre Salmon - Bib de Genève MsFr165f4.jpg|110px]]
|[[Charles VI of France|'''Charles VI''' "the Mad" "the Beloved"]]
|[[File:Arms of Charles VI of France (counter-seal).svg|80px]]
|16 Sept 1380{{Efn-lr|Charles VI was crowned on 4 November 1380.}}– 21 October 1422<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1380|9|16|1422|10|21}})</small>
|Son of Charles V
|3 December 1368 – 21 October 1422<br /><small>(aged 53)</small><hr />Ruled under the regency of his uncles until 1388. Suffered a long period of mental illness before dying of natural causes{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=112|2a1=Humphreys|2p=21|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-VI-king-of-France Charles VI]}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FBDDBD" |[[File:Henry VI of England, Shrewsbury book.jpg|110px]]
| bgcolor="#FBDDBD" |''[[Henry VI of England|Henry (II)]]''<br/><small>(claimant)</small>
| bgcolor="#FBDDBD" |[[File:Royal Arms of England (1470-1471).svg|80px]]
| bgcolor="#FBDDBD" |21 October 1422{{Efn-lr|Henry (II) was crowned on 16 December 1431, at [[Notre-Dame de Paris]].}}–<br/>19 October 1453{{Efn|This is the date in which the last English holdout was expelled by the French, with the exception of [[Pale of Calais|Calais]].}}<br/><small>(disputed; 31 years)</small>
| bgcolor="#FBDDBD" |Maternal grandson of Charles VI, recognized as heir after the [[Treaty of Troyes]] of 21 May 1420
| bgcolor="#FBDDBD" |6 December 1421 – 21 May 1471<br /><small>(aged 49)</small><hr />[[List of English monarchs|King of England]] since 1 September 1422. Ruled under [[Regency government, 1422–1437|several regencies]] until 1437{{Sfnm|1a1=Curry|1y=1993|1pp=102–122|2a1=Bradford|2y=2004|2pp=621–625|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-VI-king-of-England Henry VI]}}
|-
|[[File:Charles VII by Jean Fouquet 1445 1450.jpg|110px]]
|[[Charles VII of France|'''Charles VII''' "the Victorious" "the Well-Served"]]
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Charles VII of France (counterseal).svg|80px]]
|21 October 1422{{Efn-lr|Charles VII was crowned on 17 July 1429.}} – 22 July 1461<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1422|10|21|1461|7|22}})</small>
|Son of Charles VI and uncle of Henry VI of England, named [[Dauphin of France|Dauphin]] in April 1417
|22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461<br /><small>(aged 58)</small><hr />His reign saw the end of the Hundred Years' War{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=123|2a1=Humphreys|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-I-king-of-France Frances I]|2p=23}}
|-
|[[File:Louis XI (1423-1483).jpg|110px]]
|[[Louis XI|'''Louis XI''' "the Prudent" "the Universal Spider"]]
|[[File:Royal Coat of Arms of Valois France.svg|80px]]
|22 July 1461{{Efn-lr|Louis XI was crowned on 15 August 1461.}} – 30 August 1483<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1461|7|22|1483|8|30}})</small>
|Son of Charles VII
|3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483<br /><small>(aged 60)</small><hr />His reign saw the strengthening and expansion of royal power. Nicknamed "the Universal Spider" for the numerous intrigues during his rule{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=136|2a1=Humphreys|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-XI Louis XI]|2p=25}}
|-
|[[File:Portrait of King Charles VIII of France (1470–1498), by anonymous artist, 16th century (cropped) 2.jpg|110px]]
|[[Charles VIII of France|'''Charles VIII''' "the Affable"]]
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Charles VIII of France.svg|80px]]
|30 August 1483{{Efn-lr|Charles VIII was crowned on 30 May 1484.}} – 7 April 1498<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1483|8|30|1498|4|7}})</small>
|Son of Louis XI
|30 June 1470 – 7 April 1498<br /><small>(aged 27)</small><hr />Ruled under the regency of his sister [[Anne of France|Anne]] until 1491. Started the long and unsuccessful [[Italian Wars]]. Died after hitting his head on a [[lintel]]{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=143|2a1=Humphreys|2p=27|3a1=Knecht|3y=2007|3p=125|4a1=''EB''|4loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-VII Charles VII]}}
|}

==== House of Valois-Orléans (1498–1515) ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
! width="5%" |Portrait
! width="15%" |Name
! width="5%" |Arms
! width="24%" |Reign
! width="18%" |Succession
! width="25%" |Life details
|-
|[[File:Ludwig XII. von Frankreich.jpg|110px]]
|[[Louis XII|'''Louis XII''' "Father of the People"]]
|[[File:Royal Coat of Arms of Valois France.svg|80px]]
|7 April 1498{{Efn-lr|Louis XII was crowned on 27 May 1498.}} – 1 January 1515<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1498|4|7|1515|1|1}})</small>
|Great-grandson of Charles V. Second cousin, and by first marriage son-in-law, of Louis XI
|27 June 1462 – 1 January 1515<br /><small>(aged 52)</small><hr />Briefly conquered the [[Kingdom of Naples]] and the [[Duchy of Milan]]{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1pp=150|2a1=Humphreys|2p=28|3a1=Knecht|3y=2007|3p=112|4a1=''EB''|4loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-XII Louis XII]}}
|}

==== House of Valois-Angoulême (1515–1589) ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
! width="5%" |Portrait
! width="15%" |Name
! width="5%" |Arms
! width="24%" |Reign
! width="18%" |Succession
! width="25%" |Life details
|-
|[[File:François Ier Louvre.jpg|110px]]
|[[Francis I of France|'''Francis I''' "the Father of Letters"]] <br/><small>''François''</small>
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Lesser Coat of Arms of France 1515-1574.svg|80px]]
|1 January 1515{{Efn-lr|Francis I was crowned on 25 January 1515.}} – 31 March 1547<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1515|1|1|1547|3|31}})</small>
|Great-great-grandson of Charles V. First [[cousin once removed]], and by first marriage son-in-law, of Louis XII
|12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547<br /><small>(aged 52)</small><hr />Remembered as a [[French Renaissance|Renaissance]] [[patron of the arts]] and scholarship. Died of a fever{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=157|2a1=Humphreys|2p=30|3a1=Knecht|3y=2007|3p=112|4a1=''EB''|4loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-I-king-of-France Francis I]}}
|-
|[[File:Henry II of France-François Clouet (altered).jpg|110px]]
|[[Henry II of France|'''Henry II''']] <br/><small>''Henri''</small>
|31 March 1547{{Efn-lr|Henry II was crowned on 26 July 1547.}} – 10 July 1559<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1547|3|31|1559|7|10}})</small>
|Son of Francis I, named [[Dauphin of France|Dauphin]] in August 1536
|31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559<br /><small>(aged 40)</small><hr />His reign saw the end of the [[Italian Wars]]. Died after being accidentally stabbed in a [[Jousting]] tournament{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=168|2a1=Humphreys|3a1=''EB''|2p=33|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-II-king-of-France Henry II]}}
|-
|[[File:Portrait du roi de France François II.jpg|110px]]
|[[Francis II of France|'''Francis II''']] <br/><small>''François''</small>
|10 July 1559{{Efn-lr|Francis II was crowned on 18 September 1559.}} – 5 December 1560<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1559|7|10|1560|12|5}})</small>
|Son of Henry II
|20 January 1544 – 5 December 1560<br /><small>(aged 16)</small><hr />[[King consort of Scotland]] since 24 April 1558. A weak and sick boy, he remained under the regency of the [[House of Guise]] until his premature death{{Sfnm|1a1=Curry|1y=1993|1pp=103–122|2a1=Humphreys|2p=35|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-II-king-of-France Francis II]}}
|-
|[[File:Portrait of King Charles IX of France (1550–1574), by After François Clouet.jpg|110px]]
|[[Charles IX of France|'''Charles IX''']]
|5 December 1560{{Efn-lr|Charles IX was crowned on 15 May 1561.}} – 30 May 1574<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1560|12|5|1574|5|30}})</small>
|Younger brother of Francis II
|27 June 1550 – 30 May 1574<br /><small>(aged 23)</small><hr />Ruled under the regency of his mother [[Catherine de' Medici|Catherine]] until 1563, but remained under her influence until his death. The Wars of Religion began under his reign (1562). Best remembered for the [[Massacre of Vassy]]{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=179|2a1=Humphreys|2p=36|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-IX-king-of-France Charles IX]}}
|-
|[[File:Quesnel Henry III of France in Polish hat.jpg|110px]]
|[[Henry III of France|'''Henry III''']]<br/><small>''Henri''</small>
|[[File:COA - Henry III of France.svg|80px]]
|30 May 1574{{Efn-lr|Henry III was crowned on 13 February 1575.}} – 2 August 1589<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1574|5|30|1589|8|2}})</small>
|Younger brother of Francis II and Charles IX; also [[Family tree of Polish monarchs|related]] to the Bohemian and Polish monarchies
|19 September 1551 – 2 August 1589<br /><small>(aged 37)</small><hr />Initially ruler of [[Poland–Lithuania]].{{efn|Henry III was elected on 15 May 1573.{{sfn|Knecht|2016|p=56. "On 5 May three orators were chosen [...] On 11 May the minority conceded defeat [but the election] did not happen till 15 May."}} He was crowned on 21 February 1574,{{sfn|Knecht|2016|p=76}} but was declared deposed a year later, on 12 May 1575.{{sfn|Knecht|2016|p=84}}}} He reigned through the devastating [[French Wars of Religion|Wars of Religion]], which eventually led to his [[Jacques Clément|own assassination]]{{Sfnm|1a1=Peignot|1p=186|2a1=Humphreys|2p=38|3a1=''EB''|3loc=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-III-king-of-France-and-Poland Henry III]}}
|}