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====Cooking==== [[File:Rippingille Albion Lamp Coy c1900 advert.jpg|thumb|upright|Advertisement for an oil stove, from the Albion Lamp Company, Birmingham, England, c. 1900]] [[File:Old Kerosene stoves.jpg|thumb|left|Old kerosene stoves from India]] In countries such as Nigeria, kerosene is the main fuel used for cooking, especially by the poor, and kerosene stoves have replaced traditional wood-based cooking appliances. As such, increases in the price of kerosene can have a major political and environmental consequence. The Indian government subsidizes the fuel to keep the price very low, to around 15 U.S. cents per liter as of February 2007, as keeping the price low discourages dismantling of forests for cooking fuel.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Bradsher | first = Keith | title = Fuel Subsidies Overseas Take a Toll on U.S. | newspaper = New York Times | date = 28 July 2008 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/28/business/worldbusiness/28subsidy.html | access-date = 22 February 2017 | archive-date = 5 January 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180105201219/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/28/business/worldbusiness/28subsidy.html | url-status = live }}</ref> In Nigeria, an attempt by the government to remove a fuel subsidy that includes kerosene met with strong opposition.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Ibikun | first = Yinka | title = Nigeria Kerosene Too Expensive For Oil-Rich Country's Poor | newspaper = Huffington Post | date = 25 July 2011 | url = http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/25/nigeria-kerosene-too-expensive_n_908837.html | access-date = 11 December 2012 | archive-date = 7 January 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140107091438/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/25/nigeria-kerosene-too-expensive_n_908837.html | url-status = live }}</ref> Kerosene is used as a fuel in [[portable stove]]s, especially in [[Primus stove]]s invented in 1892. Portable kerosene stoves are reliable and durable in everyday use, and perform especially well under adverse conditions. In outdoor activities and mountaineering, a decisive advantage of [[Portable stove#Pressurized liquid fuel stoves|pressurized kerosene stove]]s over [[Portable stove#Gas cartridge stoves|gas cartridge stoves]] is their particularly high thermal output and their ability to operate at very low ambient temperatures in winter or at high altitude. Wick stoves like Perfection's or wickless like Boss continue to be used by the Amish and off grid living, and in natural disasters where there is no power available.
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