Editing KLM (section)

==Corporate affairs and identity==
===Business trends===

Key business and operating results of KLM are shown below (as at year ending 31 December):<ref>{{Cite web |title=KLM Annual Reports |url=https://www.klmannualreport.com/ |access-date=2024-07-30 |website=KLM |language=nl-NL}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- 
!
!Revenue<br>([[Euro|€]] bn)
!Net profit<br>(€ m)
!Number of<br>employees
!Number of<br>passengers<br>(m)
!Passenger<br>load factor<br>(%)
!Number of<br>aircraft{{Efn|(at year end) (incl. cargo, regional, Transavia and training aircraft)}}
!References
|-
| 2011
|8.9
|1
|37,169
|25.3
|84.3
|204
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2012">{{cite web |title=KLM:Annual Report 2012 |url=https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/Annual_report_2012_tcm729-436908.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707165538/https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/Annual_report_2012_tcm729-436908.pdf |archive-date=7 July 2017 |access-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=KLM}}</ref><ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2011">{{cite web |title=KLM:Annual Report 2011 |url=https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/annual%20report%202011_tcm729-411136.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707165720/https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/annual%20report%202011_tcm729-411136.pdf |archive-date=7 July 2017 |access-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=KLM}}</ref>
|-
| 2012
|9.4
|<span style="color:red;">−98</span>
|35,787
|25.8
|85.7
|203
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2013">{{cite web |title=KLM:Annual Report 2013 |url=https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/annual%20report%202013_tcm729-500557.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114523/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/annual%20report%202013_tcm729-500557.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=KLM}}</ref><ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2012" />
|-
| 2013
|9.6
|133
|35,662
|26.6
|85.8
|206
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2014">{{cite web |title=KLM:Annual Report 2014 |url=https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/KLM_annual_report_2014_tcm729-579492.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615153127/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/KLM_annual_report_2014_tcm729-579492.pdf |archive-date=15 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=KLM}}</ref><ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2013" />
|-
| 2014
|9.6
|341
|35,685
|27.7
|86.5
|202
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2015">{{cite web |title=KLM:Annual Report 2015 |url=https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/Printversion-Annual%20Report%202015_tcm729-653699.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913080031/https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/Printversion-Annual%20Report%202015_tcm729-653699.pdf |archive-date=13 September 2017 |access-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=KLM}}</ref><ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2014" />
|-
| 2015
|9.9
|54
|35,488
|28.6
|86.4
|199
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2016">{{cite web |title=KLM:Annual Report 2016 |url=https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/170104%20KLM%20BRO%20jaarverslag%202016_LR%2011%20(1)_tcm729-719527.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913080615/https://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/170104%20KLM%20BRO%20jaarverslag%202016_LR%2011%20(1)_tcm729-719527.pdf |archive-date=13 September 2017 |access-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=KLM}}</ref><ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2015" />
|-
| 2016
|9.8
|519
|34,363
|30.4
|87.2
|203
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2016" />
|-
| 2017
|10.3
|<span style="color:red;">−497</span>
|34,872
|32.7
|88.4
|204
|<ref name="KLM: Annual Report 2017">{{cite web |title=KLM Annual Report 2017 |url=https://img.static-kl.com/m/71dbe79b31716dd3/original/KLM-2017-Annual-Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019165617/https://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/images/KLM_Annual_Report_2017_tcm542-1045330.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2019 |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=img.static-kl.com |publisher=KLM}}</ref><ref name="KLM: annual Report 2018">{{cite web |title=KLM Annual Report 2018 |url=https://img.static-kl.com/m/74f1510b4caf2627/original/KLM-2018-Annual-Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019165613/https://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/images/KLM_Annual_Report_2018_tcm542-1045331.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2019 |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=img.static-kl.com |publisher=KLM}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
|10.9
|573
|35,410
| 34.2
|89.1
|214
|<ref name="KLM: annual Report 2018" />
|-
|2019
|11.0
|449
|36,549
|35.1
|89.4
|229
|<ref name="KLM: annual Report 2019">{{Cite web |title=KLM Annual Report 2019 |url=https://img.static-kl.com/m/65c2d45449a35d2e/original/KLM-2019-Annual-Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910163109/https://www.klm.com/travel/fi_en/images/KLM-Jaarverslag-2019_tcm589-1063986.pdf |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=img.static-kl.com |publisher=KLM}}</ref>
|-
|2020
|5.1
|<span style="color:red;">−1,546</span>
|32,667
|11.2
|52.2
|218
|<ref name="KLM: annual Report 2020">{{cite web |title=KLM Annual Report 2020 |url=https://img.static-kl.com/m/334e4d894aae270e/original/KLM-2020-Annual-Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031112956/https://www.klm.com/travel/de_de/images/KLM-Jaarverslag-2020_tcm592-1074863.pdf |archive-date=31 October 2021 |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=img.static-kl.com |publisher=KLM}}</ref>
|-
|2021
|6.0
|<span style="color:red;">−1,258</span>
|31,551
|14.0
|49.6
|218
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-10 |title=KLM Annual Report 2021 |url=https://annualreports.klm.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504225453/https://annualreports.klm.com/ |archive-date=4 May 2018 |access-date=10 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2022
|10.6
|744
|33,358
|25.8
|83.4
|225
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-10 |title=KLM Annual Report 2022 |url=https://www.klmannualreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/KLM-Annual-Report-2022.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010181156/http://www.klmannualreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/KLM-Annual-Report-2022.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2023 |access-date=4 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|12.0
|714
|35,145
|30.3
|87.1
|238
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 Apr 2024 |title=KLM Annual Report 2023 |url=https://www.klmannualreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/KLM-Annual-Report_2023.pdf |access-date= |website=KLM}}</ref>
|-
|2024
|12.6
|70
|36,071
|33.1
|88.2
|224
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-12 |title=klm.com |url=https://view.publitas.com/cfreport/klm-annual-report-2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250412143737/https://view.publitas.com/60602/2224494/pdfs/9abfc6d6-c996-40c6-9aeb-672594452756.pdf?response-content-disposition=attachment;+filename%2A=UTF-8%27%27cfreport%20-%20KLM%20Annual%20Report%202024.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2025 |access-date=2025-04-12 }}</ref>
|}

===Management===
{{As of|July 2022}}, KLM's corporate leader is its president and chief executive officer (CEO) Marjan Rintel, who succeeded [[Pieter Elbers]]. The president and CEO is part of the larger Executive Committee, which manages KLM and consists of the statutory managing directors and executive vice-presidents of KLM's business units that are represented in the Executive Committee.<ref name=klmmanagement>{{cite web |title=KLM Management |url=http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/about-klm/management/index.html |publisher=KLM Corporate |access-date=2 February 2013 |archive-date=14 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214054852/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/about-klm/management/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The supervision and management of KLM are structured following the ''two-tier model''; the Board of Managing Directors is supervised by a separate and independent [[Supervisory Board]]. The Supervisory Board also supervises the general performance of KLM.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/annual%20report%202011_tcm729-411136.pdf|title=KLM Royal Dutch Airlines Annual Report 2011|year=2011|publisher=KLM Corporate|access-date=2 February 2013|pages=41, 42|archive-date=2 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202042800/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/annual%20report%202011_tcm729-411136.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The Board of Managing Directors is formed by the four Managing Directors, including the CEO. Nine Supervisory Directors compose the Supervisory Board.<ref name=klmmanagement />

===Head office===
[[File:KLM hoofdkantoor Amstelveen.jpg|thumb|KLM head office in [[Amstelveen]]]]
KLM's head office is located in Amstelveen,<ref>{{cite web |title=Contact – Visiting address |url=http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/contact/index.html |publisher=KLM Corporate |access-date=2 February 2013 |archive-date=21 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121020904/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/contact/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> on a {{convert|16|acre|ha|adj=on|order=flip}} site near [[Schiphol Airport]]. The airline's current headquarters was built between 1968 and 1970.<ref>{{cite journal |title=KLM's New Head Office |journal=Flight International |date=6 June 1968 |volume=93 |issue=3091 |page=855 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1968/1968%20-%200895.html |access-date=2 February 2013 |archive-date=29 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129083107/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1968/1968%20-%200895.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Before the opening of the new headquarters, the airline's head office was on the property of Schiphol Airport in [[Haarlemmermeer]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=KLM (Konninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij NV)|journal=Flight International|date=10 April 1969|volume=95|issue=3135|page=578|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969%20-%201831.html|access-date=2 February 2013|archive-date=27 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927135138/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969%20-%201831.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Subsidiaries===
Companies in which KLM has a stake include:<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/Annual_report_2012_tcm729-436908.pdf|title = KLM Royal Dutch Airlines Annual Report 2012|date = 19 March 2013|publisher = KLM Corporate|access-date = 10 July 2013|page = 16|archive-date = 10 November 2013|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131110235025/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/images/Annual_report_2012_tcm729-436908.pdf|url-status = live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- 
!Company||Type||Principal activities||Incorporated in||Group's equity shareholding
|-
|[[Transavia]] Airlines CV||Subsidiary||Airline||Netherlands||100%
|-
|[[KLM Cityhopper]] BV||Subsidiary||Airline||Netherlands||100%
|-
|KLM Cityhopper UK Ltd.||Subsidiary||Airline||United Kingdom||100%
|-
|KLM Asia||Subsidiary||Airline||Taiwan||100%
|-
|[[Martinair]] Holland NV||Subsidiary||Cargo airline||Netherlands||100%
|-
|EPCOR BV||Subsidiary||Maintenance||Netherlands||100%
|-
|KLM Catering Services Schiphol BV||Subsidiary||Catering services||Netherlands||100%
|-
|KLM Financial Services||Subsidiary||Financing||Netherlands||100%
|-
|KLM Flight Academy BV||Subsidiary||Flight academy||Netherlands||100%
|-
|KLM Health Services BV||Subsidiary||Health services||Netherlands||100%
|-
|KLM UK Engineering Ltd.||Subsidiary||Engineering and maintenance||United Kingdom||100%
|-
|Cygnific||Subsidiary||Sales and service||Netherlands||100%
|-
|Schiphol Logistics Park||Joint controlled entity||Logistics||Netherlands||53% (45% voting right)
|}

===Former subsidiaries===
Subsidiaries, associates, and joint ventures of KLM in the past include:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Company || Type || Year of establishment || Year of rejection || Notes || References
|-
| Cobalt Ground Solutions || Subsidiary || align=center|1995 || align=center|2017 || UK based ground handling (60% share) || align=center|<ref>{{cite web |title=Air France-KLM sells Cobalt Ground Solutions |url=https://news.klm.com/air-france-klm-sells-cobalt-ground-solutions/ |work=KLM newsroom |access-date=9 July 2013 |archive-date=9 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709153905/https://news.klm.com/air-france-klm-sells-cobalt-ground-solutions/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bloomberg Transportation Infrastructure: Company Overview of Cobalt Ground Solutions Ltd. |website = [[Bloomberg News]]| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=46545318 |access-date=9 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
|[[Air Ceylon]]
|Subsidiary
|1953
|1961
|Bought 49% stake from [[Australian National Airways]], later reduced to 25% and sold stake in the Airline in 1961.
|
|-
|[[Air UK]] || Associate || align=center|1987 || align=center|1998 || Renamed [[KLM uk]] upon obtaining majority stake || align=center|<ref name=airuk>{{cite web |title=Air UK Reunion -History |url=http://www.airukreunion.co.uk/history.htm |work=Air UK Reunion |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130722081100/http://www.airukreunion.co.uk/history.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[Braathens ASA|Braathens]] || Joint venture || align=center|1998 || align=center|2003 || align=center|— || align=center|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-10-15 |title=KLM signs Braathens and Northwest deals |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/klm-signs-braathens-and-northwest-deals/16347.article |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=[[FlightGlobal]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=SAS to buy troubled Braathens |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sas-to-buy-troubled-braathens-130934/ |work=Flight International |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=10 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710012743/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/sas-to-buy-troubled-braathens-130934/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[Buzz (airline)|Buzz]] || Subsidiary || align=center|2000 || align=center|2003 || Sold to [[Ryanair]] || align=center |<ref>{{cite web |title=KLM uk's no-frills buzz gets off the ground |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/klm-uks-no-frills-buzz-gets-off-the-ground-60596/ |work=Flight International |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522043424/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/klm-uks-no-frills-buzz-gets-off-the-ground-60596/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Buzz deal completed|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/buzz-deal-completed-164674/|work=Flight International|access-date=20 February 2013|archive-date=22 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522054233/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/buzz-deal-completed-164674/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ryanair snaps up Buzz and increases 737 order |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ryanair-snaps-up-buzz-and-increases-737-order-161194/ |work=Flight International |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522054117/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ryanair-snaps-up-buzz-and-increases-737-order-161194/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[De Kroonduif]]|| Subsidiary || align=center|1955 || align=center|1963 || Acquired by [[Garuda Indonesia]] || align=center|<ref>{{cite web |title=Vliegen als vervoer in Nieuw-Guinea |url=http://www.papuaerfgoed.org/en/node/23467 |work=PACE |publisher=Papua Heritage Foundation |language=nl |trans-title=Flying as transport in New-Guinea |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=25 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825094137/http://www.papuaerfgoed.org/en/node/23467 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[KLM alps]]|| Subsidiary || align=center|1998 || align=center|2001 || Franchise agreement with Air Engiadina and [[Air Alps]] || align=center|<ref>{{cite web |title=KLM's alpine deal |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/klms-alpine-deal-45105/ |work=Flight International |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522030444/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/klms-alpine-deal-45105/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Air Alps lands in Italian hands|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/air-alps-lands-in-italian-hands-134141/|work=Flight International|access-date=20 February 2013|archive-date=22 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522044746/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/air-alps-lands-in-italian-hands-134141/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[KLM exel]] || Subsidiary || align=center|1991 || align=center|2004 || align=center|— || align=center|{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}
|-
|[[KLM Helikopters]] || Subsidiary || align=center|1965 || align=center|1998 || Sold to [[Schreiner Airways]] || align=center|<ref>{{cite web|title=Newsletter May 1985|url=http://www.denhelderairport.nl/index.php?lan=en&id=85|work=Den Helder Airport|access-date=20 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524212104/http://www.denhelderairport.nl/index.php?lan=en&id=85|archive-date=24 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Schreiner|first=Arnoud|title=1996–2000|url=http://schreinerhistory.weebly.com/1996--2000.html|work=Schreiner Aviation Group History|access-date=20 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522055845/http://schreinerhistory.weebly.com/1996--2000.html|archive-date=22 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=KLM Helikopters BV |journal=Flight International |date=22 April 1978 |volume=113 |issue=3605 |page=1137 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200661.html |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522051111/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200661.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[KLM Interinsulair Bedrijf]] (KLM-IIB) || Subsidiary || align=center|1947 || align=center|1949 || Nationalized and renamed [[Garuda Indonesia]] || align=center|<ref>{{cite web |title=KLM Interinsulair Bedrijf |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/database/operators/5871 |work=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222111219/http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=5871 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[KLM uk]] || Subsidiary || align=center|1998 || align=center|2002 || Merged with [[KLM Cityhopper]] || align=center|<ref name=airuk /><ref>{{cite journal |title=World Airline Directory – KLM uk |journal=Flight International |date=18 March 1998 |volume=153 |issue=4617 |page=82 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1998/1998%20-%200608.html |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522044440/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1998/1998%20-%200608.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[NetherLines]] || Subsidiary || align=center|1988 || align=center|1991 || Merged with [[NLM CityHopper]] and formed [[KLM Cityhopper]] || align=center|<ref>{{cite journal |title=KLM buys Dutch regional |journal=Flight International |date=9 April 1988 |volume=133 |issue=4108 |page=7 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200911.html |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522051317/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200911.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=nlmnetherlinesmerger>{{cite journal |title=World Airline Directory – KLM CityHopper |journal=Flight International |date=27 March 1991 |volume=91 |issue=4260 |page=139 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%200780.html |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=4 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204150127/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[NLM CityHopper]] || Subsidiary || align=center|1966 || align=center|1991 || Merged with [[NetherLines]] and formed [[KLM Cityhopper]] || align=center|<ref name=nlmnetherlinesmerger /><ref>{{cite journal |title=World Airline Directory – Nederlandse Luchtvaart Maatschappij (NLM) |journal=Flight International |date=13 April 1967 |volume=91 |issue=3031 |page=581 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200595.html |access-date=20 February 2013 |archive-date=22 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522054448/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200595.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[High Speed Alliance]] || Subsidiary || align=center|2007 || align=center|2014 || 5% (10% voting) share before it became [[NS International]] || align=center|{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}}
|-
|KLM Equipment Services BV
|Subsidiary
|<!-- No source yet. -->
| align=center|2024
|Sold to [[TCR International]]
| align=center|<ref>{{Cite web |title=KLM Equipment Services bought by TCR International |url=https://klmf.ly/3SDkgJo |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=KLM Equipment Services bought by TCR International |language=en}}</ref>
|}

KLM also worked closely with [[ALM Antillean Airlines]] in the Caribbean to provide air service for the Dutch-controlled islands in the region with KLM aircraft such as the [[Douglas DC-8]] and [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30]] being operated by KLM flight crews on behalf of ALM.<ref name="Airline Timetable Images"/>

===KLM Asia===
[[File:EHAM18072010 PH-BFC KLM (4806800714).jpg|thumb|A [[Boeing 747-400|Boeing 747-400 Combi]] in KLM Asia livery. Pictured is PH-BFC, the aircraft involved in the [[KLM Flight 867|KLM Flight 867 incident]]. This aircraft served the subsidiary from 1995 to 2012 before being transferred to KLM and repainted in the mainline KLM livery, where it remained in service until its retirement on 14 March 2018.]]

'''KLM Asia''' ({{lang-zh|t=荷蘭亞洲航空公司|p=Hélán Yàzhōu Hángkōng Gōngsī}}) is a wholly owned subsidiary registered in [[Taiwan]]. The subsidiary was established in 1995 to allow KLM to continue operating flights to [[Taipei]] without compromising the mainline KLM's traffic rights for destinations in the People's Republic of China.<ref>{{cite web|title=KLM History|url=http://www.theklmsource.com/history.html|work=The KLM Source|access-date=20 February 2013|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719044400/http://www.theklmsource.com/history.html|archive-date=19 July 2013}}</ref> Aircraft operated by the subsidiary retain their Dutch registration and the basic KLM livery but receive several modifications: the flags of both the Netherlands and European Union are removed while the [[Crown of the Netherlands|Dutch Crown]] logo is replaced with the KLM Asia wordmark.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aircraft Operators - KLM Asia |url=https://www.hef.ru.nl/~pfk/aircraft/operator-KLMAsia.php#:~:text=The%20livery%20of%20KLM%20Asia%20does%20not%20feature%20Dutch%20national%20symbols,%20such%20as%20the%20flag%20of%20the%20Netherlands,%20nor%20KLM's%20stylised%20Dutch%20Crown%20logo.%20Instead,%20it%20features%20a%20special%20KLM%20Asia%20logo |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=www.hef.ru.nl}}</ref><ref name="theklmsource.com">{{Cite web |date=2013-07-19 |title=The KLM Source - KLM Royal Dutch Airlines History |url=http://www.theklmsource.com/history.html |access-date=2024-08-24 |archive-date=19 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719044400/http://www.theklmsource.com/history.html |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
 
The fleet of aircraft operated by the subsidiary consists of seven [[Boeing 777-200ER]] and two [[Boeing 777-300ER]] aircraft as of March 2020.<ref name="theklmsource.com"/> As of 2012, KLM used the "KLM Asia" brand to fly to Taipei and the aircraft had to fly over China. Previously KLM used Boeing 747s for its services to Taiwan.<ref name=worldairlinenews>{{cite web | url=http://worldairlinenews.com/2012/02/22/klm-to-move-seven-boeing-777-200-ers-to-klm-asia/ | title=KLM to repaint seven Boeing 777-200ERs in KLM Asia livery | work=World Airline News | date=22 February 2012 | access-date=16 October 2015 | archive-date=1 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150901180012/http://worldairlinenews.com/2012/02/22/klm-to-move-seven-boeing-777-200-ers-to-klm-asia/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2012, it started operating the revised Amsterdam-Taipei-[[Ninoy Aquino International Airport|Manila]] route with Boeing 777-200ER aircraft.<ref name="worldairlinenews" />

KLM Asia aircraft are also occasionally used in services to other destinations, including China, in the wider KLM network.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2024 |title=Deep Dive: The Story Behind KLM Asia |url=https://www.airwaysmag.com/legacy-posts/history-klm-asia |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=Airways Magazine}}</ref>

===Branding===
[[Dirk Roosenburg]] designed the KLM logo at its establishment in 1919; he intertwined the letters K, L, and M, and gave them wings and a [[Crown of the Netherlands|crown]]. The crown was depicted to denote KLM's royal status, which was granted at KLM's establishment.<ref>{{cite web|title=KLM keeps predicate 'Royal'|url=https://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/about/news_press/travel_news/KLM_keeps_predicate_Royal.htm|publisher=KLM|access-date=2 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620024812/https://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/about/news_press/travel_news/KLM_keeps_predicate_Royal.htm|archive-date=20 June 2013}}</ref> The logo became known as the "vinklogo" in reference to the [[common chaffinch]].<ref>{{cite book|last=van Hoogstraten|first=Dorine|title=Dirk Roosenburg, architect 1887–1962|year=2005|trans-title=Dirk Roosenburg, architect 1887–1962|publisher=010 Publishers |location=Rotterdam |isbn=9064505322 |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9064505322|access-date=2 February 2013|page=137|language=nl|trans-chapter=Buildings for aviation|chapter=Gebouwen voor de luchtvaart}}</ref> The KLM logo was largely redesigned in 1961 by [[F.H.K. Henrion]]. The crown, redesigned using a line, four blue circles and a cross, was retained. In 1991, the logo was further revised by Chris Ludlow of Henrion, Ludlow & Schmidt.<ref>{{cite web |title=KLM Logo |url=http://www.famouslogos.net/klm-logo |work=FamousLogos.net |access-date=2 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622213123/http://www.famouslogos.net/klm-logo |archive-date=22 June 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In addition to its main logo, KLM displays its alliance status in its branding, including "Worldwide Reliability" with [[Northwest Airlines]] (1993–2002) and the SkyTeam alliance (2004–present).<ref>{{cite web|title=KLM Royal Dutch Airlines|url=http://www.evolutionofbrands.com/nl/klm-royal-dutch-airlines/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216012729/http://www.evolutionofbrands.com/nl/klm-royal-dutch-airlines/|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 February 2013|work=Evolution of Brands|access-date=2 February 2013}}</ref>
{{clear}}
[[File:Evolution klm.jpg|600px|center|Evolution of the KLM logo]]

====Livery and uniforms====
[[File:KLM Wing.jpg|thumb|A current KLM pilot wing]]
[[File:Douglas DC-6 PH-TPT KLM RWY 18.07.53 edited-2.jpg|thumb|One of KLM's Douglas DC-6s in 1953]]
[[File:Lockheed L188C PH-LLK KLM MAN 23.12.63 edited-2.jpg|thumb|A KLM Lockheed L-188 Electra in the airline's 1950s livery]]

KLM has utilized several major liveries since its founding, with numerous variations on each. Initially, many aircraft featured a bare-metal fuselage with a stripe above the windows bearing the phrase "The Flying Dutchman". The rudder was divided into three segments and painted to match the Dutch flag. Later aircraft types sometimes bore a white upper fuselage, and additional detail striping and titling. In the mid-1950s, the livery was changed to feature a split cheatline in two shades of blue on a white upper fuselage and angled blue stripes on the vertical stabilizer. The tail stripes were later enlarged and made horizontal, and the then-new crown logo was placed in a white circle. The final major variation of this livery saw the vertical stabilizer painted completely white with the crown logo in the center. All versions of this livery had small "KLM Royal Dutch Airlines" titles, first in red, and later in blue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=» The new KLM livery: an in-depth look at all the changes |url=https://www.norebbo.com/new-klm-livery/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-US |archive-date=6 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906164603/https://www.norebbo.com/new-klm-livery/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Since 1971, the KLM livery has primarily featured a bright blue fuselage, with variations on the striping and details. Originally a wide, dark blue cheatline covered the windows and was separated from the light grey lower fuselage by a thin white stripe. The KLM logo was placed centrally on the white tail and the front of the fuselage. In December 2002, KLM introduced an updated livery in which the white strip was removed and the dark-blue cheatline was significantly narrowed. The bright blue colour was retained and now covers most of the fuselage. The KLM logo was placed more centrally on the fuselage while its position on the tail and the tail design remained the same.<ref>{{cite press release|title=New Livery For KLM Fleet |url=http://www.presslink.nl/klm/|publisher=KLM|date=20 December 2002|access-date=9 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021222090350/http://www.presslink.nl/klm/ |archive-date=22 December 2002}}</ref> In 2014, KLM modified its livery with a swooping cheatline that wraps around the entire forward fuselage. The livery was first introduced on [[Embraer 190]]s.<ref>{{cite press release |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=KLM Welcomes its Latest Embraer 190 and Modified Livery |url=http://news.klm.com/klm-welcomes-its-latest-embraer-190-and-modified-livery |location=Amstelveen |date=29 April 2014 |access-date=2 July 2015 |archive-date=2 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702221139/http://news.klm.com/klm-welcomes-its-latest-embraer-190-and-modified-livery |url-status=live }}</ref>

In April 2010, KLM introduced new uniforms for its female cabin attendants, ground attendants and pilots at KLM and KLM Cityhopper. The new uniform was designed by Dutch couturier [[Mart Visser]]. It retains the KLM blue colour that was introduced in 1971 and adds a touch of orange—the national colour of the Netherlands.<ref>{{cite press release|title=KLM introduces new ladies uniform|url=http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-introduceert-nieuw-damesuniform-en/|publisher=KLM|date=14 April 2010|access-date=9 February 2013|archive-date=20 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620030208/http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-introduceert-nieuw-damesuniform-en/|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Berlin_Brandenburg_Airport_KLM_Royal_Dutch_Airlines_Airbus_A321-252NX_PH-AXB_(DSC06694).jpg|alt=Berlin_Brandenburg_Airport_KLM_Royal_Dutch_Airlines_Airbus_A321-252NX_PH-AXB_(DSC06694)|thumb|[[Airbus A321neo]] with the 2024 livery]]
In August 2024, KLM introduced a brand new livery on its first [[Airbus A321neo]] with the blue section now fully covers the nose dome and the [[SkyTeam]] logo together with the [[Air France–KLM|Air France-KLM Group]] logo moved from the nose section to the tail section.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KLM reveals new A321neo livery |url=https://news.klm.com/klm-reveals-new-a321neo-livery/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=KLM reveals new A321neo livery |language=en}}</ref> The logo and the font has also been changed slightly for a more modernized feel.

====Marketing slogans====
KLM has used several slogans for marketing throughout its operational history:
* "''The businessman travels, sends, and receives by KLM''" (translated from Dutch)<ref name=klmreclames>{{cite news|last=Heiden|first=H.G.|title=Een goed verwarmde kajuit in de winter|url=http://www.digibron.nl/search/detail/012df2bb54bad327a2cfab28/|access-date=16 February 2013|newspaper=[[Reformatorisch Dagblad]]|date=7 October 1994|page=17|language=nl|trans-title=A well-heated cabin in winter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923223351/http://www.digibron.nl/search/detail/012df2bb54bad327a2cfab28/|archive-date=23 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=van Weezepoel|first=Paul|title=Dutch Aviation History 1919|url=http://www.dutch-aviation.nl/index3/1919-1939/index3-1919.html|work=Dutch Aviation|access-date=16 February 2013|archive-date=21 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521214909/http://www.dutch-aviation.nl/index3/1919-1939/index3-1919.html|url-status=live}}</ref> (1920s)
* "''The Flying Dutchman''"<ref name=klmreclames /><ref>{{cite web|last=van Weezepoel|first=Paul|title=Dutch Aviation History 1926|url=http://www.dutch-aviation.nl/index3/1919-1939/index3-1926.html|work=Dutch Aviation|access-date=16 February 2013|archive-date=21 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521215348/http://www.dutch-aviation.nl/index3/1919-1939/index3-1926.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* "''Bridging the World''"<ref name=klmreclames /> (1994)
* "''The Reliable Airline''"<ref name=travelinsiderslogans>{{cite web|title=Airline Slogans for airlines G – N|url=http://www.thetravelinsider.info/airlines/airlineslogansgn.htm|work=The Travel Insider|access-date=16 February 2013|archive-date=18 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318190328/http://www.thetravelinsider.info/airlines/airlineslogansgn.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* "''Journeys of Inspiration''"<ref name=travelinsiderslogans /><ref>{{cite web|title=90th anniversary|url=http://holland-herald.com/2009/10/90th-anniversary/|work=Holland Herald|publisher=KLM|access-date=16 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504005642/http://holland-herald.com/2009/10/90th-anniversary/|archive-date=4 May 2011}}</ref> (2009–present)

===Social media===
KLM has an extensive presence on [[social media]] platforms and also runs a blog.<ref>{{cite web |title=Where to find KLM on social media sites |url=http://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/plan_and_book/klm_on_social_media/where_to_find_us/index.htm |publisher=KLM |access-date=31 March 2013 |archive-date=27 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527135234/http://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/plan_and_book/klm_on_social_media/where_to_find_us/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Customers can make inquiries through these channels. The airline also uses these networks to inform customers of KLM news, marketing campaigns and promotions.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/marketshare/2012/02/27/klm-a-company-that-gets-social-media/#3f80097c1027|title=KLM: A Company That 'Gets' Social Media|last=Olenski|first=Steve|work=Forbes|access-date=23 December 2017|language=en|archive-date=23 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223103042/https://www.forbes.com/sites/marketshare/2012/02/27/klm-a-company-that-gets-social-media/#3f80097c1027|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fodors.com/news/airlines/klm-royal-dutch-airlines-proves-a-winning-social-media-strategy-is-all-about-customer-service|title=KLM Royal Dutch Airlines Proves a Winning Social Media Strategy Is All About Customer Service|date=21 August 2017|work=Fodors Travel Guide|access-date=23 December 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=23 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223160538/https://www.fodors.com/news/airlines/klm-royal-dutch-airlines-proves-a-winning-social-media-strategy-is-all-about-customer-service|url-status=live}}</ref>

The airline's use of social media platforms to reach customers peaked when the Icelandic volcano [[Eyjafjallajökull]] erupted in April 2010, causing widespread disruption to air traffic. Customers used the social networks to contact the airline, which used them to provide information about the situation.<ref>{{cite web |last=van Drimmelen |first=Jochem |title=KLM's social media strategy – Part 1 |url=http://blog.klm.com/klm%E2%80%99s-social-media-strategy-part-1/4670/ |publisher=KLM Blog |access-date=31 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728021256/http://blog.klm.com/klm%E2%80%99s-social-media-strategy-part-1/4670/ |archive-date=28 July 2012 }}</ref> Following the increased use of social media, KLM created a centralized, public social media website named the Social Media Hub in October 2010.<ref>{{cite web |last=van Drimmelen |first=Jochem |title=KLM's social media strategy – Part 2 |url=http://blog.klm.com/klm%E2%80%99s-social-media-strategy-part-2/4700/ |publisher=KLM Blog |access-date=31 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329234633/http://blog.klm.com/klm%E2%80%99s-social-media-strategy-part-2/4700/ |archive-date=29 March 2013 }}</ref>

KLM has developed several services based on these social platforms, including:
* ''Meet & Seat''; this service allows passengers to find information about people who will be on the same KLM flight by connecting their Facebook or LinkedIn profiles to the flight. Meet & Seat facilitates contact with fellow travellers who have the same background or interests.<ref>{{cite web |title=KLM Meet & Seat |url=http://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/prepare_for_travel/on_board/Your_seat_on_board/meet_and_seat.htm |publisher=KLM |access-date=31 March 2013 |archive-date=3 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403115450/http://www.klm.com/travel/nl_en/prepare_for_travel/on_board/your_seat_on_board/meet_and_seat.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> By launching Meet & Seat, KLM became the first airline to integrate social networking into its regular flight process.<ref>{{cite press release |title=With Meet & Seat, KLM integrates social media with air travel |url=http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-lanceert-applicatie-meet-e-seat-en/ |publisher=KLM |date=3 February 2012 |access-date=31 March 2013 |archive-date=28 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528184732/http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-lanceert-applicatie-meet-e-seat-en/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''Trip Planner''; this platform uses Facebook to organize a trip with Facebook friends.<ref>{{cite press release |title=KLM Launches Trip Planner – Plan a trip with friends via Facebook |url=http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-lanceert-trip-planner-een-reis-met-vrienden-plannen-via-facebook-en/ |publisher=KLM |date=31 May 2012 |access-date=31 March 2013 |archive-date=20 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620022527/http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-lanceert-trip-planner-een-reis-met-vrienden-plannen-via-facebook-en/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Twitterbots; KLM operates several [[Twitterbot]]s, including one to request the current status of a flight and one to request the lowest KLM fares to a destination on a specified date or month.<ref>{{cite web |last=van Drimmelen |first=Jochem |title=KLM's social media strategy – Part 4 |url=http://blog.klm.com/klm’s-social-media-strategy-part-4/4722/ |publisher=KLM Blog |access-date=31 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402104410/http://blog.klm.com/klm%E2%80%99s-social-media-strategy-part-4/4722/ |archive-date=2 April 2013 }}</ref>

In June 2013, KLM launched its own 3D strategy game "Aviation Empire" for [[iOS]] and [[Android (operating system)|Android]] platforms. The game allows users to experience airline management. Players manage KLM from its establishment until the present; they can invest in a fleet, build a network with international destinations and develop airports. The game combines the digital world with the real world by enabling the unlocking of airports by [[GPS]] check-ins.<ref>{{cite press release |title=KLM Launches 3D Strategy Game 'Aviation Empire' |url=http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-lanceert-3d-strategy-game-aviation-empire-en/ |publisher=KLM |date=27 June 2013 |access-date=10 July 2013 |archive-date=1 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701171800/http://nieuws.klm.com/klm-lanceert-3d-strategy-game-aviation-empire-en/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Philanthropy===
KLM started KLM AirCares, a program that aids underprivileged children in developing countries to which KLM flies, in 1999.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://corporate.klm.com/en/topics/klm-aircares |title="KLM AirCares" KLM Website |publisher=Corporate.klm.com |access-date=29 November 2012 |archive-date=6 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206210307/http://corporate.klm.com/en/topics/klm-aircares |url-status=live }}</ref> The airline collects money and airmiles from passengers. In 2012, new applications for support from the program were suspended because it needed an overhaul.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/topics/klm-aircares/index.html|title=KLM AirCares|access-date=1 July 2014|archive-date=17 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140617131042/http://www.klm.com/corporate/en/topics/klm-aircares/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>