Editing Jakarta (section)

==Demographics==
[[File:Jakarta population pyramid.svg|thumb|Jakarta population pyramid in 2021]]Jakarta attracts people from across Indonesia, often in search of employment. The 1961 census showed that 51% of the city's population was born in Jakarta.{{sfn|Cybriwsky|Ford|2001|pp=202–13}} Inward immigration tended to negate the effect of family planning programs.<ref name="Statistics-2008">{{Cite book |url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=ODdlY2I0NmZlYTJiZjM3ODJiYTE0ZGNj&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly9qYWthcnRhLmJwcy5nby5pZC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8yMDE1LzA4LzE5Lzg3ZWNiNDZmZWEyYmYzNzgyYmExNGRjYy9zdGF0aXN0aWstcG90ZW5zaS1kZXNhLXByb3ZpbnNpLWRraS1qYWthcnRhLTIwMDguaHRtbA%3D%3D&twoadfnoarfeauf=MjAyMS0xMS0xNiAxNTo1Nzo1MA%3D%3D |title=Statistik Potensi Desa Provinsi DKI Jakarta 2008 |date=2008 |publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]] |isbn=978-979-724-994-6 |volume=10 |location=Jakarta |language=id |trans-title=Village Potential Statistics of Province of DKI Jakarta 2008 |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222405/https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=ODdlY2I0NmZlYTJiZjM3ODJiYTE0ZGNj&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly9qYWthcnRhLmJwcy5nby5pZC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8yMDE1LzA4LzE5Lzg3ZWNiNDZmZWEyYmYzNzgyYmExNGRjYy9zdGF0aXN0aWstcG90ZW5zaS1kZXNhLXByb3ZpbnNpLWRraS1qYWthcnRhLTIwMDguaHRtbA%3D%3D&twoadfnoarfeauf=MjAyMS0xMS0xNiAxNTo1Nzo1MA%3D%3D |url-status=live }}</ref> The Ministry of Home Affairs ({{lang|id|Kemendagri}}) tabulates its own data, which has improved since ID cards were required in the last decade, lists Jakarta's population at 11,261,595 at yearend 2021.

{{Historical populations
|1945|600000
|1950|1800000
|1960|2678740
|1970|3915406
|1980|6700000
|1990|8174756
|2000|8389759
|2010|9625579
|2020|10562088|source=<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bps.go.id/website/materi_ind/materiBrsInd-20210121151046.pdf |page=9 |publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]] |title=Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020 |language=id |date=21 January 2021 |access-date=21 January 2021 |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122154418/https://www.bps.go.id/website/materi_ind/materiBrsInd-20210121151046.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|footnote={{nowrap|Note: Census figures cover}} the actual and projected populations of the largest Asian urban agglomerations.{{sfn|Ginsburg|Koppel|McGee|1991|p=71}} According to the Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics, 23 per cent of urban residents live in poverty. With a population of 7.9&nbsp;million in 1985, Jakarta accounted for 19 per cent of the total Indonesia urban population.{{Sfn|Harpham|Tanner|1995|p=71}}|2023|10672100
}}

Between 1961 and 1980, the population of Jakarta doubled, and during the period 1980–1990, the city's population grew annually by 3.7%.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu11ee/uu11ee15.htm |title=Jabotabek, the Jakarta metropolitan area |publisher=[[United Nations University|UNU]] |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233059/https://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu11ee/uu11ee15.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The 2010 census counted some 9.58&nbsp;million people, well above government estimates.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Setiawati |first=Indah |title=After census city plans for 9.5&nbsp;million |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/28/after-census-city-plans-95-million.html |access-date=3 May 2019 |archive-date=11 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211232602/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/28/after-census-city-plans-95-million.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The population rose from 4.5&nbsp;million in 1970 to 9.5&nbsp;million in 2010, counting only legal residents, while the population of [[Jabodetabek|Greater Jakarta]] rose from 8.2&nbsp;million in 1970 to 28.5&nbsp;million in 2010. As of 2014, the population of Jakarta stood at 10&nbsp;million,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |title=BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta |access-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327171524/https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> with a population density of 15,174 people/km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hook |first=Walter |title=BRT – Case Study 5 – Annex 5 Case Studies and Lessons – Module 2: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT): Toolkit for Feasibility Studies |url=https://sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org/mod2/se3/005_5.html |website=sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org |access-date=12 June 2011 |archive-date=28 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828022705/http://sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org/mod2/se3/005_5.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{sfn|Hermanto|1998|p=?}} In 2014, the population of [[Jabodetabek|Greater Jakarta]] was 30&nbsp;million, accounting for 11% of Indonesia's overall population.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Firman |first1=Tommy |title=Population growth of Greater Jakarta and its impact |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/03/26/population-growth-greater-jakarta-and-its-impact.html#sthash.bynCViBO.dpuf |website=The Jakarta Post |access-date=6 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929060917/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/03/26/population-growth-greater-jakarta-and-its-impact.html#sthash.bynCViBO.dpuf |archive-date=29 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> It is predicted to reach 35.6&nbsp;million people by 2030 to become the world's biggest [[megacity]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.globalindonesianvoices.com/33429/jakarta-to-overtake-tokyo-as-most-populated-megacity-by-2030/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910132641/http://www.globalindonesianvoices.com/33429/jakarta-to-overtake-tokyo-as-most-populated-megacity-by-2030/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 September 2019 |title=These are the megacities of the future |access-date=11 October 2018 |date=9 October 2018}}</ref> The gender ratio was 102.8 (males per 100 females) in 2010,<ref>{{cite web |title=Data collection, analysis, visualization and sharing |url=https://knoema.com/ |website=Knoema |access-date=29 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825220550/https://knoema.com/ |archive-date=25 August 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> and 101.3 in 2014.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistics of DKI Jakarta Province 2017 |url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |access-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327171524/https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Ethnicity===
{{bar box
|title=Ethnicity of Jakarta – 2010 Census<ref name="ETHNICITY"/>{{not in source|date=May 2025}}
|titlebar=
|left1=Ethnicity
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Javanese people|Javanese]]|Violet|36.17}}
{{bar percent|[[Betawi people|Betawi]]|Yellow|28.29}}
{{bar percent|[[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]|Green|14.61}}
{{Bar percent|[[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]]|Red|6.623}}
{{bar percent|[[Batak people|Batak]]|DarkBlue|3.42}}
{{bar percent|[[Minangkabau people|Minang]]|lightgreen|2.85}}
{{bar percent|[[Malay Indonesians|Malay]]|Brown|0.96}}
{{bar percent|Others|Gray|7.077}}
}}

Jakarta is pluralistic and religiously diverse, without a majority ethnic group. As of 2010, 36.17% of the city's population were [[Javanese people|Javanese]], 28.29% [[Betawi people|Betawi]] (locally established mixed race, cemented by diverse creole), 14.61% [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]], 6.62% [[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]], 3.42% [[Batak]], 2.85% [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]], 0.96% [[Ethnic Malays|Malays]], [[Indo people|Indo]] and others 7.06%.<ref name="ETHNICITY">{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-percentage-of-population-in-Jakarta-according-to-the-major-ethnic-group-2010_fig1_323524160|title=The percentage of population in Jakarta according to the major ethnic group (2010)|access-date=14 September 2013}}</ref>{{not in source|date=May 2025}}
[[File:Baju Demang Betawi.png|thumb|170px|[[Betawi people|Betawi]] is the native ethnic group in Jakarta]]
The '[[Betawi people|Betawi]]' ({{lang|id|Orang Betawi}}, or 'people of Batavia') are immigrant descendants of the old city who became widely recognised as an ethnic group by the mid-19th century. They mostly descend from an eclectic mix of Southeast Asians brought or attracted to meet labour needs.<ref>These cement the pluralism in ethnic and national identities found in contemporary Jakarta;{{harvnb|Knörr|2007|p=263}}</ref> They are thus a Creole ethnic group who came from much of Indonesia. Over generations, most have intermarried with one or more ethnicities, especially people of Chinese, Arab, and European descent.{{sfn|Sáenz|Embrick|Rodriguez|2015|p=?}} Most Betawis lived in the fringe zones with few Betawi-majority zones of central Jakarta.{{sfn|Iyer|2001|p=23}} It is thus a conundrum for some first generation Betawi people, especially multi-generational Jakarta residents, to identify as either their parents' ethnicity or Betawi since living in a Betawi-majority district and speaking more of that creole and adapting is a matter of preference for such families.

A significant [[Chinese Indonesian|Chinese]] community has lived in Jakarta for many centuries. They traditionally reside around old urban areas, such as [[Pinangsia]], [[Pantai Indah Kapuk|PIK]], [[Pluit]] and [[Glodok]] (Jakarta's Chinatown) areas. They also can be found in the old [[Chinatown]]s of [[Senen]] and [[Jatinegara]]. As of 2001 they self-identified as being 5.5% of the population, which was thought of as under-reported;<ref>{{cite news |last=Johnston |first=Tim |title=Chinese diaspora: Indonesia |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4312805.stm |url-status=live |publisher=BBC News |date=3 March 2005 |access-date=30 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223170116/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4312805.stm |archive-date=23 December 2007}}</ref> this explains the 6.6% figure ten years later.

The Sumatran residents are diverse. According to the 2020 census, roughly 361,000 [[Batak]]; 300,960 [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]] and 101,370 [[Ethnic Malays|Malays]] lived in the city. The number of Batak people has grown in ranking, from eighth in 1930 to fifth in 2000. [[Toba Batak people|Toba Batak]] is the largest subset in Jakarta.{{sfn|Reid|2010|p=170}} Working Minangkabau in the 1980s in high proportions were well-embedded merchants, artisans, doctors, teachers or journalists.<ref>Board of Editors, Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography, 1987</ref>{{sfn|Naim|1971|p=115-131}} [[Minangkabau businesspeople|Minang merchants]] are found in traditional markets, such as Tanah Abang and Senen.{{sfn|Adya|2022|p=125}}

===Language===
{{see also|Betawi language|Indonesian slang}}
[[File:Bahasa Betawi.jpg|thumb|[[Betawi language]], a [[Malay language|Malay]] [[Creole language|creole]] born in [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]].]]
[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] is the official and dominant language of Jakarta, while many elderly people speak [[Dutch language|Dutch]] or [[Chinese language|Chinese]], depending on their upbringing. [[English language|English]] is used for communication, especially in Central and South Jakarta.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/26/world/asia/26indo.html |title=As English Spreads, Indonesians Fear for Their Language |newspaper=The New York Times |date=26 July 2010 |access-date=11 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811160323/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/26/world/asia/26indo.html |archive-date=11 August 2019 |url-status=live|last1=Onishi |first1=Norimitsu }}</ref> Each of the ethnic groups uses their mother tongue at home, such as [[Betawi language|Betawi]], [[Javanese language|Javanese]], and [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]]. The [[Betawi language]] is distinct from those of the [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] or [[Javanese people|Javanese]], forming itself as a [[language island]] in the surrounding area. It is mostly based on the East [[Old Malay|Malay]] dialect and enriched by [[loan word]]s from [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]], [[Javanese language|Javanese]], [[Hokkien language|Chinese]], and [[Arabic]]. Over time, many Betawi words and phrases became integrated into Indonesian as Jakartan [[slang]] and are used by most people regardless of their ethnic background. It is now popular not only in Jakarta, but all over Indonesia.

The Chinese in Jakarta mainly speak Indonesian and English due to a strict language ban during the [[Soeharto]] [[New Order (Indonesia)|New Order]] era; older people may be fluent in [[Hokkien dialect]] and [[Mandarin language|Mandarin]], meanwhile the younger generation are fluent in Indonesian and English, some educated in Mandarin. With the recent urbanisation of Chinese communities from several rural areas in Indonesia, other Chinese dialects have been brought into the Chinese community in Jakarta, such as [[Hakka language|Hakka]], [[Teochew language|Teochew]] and [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]]. [[Hokkien]], which is mainly from Sumatra ([[Medan]], [[Bagansiapiapi]], [[Batam]]) is mostly spoken in Northern Jakarta, such as in [[Pantai Indah Kapuk]], [[Pluit]], and [[Kelapa Gading]], meanwhile Hakka and Teochew, which are derived from the Chinese communities in [[Pontianak]] and [[Singkawang]], are mainly spoken in West Jakarta, like in [[Tambora, Jakarta|Tambora]] and [[Grogol Petamburan]]. The Batak in Jakarta mostly speak Indonesian, while the older generation tend to speak their native languages, such as [[Batak language|Batak Toba]], [[Mandailing language|Mandailing]], and [[Karo language (Indonesia)|Karo]], depending on which ancestral towns and places in [[North Sumatra]] they came from. The Minangkabau mainly speak [[Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]] together with Indonesian.

===Education===
{{see also|List of universities in Indonesia|List of schools in Indonesia}}
[[File:Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.JPG|thumb|[[University of Indonesia]] (UI) campus, formerly used by [[STOVIA]]]]

Jakarta is home to numerous educational institutions. The [[University of Indonesia]] (UI) is the largest and oldest tertiary-level educational institution in Indonesia. It is a public institution with campuses in Salemba (Central Jakarta) and in [[Depok]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ui.ac.id/en/profile/page/overview |title=Profile &#124; Universitas Indonesia |publisher=Ui.ac.id |access-date=27 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419010540/http://www.ui.ac.id/en/profile/page/overview |archive-date=19 April 2010}}</ref> The three other public universities in Jakarta are [[Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta]], the [[State University of Jakarta]] (UNJ),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.unj.ac.id/ |title=State University of Jakarta |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917075024/http://unj.ac.id/ |archive-date=17 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> University of Pembangunan Nasional 'Veteran' Jakarta (UPN "Veteran" Jakarta),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.upnvj.ac.id/id.html |title=University of Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004090012/http://www.upnvj.ac.id/id.html |archive-date=4 October 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> and Universitas Terbuka or [[Indonesia Open University]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jakarta.ut.ac.id |title=Universitas Terbuka Jakarta}}</ref> There is a vocational higher education, [[Jakarta State Polytechnic]]. Some major private universities in Jakarta are [[Trisakti University]], [[The Christian University of Indonesia]], [[Mercu Buana University]], [[Tarumanagara University]], [[Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia]], [[Pelita Harapan University]], Pertamina University,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://universitaspertamina.ac.id/ |title=Pertamina University |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004055400/http://universitaspertamina.ac.id/ |archive-date=4 October 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Bina Nusantara University]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://binus.ac.id/ |title=Bina Nusantara University |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004055400/http://binus.ac.id/ |archive-date=4 October 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Jayabaya University,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jayabaya.ac.id/ |title=Jayabaya University |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004085730/http://www.jayabaya.ac.id/ |archive-date=4 October 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Persada Indonesia "YAI" University,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://upi-yai.ac.id// |title=Persada Indonesia "YAI" University |access-date=5 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105135752/https://upi-yai.ac.id/ |archive-date=5 November 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> and Pancasila University.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.univpancasila.ac.id/ |title=Pancasila University |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004135658/http://www.univpancasila.ac.id/ |archive-date=4 October 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[STOVIA]] (''School tot Opleiding van Indische Artsen'' (School for Education of Native Physicians), now University of Indonesia) was the first college in Jakarta, established in 1851.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.majalah-farmacia.com/rubrik/one_news_print.asp?IDNews=754 |title=Print Artikel |publisher=Majalah-farmacia.com |access-date=27 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714022424/http://www.majalah-farmacia.com/rubrik/one_news_print.asp?IDNews=754 |archive-date=14 July 2011}}</ref> Jakarta houses many students from around Indonesia, many of whom reside in dormitories or home-stay residences. For basic education, a variety of primary and secondary schools are available, tagged with the public (''national''), private (''national and bi-lingual national plus''), and ''international'' labels. Four of the major international schools are the [[British School Jakarta]], [[Gandhi Memorial Intercontinental School]], IPEKA Integrated Christian School,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iics.sch.id/ |title=IPEKA International Christian School |access-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011224053/http://www.iics.sch.id/ |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[Jakarta Intercultural School]]. Other international schools in [[Jakarta metropolitan area]] include the [[ACG School Jakarta]], [[AIS Indonesia|Australian Independent School]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ais-indonesia.com/ |title=Welcome to Australian International School Indonesia |publisher=Ais-indonesia.com |access-date=14 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303191008/http://www.ais-indonesia.com/ |archive-date=3 March 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Bina Bangsa School]], [[German School Jakarta|Deutsche Schule Jakarta]], [[Global Jaya School]], [[Jakarta Indonesia Korean School]], [[Jakarta Japanese School]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jjs.or.id/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211219150400/https://www.jjs.or.id/ |url-status=live |archive-date=19 December 2021 |title=赤道直下の国 インドネシアで 仲間とともに 思いっきり学ぶ |publisher=jjs.or.id |access-date=2 January 2022}}</ref> Jakarta Multicultural School,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jimsch.org/ |title=Jakarta International Multicultural School |publisher=Jimsch.org |access-date=14 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222010630/http://jimsch.org/ |archive-date=22 February 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Jakarta Taipei School]], [[LIFE School Jakarta|Lycée français de Jakarta]], [[New Zealand School Jakarta]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nzis.net/ |title=Welcome to New Zealand International School |publisher=Nzis.net |access-date=14 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216070318/http://nzis.net/ |archive-date=16 February 2013 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> [[North Jakarta Intercultural School]], [[Sekolah Pelita Harapan]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sph.edu/sph_edu/menu/index.php |archive-url=https://archive.today/20091020172648/http://www.sph.edu/sph_edu/menu/index.php |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 October 2009 |title=Sekolah Pelita Harapan |publisher=Sph.edu |access-date=14 March 2011}}</ref> and [[Singapore International School, Indonesia|Singapore Intercultural School]].
{{Clear}}

===Religion===
[[File:Religious affiliation map of Jakarta by rukun tetangga (2024).png|thumb|220px|Map of {{lang|id|[[rukun tetangga]]}} in Jakarta, Indonesia, coloured by the plurality/majority religious affiliation in the {{lang|id|rukun tetangga}} and what percentage of citizens it represents]]
In 2024, Jakarta's religious composition was distributed over [[Islam]] (83.83%), [[Protestantism]] (8.6%), [[Catholicism]] (3.9%), [[Buddhism]] (3.46%), [[Hinduism]] (0.18%), [[Confucianism]] (0.017%), and about 0.013% of population claimed to follow folk religions.<ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama|title=Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Religious Affairs]]|date=31 August 2022|access-date=29 October 2023|language=id}}</ref>

Most {{lang|id|[[pesantren]]}} (Islamic boarding schools) in Jakarta are affiliated with the traditionalist [[Nahdlatul Ulama]],<ref>Pemerintah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Ensiklopedi Jakarta: Culture & Heritage, Vol. 1, Dinas Kebudayaan dan Permuseuman, 2005</ref> modernist organisations mostly catering to a socioeconomic class of educated urban elites and merchant traders. They give priority to education, social welfare programs, and religious propagation.{{sfn|Porter|2002|p=39}} Many Islamic organisations have headquarters in Jakarta, including [[Nahdlatul Ulama]], [[Indonesian Ulema Council]], [[Muhammadiyah]], [[Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah]], and [[Jaringan Islam Liberal]].

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Jakarta (June 2024)<ref name="RELIGION"/>
|titlebar=
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|DarkGreen|83.83}}
{{bar percent|[[Protestanism]]|DarkBlue|8.6}}
{{bar percent|[[Catholicism]]|Purple|3.9}}
{{Bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|Gold|3.46}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|DarkOrange|0.18}}
{{bar percent|[[Confucianism]]|Red|0.017}}
{{bar percent|Others|Gray|0.013}}
}}
The [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] community has a [[Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)|Metropolis]], the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Jakarta|Archdiocese of Jakarta]] that includes [[West Java]] and Banten provinces as part of the ecclesiastical province. Jakarta also hosts the largest [[Buddhist]] adherents in [[Java]], where most of the followers are [[Chinese Indonesian|Chinese]]. [[Schools of Buddhism]] practised in Indonesia vary, including [[Theravāda]], [[Mahāyāna]], [[Vajrayana]], and [[Three Teachings|Tridharma]]. The city also has [[Hindu|a Hindu]] community, which mainly are [[Balinese people|Balinese]] and [[Indian Indonesians|Indian]] people. There is also a [[Sikhism|Sikh]] and [[Baháʼí Faith]] community presence in Jakarta.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bahá'í International Community |url=https://www.bic.org/offices/jakarta |date=21 April 2015 |access-date=2 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003014602/https://www.bic.org/offices/jakarta |archive-date=3 October 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
{{clear}}
{{Gallery |align=center |width=150 |height=150 |title=Notable places of worship
|File:Grand Istiqlal Mosque (cropped).jpg|[[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta|Istiqlal Mosque]] is the largest [[mosque]] in Southeast Asia
|File:Jakarta Indonesia Immanuel-Church-01.jpg|[[Immanuel Church, Jakarta|Immanuel Church]] is a [[Protestantism|Protestant]] church in Jakarta, It is considered one of the [[List of church buildings in Indonesia|oldest churches in Indonesia]]
|File:Katedral Jakarta (cropped).jpg|The [[St. Mary of the Assumption Cathedral, Jakarta|Jakarta Cathedral]], one of the oldest [[Catholic]] churches in Jakarta
|File:Pura Aditya Jaya 1.jpg|Aditya Jaya [[Balinese temple|Hindu temple]] with [[Balinese architecture]], East Jakarta
|File:Jakarta Murugan Temple.jpg| [[Shri Sanathana Dharma Aalayam]], the largest [[Dravidian architecture|Dravidian]] Hindu temple in Indonesia located in West Jakarta
|File:Vihara Jakarta Dhammacakka Jaya.jpg|[[Vihāra]] Jakarta Dhammacakka Jaya, the first [[Theravāda]] Buddhist temple in Jakarta
|File:Klenteng Jin De Yuan, Glodok, Jakarta (cropped) 3.jpg|[[Kim Tek Ie Temple|Kim Tek Ie]], the oldest Confucian-Taoist-[[Mahāyāna]] Buddhist ([[Three teachings|Tridharma]]) temple in West Jakarta
|File:Gurdwara Pasar Baru - Sawah Besar, Jakarta Pusat, JK (26 Februari 2024).jpg|Sikh Gurdwara Temple in [[Pasar Baru]], Central Jakarta
}}