Editing Intravenous therapy (section)

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{{anchor|Hypodermic needle}}<!-- This section is linked from [[Heroin]] -->
In some countries, non-prescription intravenous glucose is used to improve a person's energy, but is not a part of routine medical care in countries such as the United States where glucose solutions are prescription drugs.<ref name=NYT /> Improperly administered intravenous glucose (called "ringer" {{citation needed|date=January 2024}}), such as that which is administered clandestinely in store-front clinics, poses increased risks due to improper technique and oversight.<ref name=NYT>{{cite news|author1=Jiha Ham|title=A Life Upended After an IV Glucose Treatment Popular Among Asian Immigrants|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/21/nyregion/despite-warnings-asian-immigrants-rely-on-glucose-injections-as-a-cure-for-ailments.html|access-date=March 21, 2015|work=The New York Times|date=March 20, 2015|quote=Although many doctors warn Asian immigrants in New York that the effects of injecting glucose differ little from drinking sugary water, many Asians, especially of older generations, still use the intravenous solution. In their homelands, it is commonly prescribed by doctors as a method to cure colds, fevers and sometimes an upset stomach.}}</ref> Intravenous access is also sometimes used outside of a medical setting for the self-administration of recreational drugs, such as [[heroin]] and [[fentanyl]], cocaine, methamphetamine, DMT, and others.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Han |first1=Y |last2=Yan |first2=W |last3=Zheng |first3=Y |last4=Khan |first4=MZ |last5=Yuan |first5=K |last6=Lu |first6=L |title=The rising crisis of illicit fentanyl use, overdose, and potential therapeutic strategies. |journal=Translational Psychiatry |date=11 November 2019 |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=282 |doi=10.1038/s41398-019-0625-0 |pmid=31712552|pmc=6848196 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Intravenous therapy is also used for veterinary patient management.<ref name=Fluid-Therapy>{{cite book|first5=Anda|first4=Jiwoong|first3=Page|first2=Julien|first1=Edward|last5=Young|last4=Her|last3=Yaxley|last2=Guillaumin|last1=Cooper|title=Small Animal Fluid Therapy|year=2022 |isbn=978-1-78924-338-3|id={{isbn|978-1-78924-339-0}}. {{isbn|978-1-78924-340-6}}|url=https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/9781789243406.0000|publisher=[[Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International|CABI]] (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International)|doi=10.1079/9781789243406.0000 |s2cid=251612116 }}</ref>