Editing Hybrid vehicle (section)

===Hybrid electric-petroleum vehicles===
[[File:Hybrid-bus.jpg|thumb|Hybrid [[New Flyer]] [[Metrobus (Washington, D.C.)|Metrobus]]]]
[[File:Arriva North West and Wales 655.jpg|thumb|Hybrid [[Optare Solo]]]]
{{Main|Hybrid electric vehicle}}

When the term ''hybrid vehicle'' is used, it most often refers to a [[Hybrid electric vehicle]]. These encompass such vehicles as the [[Saturn Vue]], [[Toyota Prius]], [[Toyota Yaris]], [[Toyota Camry Hybrid]], [[Ford Escape Hybrid]], [[Ford Fusion Hybrid]], [[Toyota Kluger#Hybrid|Toyota Highlander Hybrid]], [[Honda Insight]], [[Honda Civic Hybrid]], [[Lexus RX 400h]], and [[Lexus RX 450h|450h]], [[Hyundai Ioniq Hybrid]], [[Hyundai Sonata Hybrid]], [[Hyundai Elantra Hybrid]], [[Kia Sportage Hybrid]], [[Kia Niro Hybrid]], [[Kia Sorento Hybrid]] and others. A petroleum-electric hybrid most commonly uses [[internal combustion]] engines (using a variety of fuels, generally gasoline or [[Diesel engine]]s) and [[electric motors]] to power the vehicle. The energy is stored in the fuel of the internal combustion engine and an [[electric battery|electric battery set]]. There are many [[Hybrid Vehicle Drivetrains|types of petroleum-electric hybrid drivetrains]], from '''Full hybrid''' to [[Mild hybrid]], which offer varying advantages and disadvantages.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://automobiles.honda.com/tools/calculators/mileage_calculator.asp?ModelNa,e=Civic%20Hybrid#|title=Fuel Saving Calculator}}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

William H. Patton filed a patent application for a gasoline-electric hybrid rail-car propulsion system in early 1889, and for a similar hybrid boat propulsion system in mid 1889.<ref>{{cite patent |url= https://www.google.com/patents/US409116 |inventor=Patton, W. H. |title=Motor for Street Cars |country=US |number=409116 |gdate=1889-08-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite patent |url= https://www.google.com/patents/US424817 |inventor=Patton, W. H. |title=Boat |country=US |number=424817 |gdate=1890-04-01}}</ref> There is no evidence that his hybrid boat met with any success, but he built a prototype hybrid [[tram]] and sold a small [[hybrid locomotive]].<ref>{{cite journal |url={{google book|id=QoZNAAAAYAAJ|page=513|plain-url=yes}} |title=The Patton Motor |journal=The Street Railway Journal |volume=VII |number=10 |pages=513–514 |date=October 1891}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=The Patton Motor Car |url={{google book|id=H0c_AQAAMAAJ|page=PA524|plain-url=yes}} |journal=English Mechanic and World of Science |page=524 |number=1713 |date=1898-01-21}}</ref>

In 1899, [[Pieper|Henri Pieper]] developed the world's first petro-electric [[Hybrid vehicle drivetrain|hybrid]] automobile. In 1900, [[Ferdinand Porsche]] developed a [[Series hybrid|series-hybrid]] using two [[wheel hub motor|motor-in-wheel-hub arrangements]] with an internal combustion generator set providing the electric power; Porsche's hybrid set two-speed records.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}}
While liquid fuel/electric hybrids date back to the late 19th century, the braking regenerative hybrid was invented by David Arthurs, an electrical engineer from Springdale, Arkansas, in 1978–79. His home-converted Opel GT was reported to return as much as 75&nbsp;mpg with plans still sold to this original design, and the "Mother Earth News" modified version on their website.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.motherearthnews.com/Green-Transportation/1979-07-01/An-Amazing-75-MPG-Hybrid-Electic-Car.aspx |title=Electric Car Conversion: The Amazing 75-MPG Hybrid Car |first=Robert W. |last=Marshall |work=Mother Earth News |location=US |date=July 1979 |access-date=2012-04-18 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090508163051/http://www.motherearthnews.com/Green-Transportation/1979-07-01/An-Amazing-75-MPG-Hybrid-Electic-Car.aspx |archive-date=2009-05-08}}</ref>

The plug-in-electric-vehicle (PEV) is becoming more and more common. It has the range needed in locations where there are wide gaps with no services. The batteries can be plugged into house (mains) electricity for charging, as well being charged while the engine is running.