Editing Hope (section)

== In literature ==
[[File:Opened up a Pandora's box.jpg|thumb|Engraving of [[Pandora]] trying to close the box that she had opened out of [[curiosity]]. At left, the evils of the world taunt her as they escape. The engraving is based on a painting by [[Frederick Stuart Church|F. S. Church]].]]
{{quote|text=Hope is the thing with feathers that perches in the soul and sings the tune without the words and never stops at all.|author=[[Emily Dickinson]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sparknotes.com/poetry/dickinson/section2.rhtml|title=SparkNotes: Dickinson's Poetry: " 'Hope' is the thing with feathers—..."}}</ref>}}
A classic reference to hope which has entered modern language is the concept that "Hope springs eternal" taken from [[Alexander Pope]]'s ''Essay on Man'', the phrase reading "Hope springs eternal in the human breast, Man never is, but always ''to be'' blest:"<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8pEAAAAYAAJ&q=Essays%20on%20Man%2C%20Pope&pg=PA11 |title=An essay on man – Alexander Pope – Google Boeken |access-date=2012-10-02|year=1811 |last1=Pope |first1=Alexander }}</ref> Another popular reference, "Hope is the thing with feathers," is from a poem by [[Emily Dickinson]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bartleby.com/113/1032.html|first=Emily|last=Dickinson|title=Hope is the thing with feathers|access-date=2012-10-02}}</ref>

Hope can be used as an artistic plot device and is often a motivating force for change in dynamic characters. A commonly understood reference from western popular culture is the subtitle "[[Star Wars (film)|A New Hope]]" from the original first installment (now considered Episode IV) in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' science fiction [[space opera]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076759/|title="A New Hope" – Star Wars|publisher=IMDb.com|access-date=2012-10-02}}</ref> The subtitle refers to one of the lead characters, [[Luke Skywalker]], who is expected in the future to allow good to triumph over evil within the plot of the films.

The [[Swallow (bird)|swallow]] has been a symbol of hope, in [[Aesop's fables]] and numerous other historic literature.<ref>Christos A. Zafiropoulos (2001), Ethics in Aesop's Fables: The Augustana Collection, {{ISBN|978-9004118676}}, Brill Academic, page 61</ref> It symbolizes hope, in part because it is among the first birds to appear at the end of winter and the start of spring.<ref>Hope B. Werness (2006), The Continuum Encyclopedia of Animal Symbolism in Art, {{ISBN|978-0826419132}}, page 395</ref> Other symbols of hope include the [[anchor]]<ref>M. Ferber, ''A Dictionary of Literary Symbolism'' (2007) 'Anchor'</ref> and the [[dove]].<ref>J. Matthews, ''The Grail Tradition'' (2011) p. 67</ref>

[[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]] took a contrarian but coherent view of hope:-

{{quote|text=... Zeus did not wish man, however much he might be tormented by the other evils, to fling away his life, but to go on letting himself be tormented again and again. Therefore he gives Man hope,—in reality it is the worst of all evils, because it prolongs the torments of Man.|author=[[Friedrich Nietzsche]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Pessimism/comments/e0nf7q/nietzsche_on_the_last_evil_to_leave_pandoras_box/|title=Human, All Too Human (1878)|date=23 November 2019 }}</ref>}}