Editing History of Croatia (section)

=== Anti-Court struggles period ===
{{See also|Bloody Sabor of Križevci|Venetian Dalmatia}}
[[File:Burg Vrana Pagano.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|A 16th century depiction of [[Priory of Vrana|Vrana monastery]], seat of [[John of Palisna]].]]

After king Louis The Great died in 1382, the Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia descended into a period of destructive [[War of succession|dynastic struggles]] called The Anti-Court movement. The struggle was waged between two factions, one of which was centered around late king's daughter [[Mary, Queen of Hungary|Mary]], her mother [[Elizabeth of Bosnia|queen Elizabeth]], and her fiancé [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund of Luxemburg]]. The faction which opposed them was a coalition of Croatian nobility which supported [[Charles III of Naples|Charles of Durazzo]] to become a new king of Hungary and Croatia.<ref>Macan, 63</ref> This faction consisted of powerful [[John of Palisna]], and [[John Horvat|Horvat brothers]], who opposed the idea of being ruled by a female and, secondly, of being ruled by Sigismund of Luxemburg whom they considered alien.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Klaić |first=Vjekoslav |title=Povijest Hrvata |publisher=Matica hrvatska |year=1988 |volume=II |pages=244}}</ref> As alternative, they arranged for [[Charles III of Naples|Charles of Durazzo]] to come to Croatia and crowned him as new king of Hungary-Croatia in [[Székesfehérvár|Szekezfehervar]] in December 1385. Charles' opponents - queen Elizabeth and princess Mary, responded by organizing Charles' assassination in [[Buda]] in February 1386.<ref>Povijest Hrvata Vol 2, 256-257</ref> Enraged anti-court supporters then retaliated by making an ambush for two queens near Gorjani in July 1386, where their escort was eliminated and both queens were taken to captivity in [[Novigrad Castle]] near [[Zadar]].<ref>Povijest Hrvata Vol 2, 258-261</ref> Once in Novigrad, queen Elizabeth was strangled to death, but her daughter Mary was eventually rescued by her fiancé Sigismund.<ref>Povijest Hrvata Vol 2, 258-268</ref>[[File:Novigrad Croatia.jpg|thumb|250x250px|[[Novigrad Castle]], near [[Zadar]] was a place where anti-court supporters held queens Mary and Elizabeth in captivity. [[Velebit|Velebit mountain]] can be seen in castle's background.  ]]
In 1387, Sigismund of Luxemburg crowned himself a new king of Hungary-Croatia. In following period he too became engaged in power struggle against opposing Croatian and Bosnian nobility in order to assert his rule over the realm. In 1396, Sigismund organized a crusade against the expanding Ottomans which culminated in [[Battle of Nicopolis]]. When the battle ended, it was unclear whether Sigismund got out alive or not, so [[Stephen II Lackfi]] proclaimed [[Ladislaus of Naples]] a new king of Hungary-Croatia. When Sigismund, nonetheless did returned to Croatia, he summoned [[Bloody Sabor of Križevci|diet in Križevci in 1397]], where he confronted his adversaries and eliminated them.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Sigismund Luksemburgovac |url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/sigismund-luksemburgovac |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=www.enciklopedija.hr}}</ref> Sigismund was again forced fight for the control, but by 1403 entire southern Croatia and Dalmatian cities defected to [[Ladislaus of Naples]].<ref name=":7" /> Sigismund eventually managed to crush anti-court movement by winning [[1408 Battle of Dobor]] in Bosnia.<ref name=":7" />  Since [[anti-king]] Ladislaus lost hope of prevailing in struggle against Sigismund, he sold all his nominal possessions in Dalmatia to [[Republic of Venice]] for 100 000 [[Ducat]]s in 1409.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ladislav Napuljski |url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/ladislav-napuljski |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=www.enciklopedija.hr}}</ref> The Venetians asserted their control over most of Dalmatia by 1428.<ref name="frucht422">Frucht 2005, p. 422-423</ref> The rule of Venice over most of Dalmatia continued on for nearly four centuries ({{circa}} 1420–1797) until the end of [[Republic of Venice|The Republic]] by [[Treaty of Campo Formio]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Campoformio |url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/campoformio |access-date=2023-04-08 |website=www.enciklopedija.hr}}</ref> Another long term consequence of Anti-Court struggles was arrival of Ottomans to neighbouring [[Kingdom of Bosnia]] at the invite of powerful Bosnian duke [[Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić]] to help him fight against forces of king Sigismund.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hrvatinić, Hrvoje Vukčić |url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/hrvatinic-hrvoje-vukcic |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=www.enciklopedija.hr}}</ref> The Ottomans gradually strengthened their influence in Bosnia until finally completely conquering the kingdom in 1463.