Editing Historicism (section)

===Marxism===
[[Western Marxism|Western Marxists]] such as [[Karl Korsch]], [[Antonio Gramsci]] and the early [[Georg Lukacs]] emphasise the roots of Marx's thought in Hegel. They interpret Marxism as a historically relativist philosophy, which views ideas (including Marxist theory) as products of the historical epochs that create them.<ref name="McLellan1">{{cite encyclopedia |last=McLellan |first=David| author-link=David McLellan (political scientist) |editor1-last=Bottomore |editor1-first=Tom |editor1-link=Tom Bottomore |editor2-last=Harris |editor2-first=Laurence | editor3-last=Kiernan |editor3-first=V.G. | editor3-link=V. G. Kiernan | editor4-last=Miliband |editor4-first=Ralph |editor4-link=Ralph Miliband |encyclopedia=The Dictionary of Marxist Thought |title=Historicism | date=1991 | edition= Second | publisher=Blackwell Publishers Ltd. | isbn=0-631-16481-2 | pages=239}}</ref> In this view, Marxism is not an objective social science, but rather a theoretical expression of the [[class consciousness]] of the [[proletariat|working class]] within a historical process. This understanding of Marxism is strongly criticised by the [[structural Marxist]] [[Louis Althusser]],<ref name="McLellan1" /><ref name="Althusser">{{cite book |last1=Althusser |first1=Louis |last2=Balibar |first2=Etienne |date=1970 |title=Lire le Capital |trans-title=Reading Capital |language=fr |publisher=New Left Books |isbn=0-902308-56-4 | pages=119–45}}</ref> who affirms that Marxism is an objective science, autonomous from interests of society and class. Marxism is, therefore, often associated with deterministic claims of future historical development, but these are not structural parts of Marxism as a style of critique which requires distinction between various critical registers, which at once develops an understanding of broad historical-geographical tensions without prophesying a specific outcome.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wacquant |first=Loic J. D. |date=1985 |title=Heuristic Models in Marxian Theory |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2578970 |journal=Social Forces |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=17–45 |doi=10.2307/2578970 |jstor=2578970 |issn=0037-7732}}</ref>