Editing Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan (section)

===Redevelopment and second wave of gentrification===
[[File:8th Avenue looking northeast from 42nd Street.jpg|thumb|upright|Looking north on 8th Avenue from 42nd Street]]
Hell's Kitchen has become an increasingly upscale neighborhood of affluent young professionals as well as residents from the "old days",<ref>Berger, Joseph.[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/19/nyregion/19hell.html "Hell's Kitchen, Swept Out and Remodeled"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731131659/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/19/nyregion/19hell.html |date=July 31, 2015 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 19, 2006. Accessed December 1, 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mercedeshouseny.com/blog/hells-kitchen-nycs-gentrified-yet-homey-neighborhood/ |title=Hell's Kitchen: NYC's gentrified, yet homey neighborhood |publisher=Mercedeshouseny.com |access-date=May 6, 2014 |archive-date=May 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506172434/http://www.mercedeshouseny.com/blog/hells-kitchen-nycs-gentrified-yet-homey-neighborhood/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Critchlow |first=Katharine |url=https://www.newyork.com/articles/neighborhoods/hells-kitchen-44364/ |title=Hell's Kitchen – April 29, 2013 |publisher=NewYork.com |date=April 29, 2013 |access-date=May 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506181402/https://www.newyork.com/articles/neighborhoods/hells-kitchen-44364/ |archive-date=May 6, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> with rents in the neighborhood having increased dramatically above the average in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manhattan Rental Market Report |url=http://www.mns.com/manhattan_rental_market_report#midtown-west |date=April 2014 |access-date=May 29, 2014 |archive-date=July 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702160849/http://www.mns.com/manhattan_rental_market_report#midtown-west |url-status=live }}</ref> It has also acquired a large and diverse community as residents have moved north from [[Chelsea, Manhattan|Chelsea]]. [[Zoning in the United States|Zoning]] has long restricted the extension of [[Midtown Manhattan]]'s skyscraper development into Hell's Kitchen, at least north of 42nd Street.<ref>Joseph J. Varga, ''Hell's Kitchen and the Battle for Urban Space: Class Struggle and Progressive Reform in New York City, 1894–1914.'' New York: Monthly Review Press, 2013.</ref>

In 1989, the [[David Childs]]- and [[Frank Williams (architect)|Frank Williams]]-designed [[One Worldwide Plaza|Worldwide Plaza]] established a beachhead when it was built at the former [[Madison Square Garden (1925)|Madison Square Garden]] site, a full city block between 49th and 50th Streets and between Eighth and Ninth Avenues that was exempt from special district zoning rules. This project led a real-estate building boom on Eighth Avenue, including the [[Hearst Tower (Manhattan)|Hearst Tower]] at 56th Street and Eighth Avenue.

An indication of how fast real estate prices rose in the neighborhood was a 2004 transaction involving the [[Howard Johnson's]] Motel at 52nd Street and Eighth Avenue. In June, Vikram Chatwal's Hampshire Hotel Group bought the motel and adjoining Studio Instrument Rental building for $9 million. In August, they sold the property to [[El-Ad Group|Elad Properties]] for about $43 million. Elad, which formerly owned the [[Plaza Hotel]], built The Link, a luxury 44-story building, at that location.<ref>{{cite web |title=Developments |url=https://www.eladgroup.com/NewDevelopments.htm |publisher=EL AD Group |access-date=25 July 2020 |archive-date=September 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918104015/https://www.eladgroup.com/NewDevelopments.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Silverstein Properties]] and Greenwood Gaming & Entertainment are bidding for a downstate New York casino license and hope to develop a resort and casino in the neighborhood if they secure a license. They have proposed The Avenir, which would be a resort with 1,000 hotel rooms, an eight story casino and a 1,000 seat performance venue. 100 affordable housing units would also be built.<ref>{{cite news |last=Short |first=Aaron |date=February 10, 2025 |url=https://www.cityandstateny.com/policy/2025/02/breaking-down-every-2025-new-york-casino-licenses-bid/402815/ |title=Breaking down every 2025 New York casino license bid |work=City & State New York |access-date=February 19, 2025}}</ref>

====Hudson Yards====
{{main article|Hudson Yards, Manhattan}}

In 2003, the [[New York City Department of City Planning]] issued a master plan that envisioned the creation of {{cvt|40,000,000|ft2|m2}} of commercial and residential development, two corridors of open space.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hudson Yards Master Plan: Preferred Direction |url=http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/plans/hudson-yards/prefdir.pdf |date=February 2003 |publisher=New York City Department of City Planning |access-date=August 10, 2009 |archive-date=February 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228022559/http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/plans/hudson-yards/prefdir.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Dubbed the Hudson Yards Master Plan, the area covered is bordered on the east by Seventh and Eighth Avenues, on the south by West 28th and 30th Streets, on the north by West 43rd Street, and on the west by [[Hudson River Park]] and the [[Hudson River]]. The City's plan was similar to a neighborhood plan produced by architect Meta Brunzema and environmental planner Daniel Gutman for the Hell's Kitchen Neighborhood Association (HKNA). The main concept of the HKNA plan was to allow major new development while protecting the existing residential core area between Ninth and Tenth avenues.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/mancb4/downloads/pdf/hkna_plan_executive_summary_(3).pdf |title=HKNA plan summary |access-date=August 23, 2017 |archive-date=February 8, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208154051/http://www.nyc.gov/html/mancb4/downloads/pdf/hkna_plan_executive_summary_(3).pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160422042404/http://www.home.earthlink.net/~hkna2/ Full HKNA Plan]</ref>

As plans developed, they included a mixed-use real estate development by [[Related Companies]] and [[Oxford Properties]] over the MTA's [[West Side Yard]];<ref name="engadget">{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/05/07/hudson-yards-smart-neighborhood/ |title=New York's next big neighborhood is its smartest |author=Volpe, Joseph |date=May 7, 2014 |work=[[Engadget]] |access-date=May 9, 2014 |archive-date=May 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508005336/http://www.engadget.com/2014/05/07/hudson-yards-smart-neighborhood/ |url-status=live }}</ref> a renovation of the [[Javits Center|Javits Convention Center]];<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/08/nyregion/cuomo-announces-1-billion-expansion-for-javits-center.html |title=Cuomo Announces $1 Billion Expansion for Javits Center |last=Bagli |first=Charles V. |date=January 7, 2016 |work=The New York Times |access-date=January 22, 2020 |archive-date=July 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713124338/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/08/nyregion/cuomo-announces-1-billion-expansion-for-javits-center.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[7 Subway Extension]] to the [[34th Street–Hudson Yards (IRT Flushing Line)|34th Street–Hudson Yards]] station at [[34th Street (Manhattan)|34th Street]] and [[Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)|11th Avenue]], which opened on September 13, 2015.<ref name="nyt20150913" /><ref name="wsj20150913" /> The first phase of the Related project, completed in March 2019, comprises [[The Shops & Restaurants at Hudson Yards]], a public space centered around the [[Vessel (structure)|''Vessel'']] structure, [[The Shed (arts center)|the Shed]] arts center, and several skyscrapers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Highly-Anticipated Hudson Yards Development Officially Opens To The Public |website=CBS New York |date=March 15, 2019 |url=https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2019/03/15/hudson-yards-grand-opening/ |access-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-date=April 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402221701/https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2019/03/15/hudson-yards-grand-opening/ |url-status=live }}</ref> By the 2010s, the neighborhood had become home to young [[Wall Street]] financiers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-03/wall-street-comes-to-hell-s-kitchen-with-ackman-s-office-project |title=Wall Street Comes to Hell's Kitchen With Ackman's Office Project |last=Levitt |first=David M. |date=August 3, 2018 |website=Bloomberg.com |access-date=December 27, 2019 |archive-date=April 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416011746/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-03/wall-street-comes-to-hell-s-kitchen-with-ackman-s-office-project |url-status=live }}</ref>