Editing Hebrew alphabet (section)

====Sounds represented with diacritic geresh====
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2025}}

{{main|Geresh|Hebraization of English}}

The sounds {{IPAblink|t͡ʃ}}, {{IPAblink|d͡ʒ}}, {{IPAblink|ʒ}}, written ⟨{{Script/Hebrew|צ׳}}⟩, ⟨{{Script/Hebrew|ג׳}}⟩, ⟨{{Script/Hebrew|ז׳}}⟩, and {{IPAblink|w}}, non-standardly sometimes transliterated ⟨{{Script/Hebrew|וו}}⟩, are often found in slang and loanwords that are part of the everyday Hebrew colloquial vocabulary. The symbol resembling an apostrophe after the Hebrew letter modifies the pronunciation of the letter and is called a ''[[geresh]]''.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!! colspan=7 | Hebrew slang and loanwords
|-
!!| Name
!!| Symbol
!!| [[Help:IPA chart for Hebrew|IPA]]
!!| [[Transliteration]]
!! colspan=3 | Example
|-
| align=center | Gimel with a geresh
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|ג׳}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|d͡ʒ}}
| style="text-align:center;"| ǧ<ref name=foreign_sounds/>
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Jachnun|'''ǧ'''áḥnun]] || {{IPA|[ˈd͡ʒaχnun]}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{Script/Hebrew|גַּ׳חְנוּן}}
|-
| align=center | Zayin with a geresh
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|ז׳}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|ʒ}}
| style="text-align:center;"| ž<ref name=foreign_sounds/>
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Collage|kolá'''ž''']] || {{IPA|[koˈlaʒ]}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{Script/Hebrew|קוֹלַאז׳}}
|-
| align=center | Tsadi with a geresh
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|צ׳}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|t͡ʃ}}
| style="text-align:center;"| č<ref name=foreign_sounds/>
| style="text-align:left;"| '''č'''upár (treat) || {{IPA|[t͡ʃuˈpar]}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{Script/Hebrew|צ׳וּפָּר}}
|-
| align=center | Vav with a geresh<br />or double Vav
| align=center| <span style="font-size:200%;">{{Script/Hebrew|וו}}</span> or <span style="font-size:200%;">{{Script/Hebrew|ו׳}}</span> <small>(non standard)</small>{{ref label|Double_Vav|}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|w}}
| style="text-align:center;"| w
| style="text-align:left;"| a'''w'''ánta (boastful act) || {{IPA|[aˈwanta]}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{Script/Hebrew|אַוַונְטַה}}
|}

The pronunciation of the following letters can also be modified with the geresh diacritic. The represented sounds are however foreign to [[Modern Hebrew phonology|Hebrew phonology]], i.e., these symbols mainly represent sounds in foreign words or names when transliterated with the Hebrew alphabet, and not [[loanword]]s.

{| class="wikitable"
!! colspan=7 | Transliteration of non-native sounds
|-
!!| Name
!!| Symbol
!!| [[Help:IPA chart for Hebrew|IPA]]
!!| [[Arabic alphabet|Arabic letter]]
!! colspan=2 | Example
! Comment
|-
| align=center | Dalet with a geresh
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|ד׳}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|ð}}
| align=center | ''[[Ḏāl|{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Dhāl}}]]'' ({{Script/Arabic|ذ}}) <br />[[Voice (phonetics)|Voiced]] th
| style="text-align:left;"| ''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|'''Dh'''ū al-Ḥijjah}}'' ({{lang|ar|ذو الحجة}})&lrm;
| style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|ד׳ו אל־חיג׳ה}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{blist|Also used for English voiced "th"|Often a simple {{Script/Hebrew|ד}} is written.}}
|-
| align=center | Tav with a geresh
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|ת׳}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|θ}}
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Ṯāʼ|{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Thāʼ}}]]'' ({{Script/Arabic|ﺙ}})<br />[[Voiceless]] th
| style="text-align:left;"| '''Th'''urston
| style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|ת׳רסטון}}
|-
| align=center | Chet with a geresh
| align=center style="font-size:200%;"| {{Script/Hebrew|ח׳}}
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|χ}}
| align=center | ''[[Ḫāʾ|{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Khāʼ}}]]'' ({{Script/Arabic|خ}})
| style="text-align:left;"| Shei'''kh''' ({{lang|ar|شيخ}})&lrm;
| style="text-align:right;"| <span dir="rtl">{{lang|he|שייח׳}}</span>
| style="text-align:left;"| Unlike the other sounds in this table, the sound {{IPAblink|χ}} represented by {{Script/Hebrew|ח׳}} is indeed a native sound in Hebrew; the geresh is however used only when transliteration must distinguish between {{IPAblink|χ}} and {{IPAblink|ħ}}, in which case {{Script/Hebrew|ח׳}} transliterates the former and ח the latter, whereas in everyday usage ח without geresh is pronounced {{IPAblink|ħ}} only dialectically but {{IPAblink|χ}} commonly.
|-
| align=center | Ayin with a geresh<br />''or''<br />Resh with a geresh
| align=center "| <span style="font-size:200%;>{{Script/Hebrew|ע׳}}</span><br />''or''<br /><span style="font-size:200%;">{{Script/Hebrew|ר׳}}</span>
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPAblink|ʁ}}
| align=center | ''[[Ġayn|{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Ghayn}}]]'' ({{script/Arabic|غ}})
| style="text-align:left;"| ''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|'''Gh'''ajar}}'' ({{lang|ar|غجر}});<br />''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|'''Gh'''alib}}'' ({{lang|ar|غالب}})
| style="text-align:right;"| {{lang|he|rtl=yes|ע׳ג׳ר}}<br />{{lang|he|rtl=yes|ר׳אלב}}
| style="text-align:left;"| The guidelines specified by the Academy of the Hebrew Language prefer Resh with a geresh ({{script/Hebrew|ר׳}}); however, this guideline is not universally followed
|}

''Geresh'' is also used to denote an abbreviation consisting of a single Hebrew letter, while ''gershayim'' (a doubled ''geresh'') are used to denote [[acronym]]s pronounced as a string of letters; ''geresh'' and ''gershayim'' are also used to denote [[Hebrew numeral]]s consisting of a single Hebrew letter or of multiple Hebrew letters, respectively.  Geresh is also the name of a cantillation mark used for [[Torah]] recitation, though its visual appearance and function are different in that context.