Editing Halloween (section)

==Haunted attractions==
{{Main|Haunted attraction (simulated)}}
[[File:Ura and ima.jpg|thumb|Humorous [[Headstone|tombstones]] in front of a house in California]]
[[File:US Utah Ogden 25th Street Halloween 2019.ogv|thumb|Humorous display window in [[Historic 25th Street]], [[Ogden, Utah]]]]

Haunted attractions are entertainment venues designed to thrill and scare patrons. Most attractions are seasonal Halloween businesses that may include [[Haunted attraction (simulated)#Types of haunted attractions|haunted houses]], [[corn maze]]s, and [[hayride]]s,<ref name="hvmag">{{cite web |url=http://www.hvmag.com/Hudson-Valley-Magazine/October-2008/A-Model-of-Mayhem/ |title=A Model of Mayhem |access-date=6 October 2008 |author=Greg Ryan |date=17 September 2008 |work=Hudson Valley Magazine |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511195707/http://www.hvmag.com/Hudson-Valley-Magazine/October-2008/A-Model-of-Mayhem/ |archive-date=11 May 2011 }}</ref> and the level of sophistication of the effects has risen as the industry has grown.

The first recorded purpose-built haunted attraction was the Orton and Spooner Ghost House, which opened in 1915 in [[Liphook]], England. This attraction actually most closely resembles a carnival fun house, powered by steam.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcbayarea.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/The-History-of-Haunted-Houses-How-Fears-Have-Fueled-an-Industry-280063892.html |title=The History of Haunted Houses: A Fight for Frights as Tastes Change |first=Adam |last=Warner |date=27 October 2014 |website=NBC Bay Area |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027203902/http://www.nbcbayarea.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/The-History-of-Haunted-Houses-How-Fears-Have-Fueled-an-Industry-280063892.html |archive-date=27 October 2014 |url-status=dead |access-date=21 July 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.americahaunts.com/ah/2014/03/the-history-of-haunted-houses/ |title=The History of Haunted Houses! |first=Bekah |last=McKendry |date=March 2014 |website=America Haunts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308075305/http://www.americahaunts.com/ah/2014/03/the-history-of-haunted-houses/ |archive-date=8 March 2014 |url-status=dead |access-date=21 July 2014 }}</ref> The House still exists, in the [[Hollycombe Steam Collection]].

It was during the 1930s, about the same time as [[trick-or-treating]], that Halloween-themed haunted houses first began to appear in America. It was in the late 1950s that haunted houses as a major attraction began to appear, focusing first on California. Sponsored by the Children's Health Home Junior Auxiliary, the San Mateo Haunted House opened in 1957. The San Bernardino Assistance League Haunted House opened in 1958. Home haunts began appearing across the country during 1962 and 1963. In 1964, the San Manteo Haunted House opened, as well as the Children's Museum Haunted House in Indianapolis.<ref name=LisaMorton>{{cite book |last1=Morton |first1=Lisa |author-link1=Lisa Morton |date=28 September 2012 |title=Trick or Treat: A History of Halloween |type=paperback |location=United Kingdom |publisher=Reaktion Books |isbn=978-1-78023-047-4}}</ref>

The haunted house as an American cultural icon can be attributed to the opening of [[The Haunted Mansion]] in [[Disneyland]] on 12 August 1969.<ref>{{cite book |first=Jason |last=Surrell |author-link=Jason Surrell |date=11 August 2009 |title=Haunted Mansion: From The Magic Kingdom To The Movies |type=paperback |publisher=Disney Editions |isbn=978-1-4231-1895-4 }}</ref> [[Knott's Berry Farm]] began hosting its own Halloween night attraction, [[Knott's Scary Farm]], which opened in 1973.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.insidethemagic.net/2016/09/review-knotts-scary-farm-remains-the-ideal-southern-california-halloween-theme-park-event-for-the-2016-season/ |title=Knott's Scary Farm remains the ideal Southern California Halloween theme park event for the 2016 season |first=Mike |last=Celestino |date=28 September 2016 |website=Inside The Magic |publisher=Distant Creations Group, LLC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160930164337/http://www.insidethemagic.net/2016/09/review-knotts-scary-farm-remains-the-ideal-southern-california-halloween-theme-park-event-for-the-2016-season/ |archive-date=30 September 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=22 July 2017 }}</ref> Evangelical Christians adopted a form of these attractions by opening one of the first "hell houses" in 1972.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2014/10/30/these-evangelical-haunted-houses-are-designed-to-show-sinners-that-theyre-going-to-hell/ |title=These evangelical haunted houses are designed to show sinners that they're going to hell |first=Kathryn Gin |last=Lum |date=30 October 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031144940/https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2014/10/30/these-evangelical-haunted-houses-are-designed-to-show-sinners-that-theyre-going-to-hell/ |archive-date=31 October 2014 |url-status=live |access-date=22 July 2017}}</ref>

The first Halloween haunted house run by a nonprofit organization was produced in 1970 by the Sycamore-Deer Park [[United States Junior Chamber|Jaycees]] in [[Clifton, Cincinnati|Clifton, Ohio]]. It was cosponsored by [[WSAI]], an AM radio station broadcasting out of [[Cincinnati]], Ohio. It was last produced in 1982.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.houseofdoom.net/vintage |title=Classic Haunts From Cincinnati's Past |author=<!-- Staff writers --> |year=2012 |website=House of Doom |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425130229/http://www.houseofdoom.net/vintage |archive-date=25 April 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=8 August 2017 }}</ref> Other Jaycees followed suit with their own versions after the success of the Ohio house. The [[March of Dimes]] copyrighted a "Mini haunted house for the March of Dimes" in 1976 and began fundraising through their local chapters by conducting haunted houses soon after. Although they apparently quit supporting this type of event nationally sometime in the 1980s, some March of Dimes haunted houses have persisted until today.<ref>{{cite journal |title=A757914 |url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=_kshAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.PA1701 |journal=Catalog of Copyright Entries |series=Third Series |date=July–December 1976 |volume=30 |page=xliii |issn=0041-7815 |access-date=22 July 2017 |archive-date=31 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031081823/https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=_kshAQAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&pg=GBS.PA1701 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On the evening of 11 May 1984, in Jackson Township, New Jersey, the [[Haunted Castle (Six Flags Great Adventure)|Haunted Castle]] at Six Flags Great Adventure caught fire. As a result of the fire, eight teenagers perished.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/05/19/nyregion/blaze-fatal-to-8-linked-to-lighter.html |title=Blaze Fatal to 8 Linked to Lighter |work=The New York Times |date=19 May 1984 |access-date=20 November 2006 |first=Lindsey |last=Gruson |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501161201/http://www.nytimes.com/1984/05/19/nyregion/blaze-fatal-to-8-linked-to-lighter.html |archive-date=1 May 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> The backlash to the tragedy was a tightening of regulations relating to safety, building codes and the frequency of inspections of attractions nationwide. The smaller venues, especially the nonprofit attractions, were unable to compete financially, and the better funded commercial enterprises filled the vacuum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.femoranfp.com/fires-in-history-haunted-castle/ |title=Fires in History: The Haunted Castle|access-date=9 August 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325224708/http://www.femoranfp.com/fires-in-history-haunted-castle/ |archive-date=25 March 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/05/12/8-killed-by-smoky-fire-in-parks-haunted-castle/19dd0404-29a6-4c73-a156-370621228c87/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813145408/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/05/12/8-killed-by-smoky-fire-in-parks-haunted-castle/19dd0404-29a6-4c73-a156-370621228c87/|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 August 2017|title=8 Killed by Smoky Fire in Park's 'Haunted Castle'|date=12 May 1984|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> Facilities that were once able to avoid regulation because they were considered to be temporary installations now had to adhere to the stricter codes required of permanent attractions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nfpa.org/news-and-research/publications/nfpa-journal/2014/may-june-2014/features/the-haunted-castle-revisited|title=The Haunted Castle, Revisited – NFPA Journal|publisher=nfpa.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813181603/http://www.nfpa.org/news-and-research/publications/nfpa-journal/2014/may-june-2014/features/the-haunted-castle-revisited|archive-date=13 August 2017|access-date=9 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nfpa.org/news-and-research/publications/nfpa-journal/2014/may-june-2014/features/the-haunted-castle-revisited/spooky-and-safe|title=Spooky and Safe|publisher=nfpa.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813145912/http://www.nfpa.org/news-and-research/publications/nfpa-journal/2014/may-june-2014/features/the-haunted-castle-revisited/spooky-and-safe|archive-date=13 August 2017|access-date=9 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fireengineering.com/content/dam/fe/online-articles/documents/2014/FE081984HauntedCastleFire.pdf |title=Horror in a Haunted Castle |access-date=29 September 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215194802/http://www.fireengineering.com/content/dam/fe/online-articles/documents/2014/FE081984HauntedCastleFire.pdf |archive-date=15 February 2015 }}</ref>

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, theme parks became a notable figure in the Halloween business. [[Six Flags Fright Fest]] began in 1986 and [[Universal Studios Florida]] began [[Halloween Horror Nights]] in 1991. [[Knott's Scary Farm]] experienced a surge in attendance in the 1990s as a result of America's obsession with Halloween as a cultural event. Theme parks have played a major role in globalizing the holiday. [[Universal Studios Singapore]] and [[Universal Studios Japan]] both participate, while Disney now mounts [[Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party]] events at its parks in Paris, Hong Kong and Tokyo, as well as in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/26/movies/at-universal-orlando-halloween-fright-is-a-full-time-job.html|title= The Real Scare Is Not Being Scary|last= Barnes|first= Brooks|date= 25 October 2011|newspaper= The New York Times|access-date= 12 July 2017|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170730000332/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/26/movies/at-universal-orlando-halloween-fright-is-a-full-time-job.html|archive-date= 30 July 2017|df= dmy-all}}</ref> The theme park haunts are by far the largest, both in scale and attendance.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.aol.com/article/finance/2014/10/23/halloween-is-raking-in-scary-profits-for-theme-parks/20982309/|title= Halloween Is Raking in Scary Profits for Theme Parks|last= Munarriz|first= Rick Aristotle|date= 23 October 2014|publisher= AOL.com/Finance|access-date= 3 November 2017|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171107013349/https://www.aol.com/article/finance/2014/10/23/halloween-is-raking-in-scary-profits-for-theme-parks/20982309/|archive-date= 7 November 2017|df= dmy-all}}</ref>