Editing Graffiti (section)

=== Middle East ===
Graffiti in the [[Middle East]] has emerged slowly, with taggers operating in [[Egypt]], [[Lebanon]], the [[Arab states of the Persian Gulf|Gulf countries]] like [[Bahrain]] or the [[United Arab Emirates]],<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Zoghbi|first1=Pascal|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/818463305|title=Arabic graffiti = Ghirāfītī ʻArabīyah|last2=Stone|last3=Hawley|first3=Joy|date=2013|publisher=From Here to Fame|isbn=978-3-937946-45-0|location=Berlin|oclc=818463305}}</ref> [[Israel]], and in [[Iran]]. The major Iranian newspaper ''[[Hamshahri]]'' has published two articles on illegal writers in the city with photographic coverage of Iranian artist [[A1one]]'s works on Tehran walls. Tokyo-based design magazine, ''PingMag'', has interviewed A1one and featured photographs of his work.<ref name=pinmag>{{cite web|url=http://www.pingmag.jp/2007/01/19/a1one-1st-generation-graffiti-in-iran |author=Uleshka |title=A1one: 1st generation Graffiti in Iran |publisher=PingMag |date=19 January 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080222030338/http://www.pingmag.jp/2007/01/19/a1one-1st-generation-graffiti-in-iran/ |archive-date=22 February 2008 }}</ref> The [[Israeli West Bank barrier]] has become a site for graffiti, reminiscent in this sense of the [[Berlin Wall]]. Many writers in Israel come from other places around the globe, such as JUIF from Los Angeles and DEVIONE from London. The religious reference "נ נח נחמ נחמן מאומן" ("[[Na Nach Nachma Nachman Meuman]]") is commonly seen in graffiti around Israel.
[[File:Graffiti in Tel Aviv, Israel.jpg|thumb|A graffiti piece by the artist DeDe found in [[Tel Aviv]]]]

Graffiti has played an important role within the [[street art]] scene in the Middle East and North Africa ([[MENA]]), especially following the events of the [[Arab Spring]] of 2011 or the [[Sudanese Revolution]] of 2018/19.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bashir's Overthrow Inspires Sudan Graffiti Artists|url=https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/1695246/bashirs-overthrow-inspires-sudan-graffiti-artists|access-date=2021-06-29|website=Asharq AL-awsat|language=en}}</ref> Graffiti is a tool of expression in the context of conflict in the region, allowing people to raise their voices politically and socially. Famous street artist [[Banksy]] has had an important effect in the street art scene in the MENA area, especially in [[Palestine]] where some of his works are located in the [[Israeli West Bank barrier|West Bank barrier]] and [[Bethlehem]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=DeTruk|first=Sabrina|date=2015|title=The "Banksy Effect" and Street Art in the Middle East|url=https://journals.ap2.pt/index.php/sauc/article/view/25|journal=SAUC – Street Art & Urban Creativity Scientific Journal|volume=1|issue=2|pages=22–30}}</ref>