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=== Extension to negative, non-integer values === Although the main definition of the gamma function—the Euler integral of the second kind—is only valid (on the real axis) for positive arguments, its domain can be extended with [[analytic continuation]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Oldham |first1=Keith |last2=Myland |first2=Jan |last3=Spanier |first3=Jerome |title=An Atlas of Functions |date=2010 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |location=Ch 43 |isbn=9780387488073 |edition=2}}</ref> to negative arguments by shifting the negative argument to positive values by using either the Euler's reflection formula, <math display="block"> \Gamma(-x) = \frac{1}{\Gamma(x+1)}\frac{\pi}{\sin\big(\pi(x+1)\big)}, </math> or the fundamental property, <math display="block"> \Gamma(-x):=\frac1{-x}\Gamma(-x+1) , </math> when <math>x\not\in\mathbb{Z}</math>. For example, <math display="block"> \Gamma\left(-\frac12\right)=-2\Gamma\left(\frac12\right) . </math>
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