Editing French Canadians (section)

====Elsewhere in Canada====

The emphasis on the French language and Quebec autonomy means that French speakers across Canada may now self-identify as ''québécois(e)'', ''acadien(ne)'', or ''Franco-canadien(ne)'', or as provincial linguistic minorities such as ''Franco-manitobain(e)'', ''Franco-ontarien(ne)'' or ''fransaskois(e)''.<ref>{{cite web
 | last = Churchill
 | first = Stacy
 | publisher = Council of Europe, Language Policy Division
 | year = 2003
 | title = Language Education, Canadian Civic Identity, and the Identity of Canadians
 | pages = 8–11
 | url = http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/Source/ChurchillEN.pdf
 | quote = French speakers usually refer to their own identities with adjectives such as québécoise, acadienne, or franco-canadienne, or by some term referring to a provincial linguistic minority such as franco-manitobaine, franco-ontarienne or fransaskoise.
 | access-date = May 5, 2008
 | archive-date = October 30, 2021
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211030173323/https://www.coe.int/en/web/language-policy/home
 | url-status = live
 }}</ref> Education, health and social services are provided by provincial institutions, so that provincial identities are often used to identify French-language institutions:
[[File:Ontario French Ability 2021.svg|thumb|Map of French language ability in Ontario according to the 2021 census.]]
*[[Franco-Newfoundlander]]s, province of [[Newfoundland and Labrador]], also known as Terre-Neuvien(ne)
*[[Franco-Ontarian]]s, province of [[Ontario]], also referred to as Ontarien(ne)
*[[Franco-Manitoban]]s, province of [[Manitoba]], also referred to as Manitobain(e)
*[[Fransaskois]], province of [[Saskatchewan]], also referred to Saskois(e)
*[[Franco-Albertan]]s, province of [[Alberta]], also referred to Albertain(e)
*[[Franco-Columbian]]s, province of [[British Columbia]] mostly live in the [[Vancouver]] metro area; also referred to as Franco-Colombien(ne)
*[[Franco-Yukonnais]], territory of [[Yukon]], also referred to as Yukonais(e)
*[[Franco-Ténois]], territory of [[Northwest Territories]], also referred to as Ténois(e)
*[[Franco-Nunavois]], territory of [[Nunavut]], also referred to as Nunavois(e)

[[Acadians]] residing in the provinces of [[New Brunswick]], [[Prince Edward Island]] and [[Nova Scotia]] represent a distinct ethnic [[Acadian French|French-speaking]] culture. This group's culture and history evolved separately from the French Canadian culture, at a time when the Maritime Provinces were ''not'' part of what was referred to as Canada, and are consequently considered a distinct culture from French Canadians.

[[Brayon]]s in [[Madawaska County, New Brunswick|Madawaska County]], [[New Brunswick]] and [[Aroostook County, Maine|Aroostook County]], [[Maine]] may be identified with either the Acadians or the Québécois, or considered a distinct group in their own right, by different sources.

French Canadians outside Quebec are more likely to self-identify as "French Canadian". Identification with provincial groupings varies from province to province, with Franco-Ontarians, for example, using their provincial label far more frequently than Franco-Columbians do. Few identify ''only'' with the provincial groupings, explicitly rejecting "French Canadian" as an identity label. A population genetics ancestry study claims that for those French Canadians who trace their ancestry to the French founder population, a significant percentage, 53-78% have at least one indigenous ancestor.<ref>{{cite journal|title= Native American Admixture in the Quebec Founder Population |date=2013 |pmc=3680396 |last1=Moreau |first1=C. |last2=Lefebvre |first2=J. F. |last3=Jomphe |first3=M. |last4=Bhérer |first4=C. |last5=Ruiz-Linares |first5=A. |last6=Vézina |first6=H. |last7=Roy-Gagnon |first7=M. H. |last8=Labuda |first8=D. |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=8 |issue=6 |pages=e65507 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0065507 |pmid=23776491 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2013PLoSO...865507M }}</ref>