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====Terminology==== Aiming to emphasize the distinction between the bacterial flagella and the eukaryotic cilia and flagella, some authors attempted to replace the name of these two eukaryotic structures with "[[undulipodium|undulipodia]]" (e.g., all papers by [[Lynn Margulis|Margulis]] since the 1970s)<ref name="pmid14657097">{{cite journal |last1=Taylor |first1=F J R Max |title=The collapse of the two-kingdom system, the rise of protistology and the founding of the International Society for Evolutionary Protistology (ISEP) |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |date=1 November 2003 |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=1707–1714 |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.02587-0 | pmid = 14657097 |doi-access=free}}</ref> or "cilia" for both (e.g., Hülsmann, 1992;<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hülsmann |first1=Norbert |title=Undulipodium: End of a useless discussion |journal=European Journal of Protistology |date=August 1992 |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=253–257 |doi=10.1016/s0932-4739(11)80231-2 | pmid = 23195228}}</ref> Adl et al., 2012;<ref name = "Adl_2012">{{cite journal |last1=Adl |first1=Sina M. |last2=Simpson |first2=Alastair G. B. |last3=Lane |first3=Christopher E. |last4=Lukeš |first4=Julius |last5=Bass |first5=David |last6=Bowser |first6=Samuel S. |last7=Brown |first7=Matthew W. |last8=Burki |first8=Fabien |last9=Dunthorn |first9=Micah |last10=Hampl |first10=Vladimir |last11=Heiss |first11=Aaron |last12=Hoppenrath |first12=Mona |last13=Lara |first13=Enrique |last14=le Gall |first14=Line |last15=Lynn |first15=Denis H. |last16=McManus |first16=Hilary |last17=Mitchell |first17=Edward A. D. |last18=Mozley-Stanridge |first18=Sharon E. |last19=Parfrey |first19=Laura W. |last20=Pawlowski |first20=Jan |last21=Rueckert |first21=Sonja |last22=Shadwick |first22=Laura |last23=Schoch |first23=Conrad L. |last24=Smirnov |first24=Alexey |last25=Spiegel |first25=Frederick W. |title=The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes |journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology |date=September 2012 |volume=59 |issue=5 |pages=429–514 |doi=10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x | pmid = 23020233 | pmc = 3483872}}</ref> most papers of [[Cavalier-Smith]]), preserving "flagella" for the bacterial structure. However, the discriminative usage of the terms "cilia" and "flagella" for eukaryotes adopted in this article (see {{section link||Flagella versus cilia}} below) is still common (e.g., Andersen et al., 1991;<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Andersen |first1=R. A. |last2=Barr |first2=D. J. S. |last3=Lynn |first3=D. H. |last4=Melkonian |first4=M. |last5=Moestrup |first5=Ø. |last6=Sleigh |first6=M. A. |title=Terminology and nomenclature of the cytoskeletal elements associated with the flagellar/ciliary apparatus in protists |journal=Protoplasma |date=February 1991 |volume=164 |issue=1–3 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1007/bf01320809 |bibcode=1991Prpls.164....1A |s2cid=40755371}}</ref> Leadbeater et al., 2000).<ref>{{cite book |editor1-first=Barry S. C. |editor1-last=Leadbeater |editor2-first=John C. |editor2-last=Green |title=Flagellates: Unity, Diversity and Evolution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GURZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 |date=2000 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |isbn=978-1-4822-6822-5 |series=The Systematics Association Special Volume |volume=59}}</ref>
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