Editing Ferrari (section)

== Road cars ==
{{Hatnote|For a complete list, including future and concept car models, see [[List of Ferrari road cars]].}}
{{More citations needed section|date=September 2023}}
{{Overly detailed|section|date=September 2023}}
[[File:1947 Ferrari 166 Inter Touring Berlinetta 0043S - fvl.jpg|thumb|[[Ferrari 166 Inter|166 Inter]] Touring Berlinetta]]

The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the [[Ferrari 125 S|125 S]]. Only two of this small two-seat sports/racing V12 car were made. In 1949, the [[Ferrari 166 Inter|166 Inter]] was introduced marking the company's significant move into the grand touring road car market. The first 166 Inter was a four-seat (2+2) [[berlinetta]] coupe with body work designed by [[Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera]]. Road cars quickly became the bulk of Ferrari sales. The early Ferrari road cars typically featured bodywork designed and customised by independent [[coachbuilder]]s such as [[Vignale]], [[Carrozzeria Touring|Touring]], [[Ghia]], [[Pininfarina]], [[Carrozzeria Scaglietti|Scaglietti]] and [[Gruppo Bertone|Bertone]].

The original Ferrari road cars were typically two-seat front-engined V12s. This platform served Ferrari well through the 1950s and 1960s. In 1967, the V6 powered [[Dino 206 GT and 246 GT|Dino 206 GT]] was introduced as the first production rear mid-engined car built by Ferrari. The 206 GT was sold under the lower cost [[Dino (marque)|Dino]] marque, named after Enzo Ferrari's late son, and sold in greater numbers than any previous Ferrari model. The first rear mid-engine model to be sold under the Ferrari name came in 1973 with the [[Flat-12 engine|flat 12]] powered [[Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer|Berlinetta Boxer]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Mid-Engine Bloodline |url=https://www.ferrari.com/%20magazine/articles/60-years-of-mid-engine-masterpieces-bloodline |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en}}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> This rear mid-engine layout would go on to be used in many Ferraris continuing into the present day. Current Ferrari road cars typically use V8 or V12 engines, with V8 models making up over half of the marque's total production. 

For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}

The company has also produced several front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the recent V12 model [[Ferrari GTC4Lusso|Lusso]] and V8 models [[Ferrari Roma|Roma]], [[Ferrari Portofino|Portofino]] and [[Ferrari GTC4Lusso|Lusso T]]. The [[Ferrari California|California]] is credited with initiating the current model line of V8 front-engined 2+2 grand touring performance sports cars.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

Starting in the early 2010s with the [[Ferrari LaFerrari|LaFerrari]], Ferrari shifted its focus away from using independent coachbuilders, including [[Pininfarina]], to instead relying on in-house design from the Centro Stile Ferrari for the design of all its road cars. The [[Ferrari F12]] was the last Ferrari production model to feature Pininfarina design, although Ferrari has stated that they will continue to collaborate with Pininfarina on special projects.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Perkins |first=Chris |title=Ferrari No Longer Sells a Car Designed by Pininfarina |work=Road & Track |date=16 February 2017 |url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/car-design/news/a32659/ferrari-pininfarina-812-superfast/ |access-date=7 April 2024 |archive-date=28 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128011337/https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/car-design/news/a32659/ferrari-pininfarina-812-superfast/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[Ferrari SF90 Stradale]] is the first-ever Ferrari to feature PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) architecture which sees the internal combustion engine integrated with three electric motors, two of which are independent and located on the front axle, with the third at the rear between the engine and the gearbox.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.engadget.com/2019/05/29/ferrari-sf90-stradale-plug-in-hybrid |title=Ferrari's first production plug-in hybrid is its fastest supercar yet |last=Fingas |first=Jon |work=Engadget |access-date=29 May 2019 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530184847/https://www.engadget.com/2019/05/29/ferrari-sf90-stradale-plug-in-hybrid/ |archive-date=30 May 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February 2025, Ferrari announced that they would be unveiling their first-ever fully electric car in October, "in a unique and innovative way", according to CEO Benedetto Vigna.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davenport |first=Mary |date=2025-02-04 |title=Ferrari to Unveil First Fully Electric Car in October Amid Sales Push |url=https://londoninsider.co.uk/ferrari-to-unveil-first-fully-electric-car-in-october-amid-sales-push/ |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=London Insider |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Current models ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 90%"
|-
! colspan="2" |Model
! Calendar year<br/>introduced
! cellpadding="32px" |Vehicle description
|-
| [[File:Red 2019 Ferrari SF90 Stradale (48264238897) (cropped).jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari SF90 Stradale|SF90 Stradale]]
| 2019
| Mid-engine, [[plug-in hybrid]] [[V8 engine|V8]] sports car.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari Roma IMG 5355.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari Roma|Roma]]
| 2020
| Front mid-engine, [[V8 engine|V8]] grand tourer.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari 296 GTB 1X7A6377.jpg|200x200px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari 296|296]]
| 2022
| Mid-engine, plug-in hybrid [[V6 engine|V6]] sports car.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari Daytona SP3 front side at CF 2022.jpg|200x200px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari Daytona SP3|Daytona SP3]]
| 2022
| Limited production mid-engine [[V12 engine|V12]] sports car, part of the Icona series.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari Purosangue IMG 9554.jpg|199x199px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari Purosangue|Purosangue]]
| 2022
| Ferrari's first SUV, front mid-engine, [[V12 engine|V12]] 4-door vehicle.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari 12Cilindri at Maranello.jpg|200x200px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari 12Cilindri|12Cilindri]]
| 2024
| Front mid-engine, [[V12 engine|V12]] grand tourer. Successor to the 812.
|-
|[[File:FerrariF80 (resized) (cropped).jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Ferrari F80|F80]]
|2024
| [[Hybrid electric vehicle|Hybrid]] [[V6 engine|V6]] sports car, successor to the [[LaFerrari]].
|}

=== Customisation ===
In the 1950s and 1960s, clients often personalized their vehicles as they came straight from the factory.<ref name="Lingeman">{{cite web |url=http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ferrari-offers-tailor-made-program |title=Ferrari-offers-tailor-made-program |last=Lingeman |first=Jake |work=Autoweek |date=5 December 2011 |access-date=12 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812222718/https://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ferrari-offers-tailor-made-program |archive-date=12 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> This philosophy added to the mystique of the brand at the time. Every Ferrari that came out of Maranello could be built to an individual customer's specification.

Ferrari formalized this concept with its earlier Carrozzeria Scaglietti programme. The options offered here were more typical such as racing seats, rearview cameras, and other special trim. In late 2011, Ferrari announced a significant update of this philosophy. The Tailor Made programme allows clients to work with designers in Maranello to make decisions at every step of the process. Through this program almost any trim, any exterior colour or any interior material is possible. The program carries on the original tradition and emphasizes the idea of each car being unique.<ref name="Lingeman"/>

=== Supercars ===
[[File:Ferrari Enzo - Flickr - Alexandre Prévot (1) (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Enzo Ferrari (automobile)|Enzo Ferrari]]]]
Many consider the 1984 [[Ferrari 288 GTO|288 GTO]] the first in the line of Ferrari flagship [[supercar]]s. This pedigree is considered to extend through the [[Ferrari F40|F40]], [[Ferrari F50|F50]], [[Ferrari Enzo|Enzo]], [[LaFerrari]], and the [[Ferrari F80|F80]]. Prior to the unveiling of the F80, Ferrari's sixth supercar, the cars were commonly referred to as the "Big Five."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aquistapace |first=Jordan |date=1 August 2023 |title=Ferrari's 'Big Five' History: 288 GTO, F40, F50, Enzo, LaFerrari For Sale |url=https://news.dupontregistry.com/news/ferrari-big-five-history-for-sale/ |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=duPont REGISTRY News |language=en-US |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407045636/https://news.dupontregistry.com/news/ferrari-big-five-history-for-sale/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hood |first=Bryan |date=14 March 2024 |title=This Collection of 5 Classic Ferraris Is Expected to Fetch $20 Million at Auction |url=https://robbreport.com/motors/cars/big-five-ferrari-collection-auction-spring-1235546746/ |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=Robb Report |language=en-US }}</ref>

=== Concept cars and specials ===
[[File:1980 Ferrari Pinin.jpg|thumb|[[Ferrari Pinin]]]]
Ferrari has produced a handful of [[concept car]]s such as the [[Ferrari Modulo|Modulo]], [[Ferrari Mythos|Mythos]], and [[Ferrari Pinin|Pinin]]. Some of these were quite radical and never intended for production, while others showed styling elements that were later incorporated into production models. Most of Ferrari's concept cars have been collaborations with design studio [[Pininfarina]]. The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 [[Ferrari Millechili|Millechili]].

A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, commissioned to [[coachbuilder]]s by wealthy owners. Examples include the [[Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina|P4/5]]<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2006 |first=Ted |last=West |url=http://www.caranddriver.com/features/pininfarina-ferrari-p4-5-feature |title=Pininfarina Ferrari P4/5 – Feature |work=Car and Driver |access-date=22 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525233504/http://www.caranddriver.com/features/pininfarina-ferrari-p4-5-feature |archive-date=25 May 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[Ferrari 612 Kappa|612 Kappa]].

==== Special Projects programme ====
{{further|List of Ferrari Special Projects cars}}
The Special Projects programme, also called the Portfolio Coachbuilding Program, was launched in 2008 as a way to revive the tradition of past one-off and limited production coachbuilt Ferrari models, allowing clients to work with Ferrari and top Italian coachbuilders to create bespoke bodied models based on modern Ferrari road cars.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SP3JC, two very special Ferrari One-Offs |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/john-collins-ferrari-collector-sp3jc-one-off |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en |quote=often ‘One-Offs’, but not always |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928003223/https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/john-collins-ferrari-collector-sp3jc-one-off |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="autoblog p540">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2009/12/11/ferrari-p540-superfast-aperta-revealed-second-from-special-proj/ |title=Ferrari P540 Superfast Aperta revealed, second from Special Projects program |first=John |last=Neff |website=autoblog.com |date=11 December 2009 |access-date=14 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214111022/http://www.autoblog.com/2009/12/11/ferrari-p540-superfast-aperta-revealed-second-from-special-proj/ |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Engineering and design is done by Ferrari, sometimes in cooperation with external design houses such as [[Pininfarina]] or [[Fioravanti (automotive)|Fioravanti]], and the vehicles receive full [[homologation]] to be road legal.<ref name="autoblog p540" /> Since the creation of Ferrari's in-house styling centre in 2010 though, the focus has shifted away somewhat from outside coachbuilders and more towards creating new in-house designs for clients.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating 10 years of Ferrari One-Off projects |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/celebrating-10-years-ferrari-one-offs |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en |archive-date=26 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726193100/https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/celebrating-10-years-ferrari-one-offs |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferrari SP48 Unica: A new One-Off from Maranello |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/corporate/articles/ferrari-sp48-unica-a-new-one-off-from-maranello |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en |archive-date=26 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726191558/https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/corporate/articles/ferrari-sp48-unica-a-new-one-off-from-maranello |url-status=live }}</ref>

The first car to be completed under this programme was the 2008 [[Ferrari SP1|SP1]], commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second was the [[Ferrari P540 Superfast Aperta|P540 Superfast Aperta]], commissioned by an American collector.<ref name="autoblog p540" />

=== Bio-fuel and hybrid cars ===
An [[Ferrari F430|F430 Spider]] that runs on [[ethanol]] was displayed at the [[Detroit Auto Show#2008|2008 Detroit Auto Show]]. At the [[Geneva Motor Show#2010|2010 Geneva Motor Show]], Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship [[Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano|599]]. Called the "HY-KERS Concept", Ferrari's hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano's 612&nbsp;hp.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.automoblog.net/2010/03/02/the-ferrari-hy-kers-bows-at-geneva/ |title=The Ferrari HY-KERS Bows at Geneva |work=Automoblog |date=2 March 2010 |publisher=Automoblog.net |access-date=31 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422075209/http://www.automoblog.net/2010/03/02/the-ferrari-hy-kers-bows-at-geneva/ |archive-date=22 April 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Also in mid-2014, the flagship [[Ferrari LaFerrari|LaFerrari]] was put into production featuring a hybrid system. Ferrari introduced their first [[Plug-in hybrid|plug-in hybrid (PHEV)]] model in 2019 with the [[Ferrari SF90 Stradale|SF90 Stradale]], followed by the [[Ferrari 296|296]] in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Valdes-Dapena |first=Peter |date=29 May 2019 |title=Ferrari's first plug-in hybrid supercar is also its most powerful {{!}} CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/29/success/ferrari-hybrid/index.html |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=CNN |language=en |archive-date=7 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407041242/https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/29/success/ferrari-hybrid/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>