Editing Esperanto orthography (section)

== Braille, fingerspelling, and Morse code ==
{|class="wikitable floatright"
|+ Esperanto braille alphabet
|- align=center
|{{Braille cell|a}}<br />a
|{{Braille cell|b}}<br />b
|{{Braille cell|c}}<br />c
|{{Braille cell|ĉ}}<br />ĉ
|{{Braille cell|d}}<br />d
|{{Braille cell|e}}<br />e
|{{Braille cell|f}}<br />f
|{{Braille cell|g}}<br />g
|{{Braille cell|ĝ}}<br />ĝ
|{{Braille cell|h}}<br />h
|{{Braille cell|ĥ}}<br />ĥ
|{{Braille cell|i}}<br />i
|{{Braille cell|j}}<br />j
|{{Braille cell|ĵ}}<br />ĵ
|{{Braille cell|k}}<br />k
|{{Braille cell|l}}<br />l
|-
|{{Braille cell|m}}<br />m
|{{Braille cell|n}}<br />n
|{{Braille cell|o}}<br />o
|{{Braille cell|p}}<br />p
|{{Braille cell|r}}<br />r
|{{Braille cell|s}}<br />s
|{{Braille cell|ŝ}}<br />ŝ
|{{Braille cell|t}}<br />t
|{{Braille cell|u}}<br />u
|{{Braille cell|ŭ}}<br />ŭ
|{{Braille cell|v}}<br />v
|{{Braille cell|z}}<br />z
|{{Braille cell|q}}<br />q
|{{Braille cell|⠾}}<br />w
|{{Braille cell|x}}<br />x
|{{Braille cell|y}}<br />y
|}
{{Main|Esperanto Braille|Esperanto manual alphabet}}

Esperanto versions of [[braille]] and [[Morse code]] include the six diacritic letters.

An Esperanto braille magazine, ''Aŭroro,'' has been published since 1920.

{| class="wikitable floatleft"
|+ Esperanto<br />Morse code
|-
| center|Ĉ
| {{morse|dash|dot|dash|dot|dot}}
|-
| Ĝ
| {{morse|dash|dash|dot|dash|dot}}
|-
| Ĥ
| {{morse|dash|dash|dash|dash}}
|-
| Ĵ
| {{morse|dot|dash|dash|dash|dot}}
|-
| Ŝ
| {{morse|dot|dot|dot|dash|dot}}
|-
| Ŭ
| {{morse|dot|dot|dash|dash}}
|}

In Morse code, a dot is added to C and J to derive Ĉ and Ĵ, a dash–dot is added to G and S to derive Ĝ and Ŝ, a dash is added to U to derive Ǔ, and the four dots of H are changed to four dashes for Ĥ. However, users often substitute these novel letters with digraphs ''ch, gh, jh, sh'' etc.<ref name=ILERA>Lenio Marobin, PY3DF (2008) [http://ilerabulteno.googlepages.com/bulteno70.pdf 'Morsa kodo kaj Esperanto – rekolekto de artikoloj iam aperintaj']{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ILERA Bulteno n-o 70, p-o 04.</ref>

[[File:Manalfabeto.png|right|thumbnail|''Signuno'' alphabet]]

There is a proposed [[manual alphabet]] as part of the ''[[Signuno]]'' project. Signuno, as a signed variant of Esperanto, is itself a manual [[logogram|logographic]] Esperanto orthography. The majority of letters of the manual alphabet resemble those of the [[American manual alphabet]], but also of the [[French manual alphabet]] and others. The diacritic letters Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ, Ŭ have their own signs, and J and Z are distinct from other alphabets, as none of the Signuno letters involve motion.<ref>Signuno (2011) [https://signuno.webs.com/ Signuno, la signolingvo por Esperanto kaj Gestuno. Jen la manalfabeto.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205094441/https://signuno.webs.com/ |date=5 February 2021 }}</ref>
Digits are formed by extending the fingers from the index to the pinkie for 1 to 4, from the pinkie to the thumb (keeping the middle finger down) for 6 to 9, and from the thumb to index for 11 and 12; the last two are used for months and hours. Zero is represented by the fist, 5 by the whole hand extended, and 10 as the letter X.<ref>Dr Signuno (2016) ''[https://signuno.webs.com/signuno.pdf Signuno: Signolingvo por Esperanto]'', p. 2.</ref>