Editing Equatorial Guinea (section)

== Geography ==
{{Main|Geography of Equatorial Guinea}}
Equatorial Guinea is on the west coast of [[Central Africa]]. The country consists of a mainland territory, [[Río Muni]], which is bordered by Cameroon to the north and Gabon to the east and south, and five small islands, [[Bioko]], [[Corisco]], [[Annobón]], [[Elobey Chico]] (Small Elobey), and [[Elobey Grande]] (Great Elobey). Bioko, the site of the capital, [[Malabo]], lies about {{convert|40|km|sp=us}} off the coast of Cameroon. Annobón Island is about {{convert|350|km|sp=us}} west-south-west of [[Cape Lopez]] in Gabon. Corisco and the two Elobey islands are in Corisco Bay, on the border of Río Muni and Gabon.

Equatorial Guinea lies between latitudes [[4th parallel north|4°N]] and [[2nd parallel North|2°N]], and longitudes [[5th meridian west|5°]] and [[12th meridian east|12°E]]. Despite its name, no part of the country's territory lies on the equator—it is in the northern hemisphere, except for the insular [[Annobón Province]], which is about {{convert|155|km|abbr=on}} south of the equator.

=== Climate ===
{{Unreferencedsect|date=March 2025}}
[[File:Koppen-Geiger Map GNQ present.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Köppen climate classification]] of Equatorial Guinea]]

Equatorial Guinea has a tropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. From June to August, Río Muni is dry and Bioko wet; from December to February, the reverse occurs. In between it, there is a gradual transition. Rain or mist occurs daily on Annobón, where a cloudless day has never been registered. The temperature at Malabo, Bioko, ranges from {{convert|16|C}} to {{convert|33|C}}, though on the southern Moka Plateau, normal high temperatures are only {{convert|21|C}}. In Río Muni, the average temperature is about {{convert|27|C}}. Annual [[rainfall]] varies from {{convert|1930|mm|abbr=on}} at Malabo to {{convert|10920|mm|abbr=on}} at [[San Antonio de Ureca|Ureka]], Bioko, but Río Muni is somewhat drier.

=== Ecology ===
[[File:Share_Of_Forest_Area_In_Total_Land_Area,_Top_Countries_(2021).svg|thumb|330x330px|Share of forest area in total land area, top countries (2021). Equatorial Guinea has the seventh highest percentage of forest cover in the world.]]
Equatorial Guinea spans several [[ecoregion]]s. Río Muni region lies within the [[Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests]] ecoregion except for patches of [[Central African mangroves]] on the coast, especially in the [[Muni River]] estuary. The [[Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests]] ecoregion covers most of Bioko and the adjacent portions of [[Cameroon]] and [[Nigeria]] on the African mainland, and the [[Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests]] ecoregion covers the highlands of Bioko and nearby [[Mount Cameroon]]. The [[São Tomé, Príncipe, and Annobón moist lowland forests]] ecoregion covers all of Annobón, as well as São Tomé and Príncipe.<ref name="DinersteinOlson2017">{{cite journal|last1=Dinerstein|first1=Eric|author-link1=:de:Eric Dinerstein|last2=Olson|first2=David|last3=Joshi|first3=Anup|last4=Vynne|first4=Carly|last5=Burgess|first5=Neil D.|last6=Wikramanayake|first6=Eric|author-link6=Eric Wikramanayake|last7=Hahn|first7=Nathan|last8=Palminteri|first8=Suzanne|last9=Hedao|first9=Prashant|last10=Noss|first10=Reed|last11=Hansen|author-link10=Reed Noss|first11=Matt|last12=Locke|first12=Harvey|author-link12=Harvey Locke|last13=Ellis|first13=Erle C.|author-link13=Erle Ellis|last14=Jones|first14=Benjamin|last15=Barber|first15=Charles Victor|last16=Hayes|first16=Randy|last17=Kormos|first17=Cyril|last18=Martin|first18=Vance|author-link18=Vance Martin|last19=Crist|first19=Eileen|last20=Secrest|first20=Wes|last21=Price|first21=Lori|last22=Baillie|first22=Jonathan E. M.|last23=Weeden|first23=Don|last24=Suckling|first24=Kierán|author-link24=Kieran Suckling|last25=Davis|first25=Crystal|last26=Sizer|first26=Nigel|last27=Moore|first27=Rebecca|last28=Thau|first28=David|last29=Birch|first29=Tanya|last30=Potapov|first30=Peter|last31=Turubanova|first31=Svetlana|last32=Tyukavina|first32=Alexandra|last33=de Souza|first33=Nadia|last34=Pintea|first34=Lilian|last35=Brito|first35=José C.|last36=Llewellyn|first36=Othman A.|last37=Miller|first37=Anthony G.|last38=Patzelt|first38=Annette|last39=Ghazanfar|first39=Shahina A.|author-link39=Shahina A. Ghazanfar|last40=Timberlate|first40=Jonathan|last41=Klöser|first41=Heinz|last42=Shennan-Farpón|first42=Yara|last43=Kindt|first43=Roeland|last44=Lillesø|first44=Jens-Peter Barnekow|last45=van Breugel|first45=Paulo|last46=Graudal|first46=Lars|last47=Voge|first47=Maianna|last48=Al-Shammari|first48=Khalaf F.|last49=Saleem|first49=Muhammad|display-authors=3|date=5 April 2017|title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm|journal=[[BioScience]]|volume=67|issue=6|pages=534–545; Supplemental material 2 table S1b|doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014|doi-access=free|pmc=5451287|pmid=28608869|issn=0006-3568}}</ref>

The country had a 2018 [[Forest Landscape Integrity Index]] mean score of 7.99/10, ranking it 30th globally out of 172 countries.<ref name="FLII-Supplementary">{{cite journal|last1=Grantham|first1=H. S.|last2=Duncan|first2=A.|last3=Evans|first3=T. D.|last4=Jones|first4=K. R.|last5=Beyer|first5=H. L.|last6=Schuster|first6=R.|last7=Walston|first7=J.|last8=Ray|first8=J. C.|last9=Robinson|first9=J. G.|last10=Callow|first10=M.|last11=Clements|first11=T.|last12=Costa|first12=H. M.|last13=DeGemmis|first13=A.|last14=Elsen|first14=P. R.|last15=Ervin|first15=J.|last16=Franco|first16=P.|last17=Goldman|first17=E.|last18=Goetz|first18=S.|last19=Hansen|first19=A.|last20=Hofsvang|first20=E.|last21=Jantz|first21=P.|last22=Jupiter|first22=S.|last23=Kang|first23=A.|last24=Langhammer|first24=P.|last25=Laurance|first25=W. F.|last26=Lieberman|first26=S.|last27=Linkie|first27=M.|last28=Malhi|first28=Y.|last29=Maxwell|first29=S.|last30=Mendez|first30=M.|last31=Mittermeier|first31=R.|last32=Murray|first32=N. J.|last33=Possingham|first33=H.|last34=Radachowsky|first34=J.|last35=Saatchi|first35=S.|last36=Samper|first36=C.|last37=Silverman|first37=J.|last38=Shapiro|first38=A.|last39=Strassburg|first39=B.|last40=Stevens|first40=T.|last41=Stokes|first41=E.|last42=Taylor|first42=R.|last43=Tear|first43=T.|last44=Tizard|first44=R.|last45=Venter|first45=O.|last46=Visconti|first46=P.|last47=Wang|first47=S.|last48=Watson|first48=J. E. M.|title=Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material|journal=Nature Communications|volume=11|issue=1|year=2020|page=5978|issn=2041-1723|doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|pmid=33293507|pmc=7723057|bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5978G }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" caption="Ecology of Equatorial Guinea">
File:Annobon Island Equatorial Guinea.jpg|[[Annobon]]
File:Islotes Horacio 1.JPG|[[Islote Horacio]]
File:Dschungel bei Oyala.JPG|Near [[Ciudad de la Paz]]
File:Nationalpark Monte Alén.jpg|[[Monte Alén National Park]]
File:The Great Bioko mountain.jpg|[[Pico Basilé]]
</gallery>

==== Wildlife ====
{{Main|Wildlife of Equatorial Guinea}}
Equatorial Guinea is home to [[gorilla]]s, [[chimpanzee]]s, various monkeys, [[leopard]]s, [[African Buffalo|buffalo]], [[antelope]], [[elephant]]s, [[hippopotamus]]es, [[crocodile]]s, and various [[snake]]s, including [[Pythonidae|pythons]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Equatorial-Guinea|title=Equatorial Guinea – Plant and animal life|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|date=29 November 2023|access-date=1 August 2020|archive-date=26 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126031136/https://www.britannica.com/place/Equatorial-Guinea|url-status=live}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" caption="Wildlife of Equatorial Guinea">
File:Dissotis sp Bioko201310.jpg|[[Dissotis]]
File:Soja en Mongomo.png|[[Soybean]]
File:Rhampholeon spectrum 63850438.jpg|[[Spectral pygmy chameleon]]
File:Yellow-billed Turacos in Equatorial Guinea 2006.jpg|[[Yellow-billed turaco]]
File:Gorilla 019.jpg|[[Western gorilla]]
</gallery>

=== Administrative divisions ===
{{Main|Subdivisions of Equatorial Guinea}}
{{Provinces of Equatorial Guinea Image Map}}

Equatorial Guinea is divided into eight [[Provinces of Equatorial Guinea|provinces]].<ref name=statoids>{{cite web |last=Law |first=Gwillim |url=http://www.statoids.com/ugq.html |title=Provinces of Equatorial Guinea |website=Statoids |date=22 March 2016 |access-date=25 September 2017 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010185255/http://www.statoids.com/ugq.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pdge-guineaecuatorial.com/gobierno-inicia-actividades-djibloho/ |title=El Gobierno inicia sus actividades en Djibloho |language=es |publisher=[[PDGE]] |date=7 February 2017 |access-date=25 September 2017 |archive-date=26 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926102956/http://www.pdge-guineaecuatorial.com/gobierno-inicia-actividades-djibloho/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The newest province is [[Djibloho]], created in 2017 with its headquarters at [[Ciudad de la Paz]], the country's future capital.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=9945 |title=La Presidencia de la República sanciona dos nuevas leyes |language=es |date=23 June 2017 |publisher=Equatorial Guinea Press and Information Office |access-date=25 September 2017 |archive-date=25 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625100844/http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=9945 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38911573 |title=Equatorial Guinea government moves to new city in rainforest |date=8 February 2017 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=25 September 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928104720/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38911573 |url-status=live }}</ref> The eight provinces are as follows (numbers correspond to those on the map; provincial capitals appear in parentheses):<ref name=statoids />

# [[Annobón]] ([[San Antonio de Palé]])
# [[Bioko Norte]] ([[Malabo]])
# [[Bioko Sur]] ([[Luba, Equatorial Guinea|Luba]])
# [[Centro Sur]] ([[Evinayong]])
# [[Djibloho]] ([[Ciudad de la Paz]])
# [[Kié-Ntem]] ([[Ebebiyín]])
# [[Litoral (Equatorial Guinea)|Litoral]] ([[Bata, Equatorial Guinea|Bata]])
# [[Wele-Nzas]] ([[Mongomo]])

The provinces are further divided into 19 districts and 37 [[Municipalities of Equatorial Guinea|municipalities]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Law |first=Gwillim |url=http://www.statoids.com/ygq.html |title=Districts of Equatorial Guinea |website=Statoids |date=22 April 2016 |access-date=25 September 2017 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010185256/http://www.statoids.com/ygq.html |url-status=live }}</ref>