Editing Egon Schiele (section)

==Nazi-looted art==
Egon Schiele had among his admirers many Jewish art collectors whose collections were looted under the Nazis: in Germany from 1933, in Austria from the Anschluss of 1938, and in France from the German occupation of 1940.  As a result, numerous restitution cases in the 21st century involve artworks by Schiele.  Egon Schiele's ''[[Dead City III|Dead City]], "Woman in Black Pinafore"'' (1911) and ''"Woman Hiding Her Face"'' (1912) were owned by Jewish cabaret artist and film star [[Fritz Grünbaum]] before the Nazis deported him to the Dachau concentration camp.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Murder, Mystery and Egon Schiele's "Dead City": Presentation by Raymond Dowd, Jewish Museum Berlin, 19.30pm 18 May 2009|url=https://www.lootedart.com/NL6ST1616321|access-date=4 February 2021|website=www.lootedart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=NY Appeals Court Explains Why Nazi-Stolen Paintings Belong With Jewish Collector's Heirs|url=https://www.lootedart.com/news.php?r=TQDVFB923191|access-date=4 February 2021|website=www.lootedart.com}}</ref> ''Krumau'' (1916) was owned by [[Daisy Hellmann]] until it was seized by Nazis in 1942.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Artdaily|title=Sotheby's to Sell Restituted Masterpiece by Egon Schiele|url=https://artdaily.cc/news/4902/Sotheby-s-to-Sell-Restituted-Masterpiece-by-Egon-Schiele|access-date=4 February 2021|website=artdaily.cc|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cases: Krumau, 1916 or 'Städtchen am Fluß' by Egon Schiele: Restitution decision by the City of Linz December 2002|url=https://www.lootedart.com/MISE54775461_print;Y|access-date=4 February 2021|website=www.lootedart.com}}</ref> She first made a restitution claim in 1948 but her heirs were not able to recover the Schiele until 2002: Austria's Nazi looting organization, the [[Vugesta]], had auctioned ''Krumau'' at the ''Dorotheum'' in Vienna on 24–27 February 1942, where the ''Sanct Lucas'' gallery bought it on behalf of [[Wolfgang Gurlitt]]. In 1953, the City of Linz acquired it for the Neue Galerie in Linz.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cases: Krumau, 1916 or 'Städtchen am Fluß' by Egon Schiele: Restitution decision by the City of Linz December 2002 |url= https://www.lootedart.com/MISE54775461_print;Y |access-date= 25 March 2021|website= www.lootedart.com |quote=In late 2002, the City of Linz decided to return the painting 'Krumau, 1916' by Egon Schiele to the heirs of Daisy Hellmann. In June 1948, Daisy Hellmann – then residing in Sao Paolo, Brasil – deposited a claim for the restitution of the Schiele painting 'Krumau, 1916' at the Restitution Commission of the Provincial Court in Graz (Styria). Hellmann had to leave the painting behind when fleeing Vienna in 1938. The Schiele was looted by the Vugesta and put up for auction at the Dorotheum on 24–27 February 1942, where it was bought by the Viennese Sanct Lucas gallery for RM 1,800 on behalf of the art dealer Wolfgang Gurlitt. In 1953, the painting was among the group of works the City of Linz acquired from Gurlitt's collection for the 'Neue Galerie' in Linz.}}</ref> The 1917 painting by Egon Schiele, ''Portrait of the Artist's Wife'' was owned by [[Karl Mayländer]], a Jewish businessman in Vienna who was murdered in [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]]. [[Robin Lehman]], the son of [[Robert Lehman]], bought ''Portrait of the Artist's Wife'' (1917) in 1964 from [[Marlborough Gallery]] in London.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 October 2019|title=Who really owns this Schiele watercolour Portrait of the Artist's Wife?|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2019/10/29/who-really-owns-this-schiele-watercolour-portrait-of-the-artists-wife|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130111516/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2019/10/29/who-really-owns-this-schiele-watercolour-portrait-of-the-artists-wife|archive-date=30 November 2021|access-date=29 January 2022|website=The Art Newspaper - International art news and events}}</ref> ''Four Trees / Autumn Allée'' was owned by [[Josef Morgenstern]] who was arrested and deported to Auschwitz, where he was murdered.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=|title=CASE STUDIES|work=COMMISSION FOR PROVENANCE RESEARCH & ADVISORY BOARD|url=https://www.lootedart.com/web_images/pedf2020/Newsletter_Network_Nr-6_2020-05-1.pdf|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Art Restitution Advisory Council Recommends Restitution of Egon Schiele Painting at the Belvedere|url=https://www.jewishnews.at/in-the-media/2020/3/9/art-restitution-advisory-council-recommends-restitution-of-egon-schiele-painting-at-the-belvedere|access-date=4 February 2021|website=Jewish News From Austria|language=en-US|archive-date=29 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129080028/https://www.jewishnews.at/in-the-media/2020/3/9/art-restitution-advisory-council-recommends-restitution-of-egon-schiele-painting-at-the-belvedere|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Egon Schiele 069.jpg|thumb|upright|''[[Portrait of Wally]]'', 1912 [[Leopold Museum]]]]
The art gallery of the Jewish art dealer [[Lea Bondi|Lea Bondi Jaray]], owner of the famous ''Portrait of Wally,'' was seized by the Nazis prior to his escaping to London.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=3 Cases That Explain Why Restituting Nazi Looted Art Is So Difficult |url=https://www.lootedart.com/news.php?r=SJ4OAA648481|access-date=4 February 2021|website=www.lootedart.com}}</ref> ''Wilted Sunflowers,'' which had been owned by Jewish art collector Karl Grunwald and seized by Nazis in Strasbourg, was discovered after a private collector took it to Christies for evaluation in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 September 2009|title=Family reunited with Schiele masterpiece stolen 60 years ago by Nazis – Europe, World – The Independent|website=[[Independent.co.uk]]|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/family-reunited-with-schiele-masterpiece-stolen-60-years-ago-by-nazis-475135.html|access-date=20 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918112358/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/family-reunited-with-schiele-masterpiece-stolen-60-years-ago-by-nazis-475135.html|archive-date=18 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=REDISCOVERED MASTERPIECE|url=https://www.christies.com/presscenter/pdf/04212006/113918.pdf|website=Christies|quote=In 1938, the year Hitler annexed Austria, Grünwald, who by this time had amassed a first rate collection of Austrian art, fled Vienna for France. Settling in Paris, the collector moved fifty paintings out of Austria, including the present work. Unfortunately, the Grünwald collection, including Wilted Sunflowers (Autumn Sun II), was confiscated in Strasbourg, where it had been placed in storage by Grünwald and sold at auction in 1942}}</ref> ''[[Portrait of Wally]]'', a 1912 portrait, was purchased by [[Rudolf Leopold]] in 1954 and became part of the collection of the [[Leopold Museum]] when it was established by the Austrian government, purchasing more than 5,000 pieces that Leopold had owned. After a 1997–1998 exhibit of Schiele's work at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in [[New York City]], the painting was seized by order of the [[New York County District Attorney]] and had been tied up in litigation by heirs of its former owner who claim that the painting was [[Nazi plunder]] and should be returned to them.<ref name=Henry_Wally>{{cite news|last=Marilyn Henry|author-link=Marilyn Henry|title=Justice is Done, Finally|url=http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Columnists/Metro-Views-Justice-is-done-finally|newspaper=Jerusalem Post|date=24 July 2010}}</ref><ref>Bayzler, Michael J.; and Alford, Roger P. [https://books.google.com/books?id=29OhFCTFxIIC&pg=PA281 ''Holocaust restitution: perspectives on the litigation and its legacy''], p. 281. [[NYU Press]], 2006. {{ISBN|0-8147-9943-4}}. Accessed 5 July 2010.</ref>

The dispute was settled on 20 July 2010 and the picture subsequently purchased by the [[Leopold Museum]] for US$19 million.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/leopold-museum-to-pay-19-million-for-painting-seized-by-nazis/?ref=arts | work=[[The New York Times]] | title=Leopold Museum to Pay $19 Million for Painting Seized by Nazis | first=Randy | last=Kennedy | date=20 July 2010}}</ref> In 2013, the museum sold three drawings by Schiele for £14&nbsp;million at [[Sotheby's]] London in order to settle the restitution claim over its 1914 Schiele painting ''Houses by the Sea''.<ref>Scott Reyburn (6 February 2013), [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-02-05/picasso-lover-portrait-sells-for-44-8-million-in-london.html Picasso's Portrait of Lover Stars in $190 Million Auction] ''[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]''.</ref> The most expensive, ''Liebespaar (Selbstdarstellung mit Wally)'' (1914/15), or ''Two lovers (Self Portrait With Wally)'', raised the world auction record for a work on paper by the artist to £7.88&nbsp;million.<ref>Souren Melikian (6 February 2013), [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/07/arts/07iht-melikian07.html At Sotheby's Sale, Estimates Prove to Be Just Wild Guesses] ''[[The New York Times]]''.</ref> On 21 June 2013 [[Auctionata]] in [[Berlin]] sold a watercolor from 1916, ''Reclining Woman'', at an [[online auction]] for €1.827&nbsp;million (US$2.418&nbsp;million). This is a world record for the most expensive work of art ever sold at an online auction.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.welt.de/print/die_welt/kultur/article117387769/Feuilleton-Kompakt.html |title=Schiele bringt Rekordpreis bei Online-Auktion |publisher=Welt.de |access-date=18 August 2013 |language=de |archive-date=12 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212211151/http://www.welt.de/print/die_welt/kultur/article117387769/Feuilleton-Kompakt.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://auctionata.com/en/auction-records |title=Schiele sells for world record price at online auction |publisher=Auctionata.com |access-date=18 August 2013 |language=de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820012607/http://auctionata.com/en/auction-records |archive-date=20 August 2013 }}</ref><ref name="marketwired">{{cite web|url=http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/auctionata-breaks-online-auction-record-egon-schieles-reclining-woman-sold-live-eur-1805274.htm|title=Auctionata Breaks Online Auction Record: Egon Schiele's ''Reclining Woman'' Sold Live for EUR 1.8 Million (US$2.4 Million)|publisher=marketwired.com|access-date=22 February 2014|archive-date=2 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102192852/http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/auctionata-breaks-online-auction-record-egon-schieles-reclining-woman-sold-live-eur-1805274.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>