Editing Demographics of Mexico (section)

===Immigration to Mexico===

{{Main|Immigration to Mexico}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:right; font-size:90%;"
|-
! Place || Foreign-born population in Mexico || 2020
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 1 || {{flag|United States}} || align=right| 797,266
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 2 || {{flag|Guatemala}} || align=right| 56,810
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 3 || {{flag|Venezuela}} || align=right| 52,948
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 4 || {{flag|Colombia}} || align=right| 36,234
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 5 || {{flag|Honduras}} || align=right| 35,361
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 6 || {{flag|Cuba}} || align=right| 25,976
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 7 || {{flag|Spain}} || align=right| 20,763
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 8 || {{flag|El Salvador}} || align=right| 19,736
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 9 || {{flag|Argentina}} || align=right| 18,693
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 10 || {{flag|Canada}} || align=right| 12,439
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 11 || {{flag|China}} || align=right| 10,547
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 12 || {{flag|France}} || align=right| 9,080
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 13 || {{flag|Brazil}} || align=right| 8,689
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 14 || {{flag|Peru}} || align=right| 8,670
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 15 || {{flag|Germany}} || align=right| 6,860
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 16 || {{flag|Italy}} || align=right| 6,619
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 17 || {{flag|Chile}} || align=right| 6,532
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 18 || {{flag|Haiti}} || align=right| 5,895
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 19 || {{flag|Nicaragua}} || align=right| 5,731
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 20 || {{flag|Japan}} || align=right| 5,539
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 21 || {{flag|South Korea}} || align=right| 5,339
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 22 || {{flag|United Kingdom}} || align=right| 4,030
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 23 || {{flag|Ecuador}} || align=right| 3,995
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 24 || {{flag|Costa Rica}} || align=right| 3,803
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 25 || {{flag|Dominican Republic}} || align=right| 2,849
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 26 || {{flag|Belize}} || align=right| 2,813
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 27 || {{flag|Uruguay}} || align=right| 2,706
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 28 || {{flag|India}} || align=right| 2,656
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 29 || {{flag|Bolivia}} || align=right| 2,505
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 30 || {{flag|Russia}} || align=right| 2,321
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
| 31 || {{flag|Panama}} || align=right| 1,916
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
| 32 || {{flag|Switzerland}} || align=right| 1,439
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
|  || Other countries || align=right| 25,492
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
|colspan=2 style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|'''TOTAL'''|| align=right|'''1,212,252'''
|- bgcolor="#ffffff"
|colspan=5 style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|<small>Source: INEGI (2020)<ref>https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/ccpv/2020/default.html#Tabulado {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126070329/https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/ccpv/2020/default.html#Tabulado |date=January 26, 2021 }} Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020</ref></small>
|-
|}

[[File:Niños polacos de Santa Rosa, Guanajuato.jpg|thumb|left|Niños de Santa Rosa (Children of Santa Rosa), children from Poland, orphaned due to [[World War II]].]]
[[File:Caravana Migrante en la Ciudad de México -- 16.jpg|thumb|left|[[Central American migrant caravans]] Migrants looking for routes on a map of Mexico, November 2018]]

Aside from the original Spanish colonists, many Europeans immigrated to Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Non-Spanish immigrant groups included British, Irish, Italian, German, French and Dutch.<ref name="Palma Mora 2005"/> Large numbers of Middle Eastern immigrants arrived in Mexico during the same period, mostly from Syria and Lebanon.<ref name="Ita2005" /> [[Asian Mexican|Asian immigrants]], mostly Chinese, some via the United States, settled in northern Mexico, whereas Koreans settled in central Mexico.<ref name="korea">[http://www.esmas.com/noticierostelevisa/mexico/443030.html Conmemoran 100 años de inmigración coreana] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122103834/http://www.esmas.com/noticierostelevisa/mexico/443030.html |date=January 22, 2010 }}</ref> The [[Institutional Revolutionary Party|PRI]] governments, in power for most of the 20th century, had a policy of granting asylum to fellow Latin Americans fleeing political persecution in their home countries. This led to the arrival of immigrants, mainly political refugees from [[Argentina]], [[Chile]], [[Cuba]], [[Peru]], [[Colombia]] and Central America during the 1970s and 1980s. 

A second wave of immigrants has come to Mexico as a result of the economic crises experienced by some countries in the region. The Argentine community is quite significant estimated to be somewhere between 11,000 and 30,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ime.gob.mx/investigaciones/bibliografias/apuesta_politica_gutierrez.pdf|title=Migrantes, votos, remesas|website=Ime.gob.mx|access-date=August 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729203326/http://www.ime.gob.mx/investigaciones/bibliografias/apuesta_politica_gutierrez.pdf|archive-date=July 29, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/coberturaespecial/argentinos/mexico/index.asp|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070217072117/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/coberturaespecial/argentinos/mexico/index.asp|url-status=dead|title=Argentinos en México|archive-date=February 17, 2007}}</ref> Due to the [[2008–2014 Spanish financial crisis]], many Spaniards have been emigrating to Mexico to seek new opportunities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newamericamedia.org/2013/02/as-spains-economy-worsens-young-adults-flock-to-mexico-for-jobs.php|title=As Spain's Economy Worsens, Young Adults Flock to Mexico for Jobs – New America Media|website=newamericamedia.org|access-date=November 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203052506/http://newamericamedia.org/2013/02/as-spains-economy-worsens-young-adults-flock-to-mexico-for-jobs.php|archive-date=December 3, 2013|url-status=usurped}}</ref> For example, during the last quarter of 2012, a number of 7,630 work permits were granted to Spaniards.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/nathanielparishflannery/2013/04/30/as-spain-falters-spaniards-look-to-latin-america/|magazine=[[Forbes]]|date=April 30, 2013|access-date=December 26, 2015|title=As Spain Falters, Spaniards Look to Latin America|first1=Nathaniel Parish|last1=Flannery|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090632/http://www.forbes.com/sites/nathanielparishflannery/2013/04/30/as-spain-falters-spaniards-look-to-latin-america/|url-status=live}}</ref> In recent time, the country has also received increasing numbers of refugees and migrants from the Caribbean and Central America.<ref name="Transición" />

Mexico is also the country where the largest number of American citizens live abroad, with Mexico City playing host to the largest number of American citizens abroad in the world. The American Citizens Abroad Association estimated in 1999 that a little more than one million Americans live in Mexico (which represent 1% of the population in Mexico and 25% of all American citizens living abroad).<ref>[http://www.aca.ch/amabroad.pdf American Citizens Abroad] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225044115/http://www.aca.ch/amabroad.pdf |date=February 25, 2011 }}</ref> This immigration phenomenon could well be explained by the interaction of both countries under the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA), but also by the fact that Mexico has become a popular destination for retirees, especially the small towns: just in the State of Guanajuato, in [[San Miguel de Allende]] and its surroundings, 10,000 Americans have their residence.<ref>[http://www.economist.com/World/la/displayStory.cfm?story_id=5214922 Retiring Americans, Go south, old man] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060626064251/http://www.economist.com/world/la/displaystory.cfm?story_id=5214922 |date=June 26, 2006 }} by The Economist</ref> 

Discrepancies between the figures of official legal immigrants and all foreign-born residents is quite large. The official figure for foreign-born residents in Mexico in 2020 was 1,212,252,<ref name="2020 Census" /> with the majority being born in the United States, who also are the most common immigrant group across the country's states with the exception of the state of [[Chiapas]], where the majority of immigrants are from Central America.<ref name="immigrants">{{cite web|url=http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/rutinas/ept.asp?t=mpob64&c=3241|title=Población nacida en otro país residente en México por entidad federativa según sexo, 2000|website=Inegi.org.mx|access-date=August 29, 2017|archive-date=February 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204122210/https://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/rutinas/ept.asp?t=mpob64&c=3241|url-status=live}}</ref> The six states with the most immigrants are Baja California (12.1% of total immigrants), Mexico City (11.4%), Jalisco (9.9%), Chihuahua (9%) and Tamaulipas (7.3%).<ref name="immigrants"/>