Editing Demographics of China (section)

===Total fertility rate by region===
According to the 2000 census, the [[Total fertility rate|TFR]] was 1.22 (0.86 for cities, 1.08 for towns and 1.43 for villages/outposts). Beijing had the lowest [[Total fertility rate|TFR]] at 0.67, while [[Guizhou]] had the highest at 2.19. The [[Xiangyang District, Jiamusi|Xiangyang district]] of [[Jiamusi]] city ([[Heilongjiang]]) has a TFR of 0.41, which is the lowest TFR recorded anywhere in the world in recorded history. Other extremely low TFR counties are: 0.43 in the [[Heping District, Tianjin|Heping district]] of [[Tianjin city]] ([[Tianjin]]), and 0.46 in the [[Mawei district]] of [[Fuzhou]] city ([[Fujian]]). At the other end TFR was 3.96 in [[Geji County]] ([[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet]]), 4.07 in [[Jiali County]] (Tibet), and 5.47 in [[Baqing County]] (Tibet).<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Terrell |first=Heather |title=Fertility in China in 2000: A County Level Analysis |date=2005 |access-date=14 December 2022 |type=MS thesis |publisher=Texas A&M University |url=https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/3892 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214155317/https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/3892 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |hdl=1969.1/3892 |df=dmy-all |url-status=live}}</ref>

The 2010 census reported a TFR of 1.18 (0.88 in cities, 1.15 in townships, and
1.44 in rural areas).<ref name="iussp.org">{{cite web |author1=Wang Guang-zhou |author2=Fu Chong-hui |title=New fertility changes and characteristics from the sixth population census in China |url=http://www.iussp.org/sites/default/files/event_call_for_papers/New%20fertility%20changes%20and%20characteristics%20from%20the%20sixth%20population%20census%20in%20China-isupp-11.21_0.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403072026/http://iussp.org/sites/default/files/event_call_for_papers/New%20fertility%20changes%20and%20characteristics%20from%20the%20sixth%20population%20census%20in%20China-isupp-11.21_0.pdf |archive-date=3 April 2016 |access-date=31 August 2017 |website=Iussp.org}}</ref>
The five regions with the lowest fertility rates were Beijing (0.71), Shanghai
(0.74), [[Liaoning]] (0.74), [[Heilongjiang]] (0.75), and [[Jilin]] (0.76). The five regions with the highest
fertility rates were [[Guangxi]] (1.79), [[Guizhou]] (1.75), [[Xinjiang]] (1.53), [[Hainan]] (1.51), and [[Anhui]]
(1.48).<ref name="iussp.org" />

The 2020 census reported a TFR of 1.301, with 1.118 in cities, 1.395 in townships, and 1.543 in rural areas.<ref>{{cite web |title=China Population Census Yearbook 2020, 6-4 |url=https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219081310/https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.htm |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=国家统计局-第七次人口普查数据}}</ref> 
The shift of fertility rate recorded in 2020 census compared to that in the previous 2 censuses may not be an actual recovery, but rather due to the low quality and massive underreporting of lower-age groups in the 2000 and 2010 censuses, while the [[One-child policy|population control policy]] in China back then may also give families an incentive to hide their children, which is largely relieved as the policy changed in 2010s. This can be demonstrated by the much lower number of population aged 0~4 and 5~9 in the 2000 and 2010 censuses <ref>{{cite web |title=中国2000年人口普查资料，3-1 |url=https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/5rp/index.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411163117/https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/5rp/index.htm |archive-date=11 April 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=国家统计局-第五次人口普查数据}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=中国2010年人口普查资料，3-1 |url=https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403024816/https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.htm |archive-date=3 April 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=国家统计局-第六次人口普查数据}}</ref> when compared to the corresponding age groups in 2020.<ref>{{cite web |title=China Population Census Yearbook 2020，3-1 |url=https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219081310/https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.htm |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=国家统计局-第七次人口普查数据}}</ref>

Total fertility rate by ethnic group (2010 census): [[Han Chinese|Han]] (1.14), [[Zhuang people|Zhuang]] (1.59), [[Hui people|Hui]] (1.48), [[Manchu people|Manchu]] (1.18), [[Uyghur people|Uyghur]] (2.04), [[Miao people|Miao]] (1.82), [[Yi people|Yi]] (1.82), [[Tujia people|Tujia]] (1.74), [[Tibetan people|Tibetan]] (1.60), [[Mongols]] (1.26).<ref>{{cite web |last=Team |first=Discuz! Team and Comsenz UI |title=科学网—2010年人口普查各民族人口数据 - 易富贤的博文 |url=http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-385383-765643.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831225100/http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-385383-765643.html |archive-date=31 August 2017 |access-date=31 August 2017 |website=blog.sciencenet.cn}}</ref>