Editing Cod (section)

==Distribution==
[[Atlantic cod]] (''Gadus morhua'') live in the colder waters and deeper sea regions throughout the North Atlantic. [[Pacific cod]] (''Gadus macrocephalus'') is found in both eastern and western regions of the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]].<ref name=EBr>[http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/123849/cod "Cod"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308033613/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/123849/cod |date=8 March 2014 }}, ''Encyclopædia Britannica online'' 2008</ref>

Atlantic cod could be further divided into several [[Fish stocks|stocks]], including the [[Norway|Arcto-Norwegian]], [[North Sea]], [[Baltic Sea]], [[Faroe Islands|Faroe]], [[Iceland]], [[East Greenland]], [[West Greenland]], [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], and [[Labrador]] stocks. There seems to be little interchange between the stocks, although migrations to their individual breeding grounds may involve distances of {{convert|300|km|smi nmi|-1|abbr=off}} or more.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kjesbu |first1=Olav Sigurd |last2=Bogstad |first2=Bjarte |last3=Devine |first3=Jennifer A. |last4=Gjøsæter |first4=Harald |last5=Howell |first5=Daniel |last6=Ingvaldsen |first6=Randi B. |last7=Nash |first7=Richard D. M. |last8=Skjæraasen |first8=Jon Egil |title=Synergies between climate and management for Atlantic cod fisheries at high latitudes |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=4 March 2014 |volume=111 |issue=9 |pages=3478–3483 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1316342111 |pmid=24550465 |pmc=3948268 |bibcode=2014PNAS..111.3478K |language=en |issn=0027-8424|doi-access=free }}</ref> For instance, eastern Baltic cod shows specific reproductive adaptations to low salinity compared to Western Baltic and Atlantic cod.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Vallin|first1=Lars|last2=Nissling|first2=Anders|last3=Westin|first3=Lars|date=1999|title=Potential Factors Influencing Reproductive Success of Baltic Cod, Gadus morhua: A Review|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4314854|journal=Ambio|volume=28|issue=1|pages=92–99|jstor=4314854|issn=0044-7447|access-date=21 November 2021|archive-date=21 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121131357/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4314854|url-status=live}}</ref>

Atlantic cod occupy varied habitats, favouring rough ground, especially inshore, and are [[demersal]] in depths between {{convert|6|and|60|m|ft fathom|abbr=off|sigfig=1}}, {{convert|80|m|ft fathom|abbr=on}} on average, although not uncommonly to depths of {{convert|600|m|ft fathom|abbr=on}}. Off the Norwegian and New England coasts and on the [[Grand Banks of Newfoundland]], cod congregate at certain seasons in water of {{convert|30|-|70|m|ft fathom|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} depth. Cod are gregarious and form schools, although [[shoaling and schooling|shoaling]] tends to be a feature of the spawning season.