Editing Chess problem (section)

==Titles==
Just as in over-the-board play, the titles [[Grandmaster (chess)|Grandmaster]], [[FIDE Titles|International Master]] and [[FIDE Titles|FIDE Master]] are awarded by FIDE via the [[Permanent Commission of the FIDE for Chess Compositions]] (PCCC) for especially distinguished problem and study composers and solvers (unlike over-the-board chess, however, there have not been any women-only equivalents to these titles in problem chess).

For composition, the International Master title was established in 1959, with [[André Chéron (chess player)|André Chéron]], [[Arnoldo Ellerman]], [[Alexander Gerbstmann]], [[Jan Hartong]], [[Cyril Kipping]] and [[Marian Wróbel]] being the first honorary recipients. In subsequent years, qualification for the IM title, as well as for the GM title (first awarded in 1972 to [[Genrikh Gasparyan|Genrikh Kasparyan]], [[Lev Loshinsky]], [[Comins Mansfield]], and [[Eeltje Visserman]]) and the FM title (first awarded 1990) has been determined on the basis of the number of problems or studies a composer had selected for publication in the [[FIDE Album]]s. These albums are collections of the best problems and studies composed in a particular three-year period, as selected by FIDE-appointed judges from submitted entries. Each problem published in an album is worth 1 point; each study is worth {{frac|1|2|3}}; joint compositions are worth the same divided by the number of composers. For the FIDE Master title, a composer must accumulate 12 points; for the International Master title, 25 points are needed; and for the Grandmaster title, a composer must have 70 points.

For solvers, the GM and IM titles were both first awarded in 1982; the FM title followed in 1997. GM and IM titles can only be gained by participating in the official World Chess Solving Championship (WCSC): to become a GM, a solver must score at least 90 percent of the winner's points and on each occasion finish in at least tenth place three times within ten successive WCSCs. For the IM title they must score at least 80 percent of the winner's points and each time finish in at least fifteenth place twice within five successive WCSCs; alternatively, winning a single WCSC or scoring as many points as the winner in a single WCSC will earn the IM title. For the FM title, the solver must score at least 75 percent of the winners points and each time finish within the top 40 percent of participants in any two PCCC-approved solving competitions.

The title [[International Judge of Chess Compositions]] is given to individuals considered capable of judging composing tourneys at the highest level.