Editing Cherry (section)

== Production ==
{{main|List of countries by cherry production}}
{{stack begin}}
{| class="wikitable floatright sortable"
|+ Top (sweet) cherry producing nations in 2020 (tonnes)
!Rank
!Country
! data-sort-type="number" | Production
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1 || Turkey || style="text-align:right" | 724,994
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2 || United States || style="text-align:right" | 294,900
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 3 || Chile || style="text-align:right" | 255,471
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 4 || Uzbekistan || style="text-align:right" | 185,068
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 5 || Iran || style="text-align:right" | 164,080
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 6 || Italy || style="text-align:right" | 104,380
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 7 || Greece || style="text-align:right" | 93,740
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 8 || Spain || style="text-align:right" | 82,130
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 9 || Ukraine || style="text-align:right" | 63,550
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 10 || Bulgaria || style="text-align:right" | 52,330
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! !! style="text-align:left" | World !! style="text-align:right" | 2,609,550
|-
!colspan=3|<small>Source: [[FAO|UN Food & Agriculture Organization]]</small><ref name="FAO Cherries">{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC|publisher=[[FAO|UN Food & Agriculture Organization]], FAOSTAT, Statistics Division|title=Crops/Regions/Production of Cherries by Countries (from pick lists)|year=2014|access-date=12 September 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511194947/http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC|archive-date=11 May 2017}}</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable floatright sortable"
|+ Top sour cherry producing nations in 2020 (tonnes)
!Rank
!Country
! data-sort-type="number" | Production
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1 || Russia || style="text-align:right" | 254,800
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2 || Turkey || style="text-align:right" | 189,184
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 3 || Ukraine || style="text-align:right" | 174,630
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 4 || Serbia || style="text-align:right" | 165,738
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 5 || Poland || style="text-align:right" | 153,100
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 6 || Iran || style="text-align:right" | 121,651
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 7 || Uzbekistan || style="text-align:right" | 70,650
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 8 || United States || style="text-align:right" | 63,276
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 9 || Hungary || style="text-align:right" | 61,460
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 10 || Belarus || style="text-align:right" | 53,763
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! !! style="text-align:left" | World !! style="text-align:right" | 1,479,045
|-
!colspan=3|<small>Source: [[FAO|UN Food & Agriculture Organization]]</small><ref name="FAO Cherries"/>
|}
{{stack end}}
In 2020, world production of sweet cherries was 2.61 million [[tonne]]s, with [[Turkey]] producing 28% of this total. Other major producers of sweet cherries were the United States and [[Chile]]. World production of sour cherries in 2020 was 1.48 million tonnes, led by [[Russia]], [[Turkey]], Ukraine and [[Serbia]].

=== Middle East ===
[[File:Cherry trees in Tehran..jpg|thumb|left|Ripe sweet cherries in [[Tehran]]]]
Major commercial cherry orchards in West Asia are in [[Turkey]], [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], and [[Azerbaijan]].

=== Europe ===
Major commercial cherry orchards in Europe are in [[Turkey]], [[Italy]], [[Spain]] and other Mediterranean regions, and to a smaller extent in the [[Baltic States]] and southern [[Scandinavia]].

In [[France]] since the 1920s, the first cherries of the season come in April/May from the region of [[Céret]] ([[Pyrénées-Orientales]]),<ref>{{cite web |language=fr |author=Fabricio Cardenas |url=http://vieuxpapierspo.blogspot.fr/2014/08/premieres-cerises-de-ceret-et-dailleurs.html |website=Vieux papiers des Pyrénées-Orientales |title=Premières cerises de Céret et d'ailleurs |trans-title=First cherries from Céret and elsewhere |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627142945/http://vieuxpapierspo.blogspot.fr/2014/08/premieres-cerises-de-ceret-et-dailleurs.html |archive-date=2015-06-27 |date=August 24, 2014}}</ref> where the local producers send, as a tradition since 1932, the first crate of cherries to the [[President of France|president of the Republic]].<ref>{{cite web |language=fr |author=Fabricio Cardenas |url=http://vieuxpapierspo.blogspot.fr/2014/06/des-cerises-de-ceret-pour-le-president.html |website=Vieux papiers des Pyrénées-Orientales |title=Des cerises de Céret pour le président de la République en 1932 |trans-title=Ceret cherries for the President of the Republic in 1932 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026080216/http://vieuxpapierspo.blogspot.fr/2014/06/des-cerises-de-ceret-pour-le-president.html |archive-date=2014-10-26 |date=June 1, 2014}}</ref>

=== North America ===
{{See also|Cherry production in Michigan}}
[[File:Cherry season (48216568192).jpg|thumb|left|Fresh Michigan cherries in a basket]]
In the United States, most sweet cherries are grown in [[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[California]], [[Oregon]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Michigan]].<ref name="NASS">{{cite report|url=http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/current/CherProd/CherProd-06-23-2011.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406181851/http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/current/CherProd/CherProd-06-23-2011.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 6, 2012|publisher=National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA|access-date=2011-10-06|title=Cherry Production|issn=1948-9072|date=June 23, 2011}}</ref> Important sweet cherry cultivars include [[Bing cherry|Bing]], [[Ulster cherry|Ulster]], [[Rainier cherry|Rainier]], Brooks, Tulare, King, and Sweetheart.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nwcherries.com/nwcherries/varieties|title=Cherry Varieties|access-date=24 October 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208085732/http://www.nwcherries.com/nwcherries/varieties|archive-date=8 December 2014}}</ref> Both Oregon and Michigan provide light-colored 'Royal Ann' ('Napoleon'; alternately 'Queen Anne') cherries for the [[maraschino cherry]] process. Most sour (also called tart) cherries are grown in Michigan, followed by [[Utah]], [[New York (state)|New York]], and Washington.<ref name="NASS"/> Sour cherries include 'Nanking' and [[Evans cherry|'Evans]].' [[Traverse City, Michigan]] is called the "Cherry Capital of the World",<ref>{{cite web|title=Traverse City- Cherry Capital|url=http://michiganhistory.leadr.msu.edu/traverse-city-cherry-capital/|website=Michigan History|access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref> hosting a [[National Cherry Festival]] and making the world's largest [[cherry pie]]. The specific region of northern Michigan known for tart cherry production is referred to as the "Traverse Bay" region.

Most cherry varieties have a chilling requirement of 800 or more hours, meaning that in order to break dormancy, blossom, and set fruit, the winter season needs to have at least 800 hours where the temperature is below {{convert|7|C|F}}. "Low chill" varieties requiring 300 hours or less are Minnie Royal and Royal Lee, requiring [[pollination|cross-pollinization]], whereas the cultivar, Royal Crimson, is self-fertile.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/lifestyle/home-and-garden/sdut-new-cherry-tree-varieties-thrive-in-mild-climate-2011jan21-story.html|title=New cherry tree varieties thrive in mild climate|author=Vincent Lazaneo|work=San Diego Tribune|date=21 January 2011|access-date=2018-06-06|language=en-US}}</ref>  These varieties extend the range of cultivation of cherries to the mild winter areas of southern US. This is a boon to California producers of sweet cherries, as California is the second largest producer of sweet cherries in the US.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fruitandnuteducation.ucdavis.edu/fruitnutproduction/Cherry/|title=Cherry|publisher=Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences|website=fruitandnuteducation.ucdavis.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-06}}</ref>

Native and non-native sweet cherries grow well in Canada's [[provinces]] of [[Ontario]] and [[British Columbia]] where an annual cherry festival has been celebrated for seven consecutive decades in the [[Okanagan Valley]] town of [[Osoyoos]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://osoyoosfestivalsociety.ca/wp/cherry-fiesta/|title=Cherry Fiesta 2017|publisher=Osoyoos Festival Society|date=2016|access-date=6 June 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121234122/http://osoyoosfestivalsociety.ca/wp/cherry-fiesta/|archive-date=21 November 2016}}</ref> In addition to the Okanagan, other British Columbia cherry growing regions are the [[Similkameen Valley]] and [[Kootenays|Kootenay Valley]], all three regions together producing 5.5 million kg annually or 60% of total Canadian output.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/aboutind/products/plant/cherries.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990202214514/http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/aboutind/products/plant/cherries.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1999-02-02|title=Cherries|publisher=BC Ministry of Agriculture|date=2013|access-date=28 June 2014}}</ref> Sweet cherry varieties in British Columbia include 'Rainier', 'Van', 'Chelan', 'Lapins', 'Sweetheart', 'Skeena', 'Staccato', 'Christalina' and 'Bing.'

=== Australia ===
In Australia, cherries are grown in all the states except for the Northern Territory.  The major producing regions are located in the temperate areas within New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania.  Western Australia has limited production in the elevated parts in the southwest of the state.  Key production areas include [[Young, New South Wales|Young]], [[Orange, New South Wales|Orange]] and [[Bathurst, New South Wales|Bathurst]] in [[New South Wales]], [[Wandin]], the Goulburn and Murray valley areas in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], the [[Adelaide Hills]] region in [[South Australia]], and the Huon and Derwent Valleys in [[Tasmania]].

Key commercial varieties in order of seasonality include 'Empress', 'Merchant', 'Supreme', 'Ron's seedling', 'Chelan', 'Ulster', 'Van', 'Bing', 'Stella', 'Nordwunder', 'Lapins', 'Simone', 'Regina', 'Kordia' and 'Sweetheart'.  New varieties are being introduced, including the late season 'Staccato' and early season 'Sequoia'.  The Australian Cherry Breeding program is developing a series of new varieties which are under testing evaluation.<ref>{{cite web|title=ANNUAL INDUSTRY REPORT 08 • 09|publisher=Horticulture Australia Limited (HAL)|url=http://www.horticulture.com.au/admin/assets/library/annual_reports/pdfs/PDF_File_78.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425021827/http://www.horticulture.com.au/admin/assets/library/annual_reports/pdfs/PDF_File_78.pdf|archive-date=2012-04-25}}</ref>

The New South Wales town of [[Young, New South Wales|Young]] is called the "Cherry Capital of Australia" and hosts the National Cherry Festival.