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===Religion=== {{See also|Burned-over district}} [[File:Temple Beth Zion 2.jpg|thumb|[[Temple Beth Zion (Buffalo, New York)|Temple Beth Zion]]]] During the early 19th century, [[Seneca mission|Presbyterian missionaries]] tried to convert the [[Seneca people]] on the Buffalo Creek Reservation to Christianity. Initially resistant, some tribal members set aside their traditions and practices to form their own sect.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nicholas |first=Mark A. |title=Practicing Local Faith & Local Politics: Senecas, Presbyterianism, and A "New Indian Mission History" |date=2006 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27778719 |journal=[[Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies]] |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=69β72 |doi=10.2307/pennhistory.73.1.0069 |jstor=27778719 |s2cid=157731538 |issn=0031-4528 |access-date=May 8, 2021 |archive-date=May 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508225417/https://www.jstor.org/stable/27778719 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Iroquois" /> Later, European immigrants added other faiths. Christianity is the predominant religion in Buffalo and Western New York. [[Catholicism]] (primarily the [[Latin Church]]) has a significant presence in the region, with 161 [[parish]]es and over 570,000 adherents in the [[Diocese of Buffalo]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Herbeck |first1=Dan |author-link=Dan Herbeck |title=Facing huge debts, Buffalo Diocese studies possible mergers of churches, schools |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/local/education/facing-huge-debts-buffalo-diocese-studies-possible-mergers-of-churches-schools/article_e0b46896-069b-5d92-b2a4-d82d3b4e56e3.html |url-access=limited |website=[[The Buffalo News]] |access-date=21 May 2021 |language=en |date=May 23, 2020 |archive-date=May 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522000252/https://buffalonews.com/news/local/education/facing-huge-debts-buffalo-diocese-studies-possible-mergers-of-churches-schools/article_e0b46896-069b-5d92-b2a4-d82d3b4e56e3.html |url-status=live}}</ref> {{Update after|2022|reason=New survey releases|text=Major [[Protestantism in the United States|Protestant]] denominations in the area include [[Lutheran]], [[Baptists in the United States|Baptist]], and [[Methodist]]. [[Pentecostals]] are also significant, and approximately 20,000 persons are [[Nondenominational Christianity|non-denominational]] adherents.}}<ref>{{cite book |title=2010 U.S. religion census: religious congregations & membership study: an enumeration by nation, state, and county based on data reported for 236 religious groups |date=2012 |publisher=[[Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies]] |location=Kansas City, Mo. |isbn=978-0615623443 |page=397}}</ref> A [[Jewish diaspora|Jewish]] community began developing in the city with immigrants from the mid-1800s; about one thousand [[History of the Jews in Germany|German]] and [[Lithuanian Jews]] settled in Buffalo before 1880. Buffalo's first [[synagogue]], Temple Beth El, was established in 1847.<ref name="BuffaloJewish">{{cite book |last1=Kotzin |first1=Chana Revell |title=Jewish community of Greater Buffalo |date=2013 |pages=12β16 |publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]] |location=Charleston, South Carolina |isbn=978-1-4671-2006-7}}</ref> The city's [[Temple Beth Zion (Buffalo, New York)|Temple Beth Zion]] is the region's largest synagogue.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Watson |first1=Stephen T. |title=Synagogues in Buffalo, Ontario plan online Shabbat service |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/local/synagogues-in-buffalo-ontario-plan-online-shabbat-service/article_fa32bebb-b0d8-54bb-b982-f82d8cc71be1.html |url-access=limited |website=[[The Buffalo News]] |access-date=21 May 2021 |language=en |date=March 27, 2020 |archive-date=May 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522000250/https://buffalonews.com/news/local/synagogues-in-buffalo-ontario-plan-online-shabbat-service/article_fa32bebb-b0d8-54bb-b982-f82d8cc71be1.html |url-status=live}}</ref> With changing demographics and an increased number of refugees from other areas on the city's East Side,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Reinl |first1=James |title=Muslim refugees in Buffalo defy stereotypes |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/muslim-refugees-buffalo-defy-stereotypes |website=[[Middle East Eye]] |access-date=22 May 2021 |language=en |date=February 2, 2016 |archive-date=May 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522045741/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/muslim-refugees-buffalo-defy-stereotypes |url-status=live}}</ref> Islam and Buddhism have expanded their presence. In this area, new residents have converted empty churches into [[mosque]]s and Buddhist temples.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Krishna |first1=Ashima |title=A new solution for America's empty churches: A change of faith |url=https://theconversation.com/a-new-solution-for-americas-empty-churches-a-change-of-faith-121726 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=22 May 2021 |language=en |date=August 30, 2019 |archive-date=May 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522045741/http://theconversation.com/a-new-solution-for-americas-empty-churches-a-change-of-faith-121726 |url-status=live}}</ref> Hinduism maintains a small, active presence in the area, including the town of Amherst.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Neville |first1=Anne |title=Hindu festival honoring Lord Ganesha is new beginning of welcoming community |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/local/hindu-festival-honoring-lord-ganesha-is-new-beginning-of-welcoming-community/article_e4dc8d42-add4-5348-92b5-3f844d76dd69.html |url-access=limited |website=[[The Buffalo News]] |access-date=22 May 2021 |language=en |date=September 8, 2019 |archive-date=May 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522045740/https://buffalonews.com/news/local/hindu-festival-honoring-lord-ganesha-is-new-beginning-of-welcoming-community/article_e4dc8d42-add4-5348-92b5-3f844d76dd69.html |url-status=live}}</ref> A 2016 [[American Bible Society]] survey reported that Buffalo is the fifth-least "Bible-minded" city in the United States; 13 percent of its residents associate with the [[Bible]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Keenan |first1=John |title=Where is the world's most 'godless' city? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/dec/07/where-world-godless-city-religion-atheist |website=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=22 May 2021 |language=en |date=2016-12-07 |archive-date=May 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522163555/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/dec/07/where-world-godless-city-religion-atheist |url-status=live}}</ref>
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