Editing Bermuda (section)

===20th and 21st centuries===
[[File:Bermuda harbour 1926.jpg|thumb|[[Hamilton Harbour, Bermuda|Hamilton Harbour]] in the mid-1920s]]
[[File:Winston Churchill visiting Bermuda for the Western Summit in December 1953.jpg|thumb|Winston Churchill hosted the Three-Powers Summit in 1953.]]
[[File:The Queen of Bermuda in Bermuda, late 1952 or very early 1953.jpg|thumb|The {{SS|Queen of Bermuda}} in Hamilton Harbour, c. Dec&nbsp;1952 / Jan&nbsp;1953]]
[[File:The Queen of Bermuda departing the island in December 1952 or January 1953.jpg|thumb|The S.S. ''Queen of Bermuda'' departing the island in December&nbsp;1952~January&nbsp;1953. The Devonshire Dock is in the foreground.]]
In the early 20th century Bermuda became a popular destination for American, Canadian and British tourists arriving by sea. The US [[Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act]] of 1930, which enacted protectionist trade [[tariffs]] on goods imported into the US, led to the demise of Bermuda's once-thriving agricultural export trade to America and encouraged development of tourism as an alternative source of income. The island was one of the centres for illegal alcohol smuggling during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States]] (1920–1933).<ref name="Frommers - History of Bermuda"/><ref name="Encyclopedia Britannica - Bermuda"/>

A rail line was constructed in Bermuda in the 1920s, opening in 1931 as the [[Bermuda Railway]], which was abandoned in 1948.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Horn |first=Simon |date=c. 2010 |title=Building the Bermuda Railway |website=bermudarailway.net |url=http://www.bermudarailway.net/then/history/building/building.html |url-status=dead |access-date=4 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904140343/http://www.bermudarailway.net/then/history/building/building.html |archive-date=4 September 2014}}</ref> The right of way is now the Bermuda Railway Trail.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bermuda Railway Trail |publisher=Bermuda Dept. of Tourism |url=http://www.bermudatourism.com/180.aspx |access-date=14 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106092332/http://www.bermudatourism.com/180.aspx |archive-date=6 January 2010}}</ref>

In 1930, after several failed attempts, a [[Stinson Detroiter]] [[seaplane]] flew to Bermuda from New York City: It was the first aeroplane ever to reach the islands. In 1936, [[Deutsche Luft Hansa]] began to experiment with seaplane flights from [[Berlin]] via the [[Azores]] with continuation flights to New York City.<ref>{{cite web |title=Unusual place – unusual story – heroic crew |website=Old QSL cards (oldQSLcards.com) |url=http://oldqslcards.com/UNUSUAL_PLACE.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=15 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310164030/http://oldqslcards.com/UNUSUAL_PLACE.pdf |archive-date=10 March 2012}}</ref>

In 1937, [[Imperial Airways]] and [[Pan American World Airways|Pan American Airways]] began operating scheduled [[flying boat]] airline services from New York and [[Baltimore]] to [[Darrell's Island, Bermuda]]. In World War&nbsp;II, the [[Hamilton Princess & Beach Club|Hamilton Princess Hotel]] became a censorship centre. All mail, radio and telegraphic traffic bound for Europe, the US and the Far East was intercepted and analysed by 1,200&nbsp;censors, of British Imperial Censorship, part of [[British Security Coordination]] (BSC), before being routed to their destination.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hodgson |first=Tim |date=25 April 2016 |title=Celebrating a wartime spy chief |newspaper=The Royal Gazette |url=https://www.royalgazette.com/other/news/article/20160425/celebrating-a-wartime-spy-chief/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013060307/https://www.royalgazette.com/other/news/article/20160425/celebrating-a-wartime-spy-chief/ |archive-date=13 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hamilton Princess & Beach Club |quote=a Fairmont managed hotel – luxury hotel in Hamilton |series=Fairmont, Hotels & Resorts |website=Fairmont.com |url=https://www.fairmont.com/hamilton-bermuda/ |url-status=live |access-date=8 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012002635/https://www.fairmont.com/hamilton-bermuda/ |archive-date=12 October 2019}}</ref> With BSC working closely with the FBI, the censors were responsible for the discovery and arrest of a number of Axis spies operating in the US, including the [[Kurt Frederick Ludwig#Setting up the ring|Joe&nbsp;K ring]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=David |date=11 November 2011 |title=Bermuda's WWII espionage role |website=BerNews |url=https://bernews.com/2011/11/bermudas-second-world-war-espionage-role/ |url-status=live |access-date=8 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107220921/http://bernews.com/2011/11/bermudas-second-world-war-espionage-role/ |archive-date=7 November 2020 }}</ref>

In 1948, a regularly scheduled commercial airline service began to operate, using land-based aeroplanes landing at [[Kindley Air Force Base|Kindley Field]] (now [[L.F. Wade International Airport]]), helping tourism to reach a peak in the 1960s and 1970s. By the end of the 1970s, however, international business had supplanted tourism as the dominant sector of Bermuda's economy.

The Royal Naval Dockyard and its attendant military garrison remained important to Bermuda's economy until the mid-20th century. In addition to considerable building work, the armed forces needed to source food and other materials from local vendors. Beginning in [[World War II]], US military installations were also located in Bermuda, including a [[Naval Air Station Bermuda Annex|naval air station]], and [[USN Submarine Base, Ordnance Island, Bermuda|submarine base]]. The American military presence lasted until 1995.<ref name="bermuda-online.org">{{Cite web |title=American military bases in Bermuda 1941 to 1995 |website=Bermuda Online |url=http://www.bermuda-online.org/milquit.htm |access-date=9 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109070825/http://www.bermuda-online.org/milquit.htm |archive-date=9 November 2018}}</ref>

Universal adult suffrage and development of a two-party political system took place in the 1960s.<ref name="Encyclopedia Britannica - Bermuda" /> Universal suffrage was adopted as part of Bermuda's Constitution in 1967; voting had previously been dependent on a certain level of property ownership.

On 10&nbsp;March 1973, the governor of Bermuda, [[Richard Sharples]], was assassinated by local [[Black Power movement|Black Power]] militants during a period of civil unrest.<ref name="Encyclopedia Britannica - Bermuda"/> Some moves were made towards possible independence for the islands, however, this was decisively rejected in a [[1995 Bermudian independence referendum|referendum in 1995]].<ref name="Encyclopedia Britannica - Bermuda"/>

At the [[2020 Summer Olympics]], Bermuda became the smallest overseas territory to earn a gold medal, as [[Flora Duffy]] won Bermuda's first ever Olympic gold medal in the [[Triathlon at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's|women's triathlon]].<ref>{{cite news |author=O'Kane, Caitlin |date=27 July 2021 |title=Bermuda wins its first gold medal, becoming the smallest country to win gold at the Summer Olympics |website=[[CBS News]] (cbsnews.com) |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bermuda-olympics-gold-womens-triathlon/}}</ref>