Editing Army of Northern Virginia (section)

==Organization of the Army==
===Department of Northern Virginia, October 22, 1861===
[[Image:North Virginia Silk.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|The Army of Northern Virginia's silk battle flag from November 1861]]
The '''Military Department of Northern Virginia''' was embattled on October 22, 1861.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. V, p. 913f: [http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/recordView.cfm?page=913&dir=005 General Orders No. 15]</ref> The department initially consisted of three districts under the overall command of General Joseph E. Johnston.

{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Defence district
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| Potomac
|
|
| General [[P. G. T. Beauregard]]
|-
|
| 1. Division
|
| Major General [[Earl Van Dorn]]
|-
|
| 2. Division
|
| Major General [[Gustavus Woodson Smith|Gustavus W. Smith]]
|-
|
| 3. Division
|
| Major General [[James Longstreet]]
|-
|
| 4. Division
|
| Major General [[Edmund Kirby Smith|E. Kirby Smith]]
|-
| Aquia
|
|
| Major General [[Theophilus H. Holmes]]
|-
|
|
| French's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Samuel Gibbs French]]
|-
|
|
| 2. Brigade
| Brigadier General [[John George Walker|John G. Walker]]
|-
| Valley
|
|
| Major General [[Thomas Jonathan Jackson|Thomas J. Jackson]]
|-
|
|
| Garnett's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Richard B. Garnett]]
|-
|
|
| Ashby's Cavalry
| Colonel [[Turner Ashby]]
|}
On February 28, 1862, there were 47,617 soldiers present for duty to the military district.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. V, p. 1086: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0005&coll=moa&view=75&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0005%2F&tif=01139.TIF&pagenum=1086 Army's day-service strength]</ref>  The Cavalry Brigade was provided from the Potomac's Military District and under direct control from the Defense District. The artillery formed an Artillery Corps with 109 cannons.

===Organization April 30, 1862===
[[Image:North Virginia First Bunting.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|The Army of Northern Virginia's wool battle flag from 1862]]
The Army of Northern Virginia was established on March 14, 1862, again under Johnston. Though the military department stayed existent its role changed into an administrative division for most of the war.

{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Wing of the Army
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| Left wing
|
|
| Major General [[John Bankhead Magruder|John B. Magruder]]
|-
|
| McLaws' Division
|
| Brigade General [[Lafayette McLaws]]
|-
|
| Toombs' Division
|
| Brigadier General [[Robert Augustus Toombs|Robert A. Toombs]]
|-
|
|
| Ewell's Brigade
| Colonel B. S. Ewell
|-
| Center
|
|
| Major General James Longstreet
|-
|
|
| A.P. Hill's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Ambrose Powell Hill|Ambrose P. Hill]]
|-
|
|
| Anderson's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Richard Heron Anderson|Richard H. Anderson]]
|-
|
|
| Colston's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Raleigh Edward Colston|Raleigh E. Colston]]
|-
|
|
| Pickett's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[George Edward Pickett|George E. Pickett]]
|-
|
|
| Wilcox's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Cadmus M. Wilcox]]
|-
|
|
| Pryor's Brigade
| Colonel G. A. Winston
|-
| Left Emplacement
|
|
| Major General [[Daniel Harvey Hill|Daniel H. Hill]]
|-
|
| Early's Division
|
| Brigadier General [[Jubal Anderson Early|Jubal A. Early]]
|-
|
|
| Early's Brigade
| Brigadier General Jubal A. Early
|-
|
|
| Rodes' Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Robert E. Rodes]]
|-
|
| Rains' Division
|
| Brigadier General [[Gabriel James Rains|Gabriel J. Rains]]
|-
|
|
| Rains' Brigade
| Brigadier General Gabriel J. Rains
|-
|
|
| Featherston's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Winfield Scott Featherston|Winfield S. Featherston]]
|-
|
|
| Gloucester Point
| Colonel Crump
|-
| Reserve
|
|
| Major General Gustavus W. Smith
|-
|
|
| Whiting's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[William Henry Chase Whiting|W. H. C. Whiting]]
|-
|
|
| Hood's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[John Bell Hood|John B. Hood]]
|-
|
|
| Colston's Brigade
| Brigadier General Raleigh E. Colston
|-
|
|
| Hampton's Brigade
| Colonel [[Wade Hampton III|Wade Hampton]]
|-
|
|
| Anderson's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[Samuel Read Anderson|Samuel R. Anderson]]
|-
|
|
| Pettigrew's Brigade
| Brigadier General [[James Johnston Pettigrew|James J. Pettigrew]]
|-
|
|
| Cavalry Brigade
| Brigadier General [[James Ewell Brown Stuart|J. E. B. Stuart]]
|}

At the outset of the [[Peninsula Campaign]] the Army of Northern Virginia had more than 55,633 soldiers. The cannon was assigned to the brigades, as well as the Reserve's artillery. Nominally, Jackson's [[Corps]] in the Shenandoah Valley, was subordinate to the Army. Since Jackson led his own campaign at the time of the Peninsula Campaign and was not under Lee's direct command this overview does not include his three divisions.

The Army's organization soon proved inept in the course of the Peninsula Campaign. The corps-like structure was rearranged before the [[Seven Days Battle]] to converge with the requirements of actual command. In the course of this battle the Army featured two Corps; Jackson's and Magruder's, with four and three divisions respectively, and three actual divisions with five to six brigades. Also the Defense District of North Carolina answered directly to the Army as well as the Reserve Artillery with six battalions and the cavalry with six regiments.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XI, Part II, p. 483ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&coll=moa&view=50&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0013%2F&tif=00485.TIF&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0013 Disposition at the beginning of the Seven Days Battle]</ref> The army's complete strength was about 90,000 soldiers. The exact strength cannot be determined, because only a few notes for actual provisionings survived. The estimated strength results, if not explicitly noted, from in-battle dispatches.

===Organization at the setout of the Northern Virginia Campaign===
The [[Seven Days Battle]] showed the Army still suffered from insufficient organization in army command. General Lee subdivided the army again, but this time only with single commands. He introduced a corps-like structure of command, and as an intermediate army management he named the left and right wing. The Army was organized on August 28, 1862, as follows.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XII, Part II, p. 546ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&coll=moa&view=50&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0016%2F&tif=00548.TIF&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0016 Disposition on the setout of the Northern Virginia Campaign]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Wing of the Army/Army troops
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade/Combat support
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| Right Wing
|
| 3 Artillery Battalions
| Major General James Longstreet
|-
|
| Anderson's Division
| 3 Brigades
| Major General Richard H. Anderson
|-
|
| Jones's Division
| 3 Brigades
| Brigadier General [[David Rumph Jones]]
|-
|
| Wilcox's Division
| 3 Brigades / 2 Artillery Batteries
| Brigadier General Cadmus M. Wilcox
|-
|
| Hood's Division
| 2 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Brigadier General John B. Hood
|-
|
| Kemper's Division
| 3 Brigades
| Brigadier General [[James Lawson Kemper|James L. Kemper]]
|-
|
|
| Evan's Brigade / 1 Artillery Battery
| Brigadier General [[Nathan George Evans]]
|-
| Left Wing
|
|
| Major General Thomas J. Jackson
|-
|
| Jackson's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Regiment
| Brigadier General [[William B. Taliaferro]]
|-
|
| Hill's Light Division
| 6 Brigades / 1 Artillery Regiment
| Major General Ambrose P. Hill
|-
|
| Ewell's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Regiment
| Major General [[Richard S. Ewell]]
|-
| Cavalry Division
|
| 3 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battery
| Major General J. E. B. Stuart
|}

The Army's Reserve Artillery consisted of one regiment and two battalions. They stayed in the area of Richmond in the course of the whole [[Northern Virginia Campaign]] and only returned on September 3, 1862, to the Army. Major General Hill's Division also remained in the eastern parts of Richmond with the order to bind [[George B. McClellan|McClellan's]] attention as long as possible.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XII, Part II, p. 176: [http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/recordView.cfm?page=176&dir=016 Hill's order]</ref> As it became predictable that the Army of the Potomac would soon be transferred to support Pope, Lee ordered the Division north.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XII, Part II, p. 553: [http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/recordView.cfm?page=553&dir=016 Hill's stay]</ref> Hill never entered battle in the campaign. A total of about 54,000 soldiers saw action throughout the campaign.

===Organization at the beginning of the Maryland Campaign===
The Army's losses before and following [[Second Battle of Bull Run|the Battle of Second Manassas]] needed to be replaced before the [[Maryland Campaign]] could commence. While fundamental changes in the Army's command structure were not necessary, General Lee exchanged divisions and brigades or added additional strength to some. The wings of the Army were now officially called 'Corps'. In the Maryland Campaign the Army was subdivided as follows.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XIX, Part I, p. 803ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0027&coll=moa&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0027%2F&tif=00819.TIF&view=75 Disposition on the setout of the Maryland Campaign]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Corps / Army group
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade/Combat support
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| Longstreet's Corps
|
| 2 Artillery Battalions
| Major General James Longstreet
|-
|
| Anderson's Division
| 6 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Richard H. Anderson
|-
|
| Jones's Division
| 6 Brigades / 4 Artillery Batteries
| Brigadier General David Rumph Jones
|-
|
| McLaws's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Lafayette McLaws
|-
|
| Hood's Division
| 2 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Brigadier General John B. Hood
|-
|
| Walker's Division
| 2 Brigades / 2 Batteries
| Brigadier General John G. Walker
|-
|
|
| Evans's Brigade / 1 Artillery Battery
| Brigadier General Nathan George Evans
|-
| Jackson's Corps
|
|
|Major General Thomas J. Jackson
|-
|
| Jackson's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Regiment
| Brigadier General [[John R. Jones]]
|-
|
| Hill's Light Division
| 6 Brigades / 1 Artillery Regiment
| Major General Ambrose P. Hill
|-
|
| Hill's Division
| 5 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Daniel H. Hill
|-
|
| Ewell's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Regiment
| Brigadier General [[Alexander Robert Lawton|Alexander R. Lawton]]
|-
| Cavalry Division
|
| 3 Brigades / 3 Artillery Batteries
| Major General J. E. B. Stuart
|-
| Reserve Artillery
|
| 4 Battalions / 5 Batteries
| Brigadier General [[William Nelson Pendleton|William N. Pendleton]]
|}

[[Image:Army of Northern Virginia Fredericksburg.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|Organization of the Army of Northern Virginia at the time of the [[Battle of Fredericksburg]] in December 1862]]
While organization of the corps was found to be generally reliable, the corps' subdivision into four or five divisions hampered overall ease of command. General Lee had already considered before the [[Battle of Antietam]] to slim down the overall structure, but intended there be no changes in leadership. The Confederate Congress authorized the establishment of the Corps, and President Davis affirmed the assignment of the commanders and promoted Major Generals Longstreet and Jackson to Lieutenant Generals. General Lee announced this in Special Order 234 on November 6, 1862.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XIX, Part II, p. 698f: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0028&coll=moa&view=50&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0028%2F&tif=00654.TIF&pagenum=698 Nomination of Commanding Generals]</ref> About 60,000 soldiers served at the Maryland Campaign.

=== Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ===
In the days following the [[Battle of Chancellorsville]] there were no changes in the army's command structure or hierarchy. The army replaced its own losses with new recruits and soldiers returning to duty. Lee made demands that all regiments had to be consolidated solely with recruits originating from their corresponding home states.

Following the [[Battle of Fredericksburg]] the Army of Northern Virginia could muster over 72,497 soldiers<ref>National Park Service, American Battlefield Protection Program: [https://web.archive.org/web/20020522204505/http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/va028.htm Troop strength of the Army of Northern Virginia at the Battle of Frederiksburgh]</ref> not counting other personnel. Not figuring into this overall number is the fact that Lee had made the decision to station a whole division and a single cavalry brigade at Shenandoah Valley for protection at this time and these troops are missing from the total estimates.

During the autumn of 1862 lasting throughout the following winter the army faced the [[Army of the Potomac]] at Rappahannock. Thereout arose a new problem: Because of the necessity to always show its presence to the enemy there were only limited supplies available for the army from the surrounding villages and towns. Any army at these times supplied itself along the way while moving across the theater of war. Even ordering supplies through the use of the rail, if it was an available option at all, took up considerable time and efforts and supply treks by wagons were potentially prone to enemy assaults. This left Lee with few options and therefore he gave the special order on December 24, 1862, to move half of his artillery into the hinterlands to have his horses better supplied. He forbade to assign all of the horses to any other task than official assignments.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Band XXI, S. 1077: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0031&coll=moa&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0031%2F&tif=01093.TIF&view=75 Special order Nr. 277]</ref>

On February 15, 1863, Lee rearranged his artillery. Six battalions were assigned to both corps, and the reserve was composed out of two more battalions.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Band XXV, Part II, S. 625f: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0040&coll=moa&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0040%2F&tif=00627.TIF&view=75 General order Nr. 20]</ref> The Confederate War Department strongly suggested in position papers to Lee dating from the February 18th, 1862 to station two divisions at the Atlantic coast. Lee was not averse to any such demands, probably very much on the contrary, because of the tight position he was in with the general lack of provisions, so he gave orders to General Longstreet to have it done so. Both of the assigned divisions only returned to join the Army of Northern Virginia again following the [[Battle of Chancellorsville]]. The army was composed at this battle out of over 61.500 soldiers.<ref>MilitaryHistoryOnline: [http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/civilwar/chancellorsville/introduction.aspx Army of Northern Virginia troop strengths at the Battle of Chancellorsville]</ref>

===Organization from May 30, 1863, until April 9, 1865===
Lee took Jackson's death as an opportunity to subdivide the North Virginia Corps again. President Jefferson Davis agreed to the subdivision and ordered Lee in his Special Order Nr. 146 to reorganize the Army.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XXV, Part II, p. 840: [http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/recordView.cfm?page=840&dir=040 Special Orders No. 146]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Corps/Army group
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade/Combat support
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| I Corps
|
|
| Lieutenant General James Longstreet
|-
|
| Pickett's Division
| 3 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General George E. Pickett
|-
|
| McLaws's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Lafayette McLaws
|-
|
| Hood's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General John B. Hood
|-
| II Corps
|
|
| Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell
|-
|
| Early's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Jubal A. Early
|-
|
| Johnson's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Edward Johnson
|-
|
| Rodes's Division
| 5 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Robert E. Rodes
|-
| III Corps
|
|
| Lieutenant General A.P. Hill
|-
|
| Anderson's Division
| 5 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General Richard H. Anderson
|-
|
| Heth's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General [[Henry Heth]]
|-
|
| Pender's Division
| 4 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General [[William D. Pender|W. Dorsey Pender]]
|-
| Cavalry Division
|
| 6 Brigades / 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General J. E. B. Stuart
|-
| Reserve Artillery
|
| 6 Battalions
| Brig. General William N. Pendleton
|-
| Imboden's Command
|
| gem. Brigade / 1 Artillery Battery
| Brigadier General John D. Imboden
|}
Lee ordered the artillery battalions of the Reserve Artillery to serve directly with the Corps for the duration of the [[Gettysburg Campaign]]. The Army of Northern Virginia now comprised a total of 75,054 soldiers at the [[Battle of Gettysburg]].<ref>National Park Service: [http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/pa002.htm Army's day-service strength]</ref>

The army fielded more than 241 cannons following the Battle of Gettysburg.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XXV, Part II, p. 355ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&coll=moa&view=50&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0044%2F&tif=00357.TIF&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0044 Artillery in the armory following the Battle of Gettysburg]</ref>

On September 9, General Lee had to dispatch the First Corps to [[Braxton Bragg]]'s [[Army of Tennessee]]. Following this the army was resubordinated again. Changes were not significant; only the cavalry saw important reorganization.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XXIX, Part I, p. 398ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0048%2F&tif=00416.TIF&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0048&coll=moa&frames=1&view=75 Disposition on September,30 1863]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Corps / Army group
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade/Combat support
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| II Corps
|
| 5 Artillery Battalions
| Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell
|-
|
| Early's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Jubal A. Early
|-
|
| Johnson's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Edward Johnson
|-
|
| Rodes's Division
| 5 Brigades
| Major General Robert E. Rodes
|-
| III Corps
|
| 5 Artillery Battalions
| Lieutenant General A.P. Hill
|-
|
| Anderson's Division
| 5 Brigades
| Major General Richard H. Anderson
|-
|
| Heth's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Henry Heth
|-
|
| Wilcox's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Cadmus M. Wilcox
|-
| Cavalry Corps
|
| 1 Artillery Battalion
| Major General J. E. B. Stuart
|-
|
| Hampton's Division
| 2 Brigades
| Major General [[Wade Hampton III|Wade Hampton]]
|-
|
| Lee's Division
| 3 Brigades
| Major General [[Fitzhugh Lee]]
|-
| Reserve Artillery
|
| 2 Battalions
| Major General William N. Pendleton
|-
| Defense District of Shenandoah Valley
|
| gem. Brigade / 1 Artillery Battery
| Brigadier General John D. Imboden
|-
| Cooke's Brigade
|
|
| Brigadier General [[John Rogers Cooke|John R. Cooke]]
|}
The Army's strength was then 55,221 soldiers. The changes in command until December 31, 1863, were only minor. Cooke's Brigade was assigned to serve with Heth's Division, Hampton's Division grew by a cavalry brigade and the Third Corps gained an additional artillery battalion. Imboden's Command remained at Shenandoah Valley and was taken over by Major General Early as the Defense District of Shenandoah Valley. The strength of the army was 54,715 men on December 31.

The organization of the Army of Northern Virginia did not change until the end of the war. The Army featured several corps, the corps featured several divisions, and the artillery was divided between the corps. The strength of the Army grew in the first six months from about 46,380 to 62,230 soldiers. The army was assigned in July to the Defense District of North Carolina and Richmond. In the course of the [[Siege of Petersburg|Richmond-Petersburg Campaign]] the number of soldiers temporarily grew to 82,633 while parts of the Army were under the command by Lieutenant General Early in Shenandoah Valley.

[[Image:Army of Northern Virginia Wilderness.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|Organization of the Army of Northern Virginia at the time of the [[Battle of the Wilderness]], fought between May 5 and May 7, 1864)]]
In 1864, the Army of Northern Virginia fought forces over twice as strong as that of the Potomac, James and Shenandoah Army in [[Overland Campaign|Grant's Overland Campaign]], Early's Raid against the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]], the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign, and Shenandoah Campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. The Army reorganized on January 31, 1865<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XLVI, Part II, p. 1170ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?frames=1&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fsgml%2Fmoa-idx%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0096&coll=moa&view=75&root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0096%2F&tif=01277.TIF&pagenum=1170 Disposition on January,31 1865]</ref> because 69,659 soldiers were fit for battle, but 4,500 or more had no rifles.<ref>The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. XLVI, Part I, p. 384ff: [http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?root=%2Fmoa%2Fwaro%2Fwaro0095%2F&tif=00406.TIF&cite=http%3A%2F%2Fcdl.library.cornell.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmoa%2Fmoa-cgi%3Fnotisid%3DANU4519-0095&coll=moa&frames=1&view=75 Army's strength on January 31, 1865]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Corps / Army group
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Division
!  style="width:150px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Brigade/Combat support
!  style="width:220px; background:#ffc1c1;"|Commander/Officers in charge
|-
| I Corps
|
| 6 Artillery Battalions
| Lieutenant General James Longstreet
|-
|
| Pickett's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General George E. Pickett
|-
|
| Field's Division
| 5 Brigades
| Major General Charles W. Field
|-
|
| Kershaw's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Joseph B. Kershaw
|-
| II Corps
|
| 4 Artillery Battalions
| Major General [[John B. Gordon]]
|-
|
| Early's Division
| 3 Brigades
| Brigadier General John Pegram
|-
|
| Gordon's Division
| 3 Brigades
| Brigadier General Clement A. Evans
|-
|
| Rodes's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Brigadier General Bryan Grimes
|-
| III Corps
|
| 7 Artillery Battalions
| Lieutenant General A.P. Hill
|-
|
| Mahone's Division
| 5 Brigades
| Major General William Mahone
|-
|
| Heth's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Henry Heth
|-
|
| Wilcox's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General Cadmus M. Wilcox
|-
| Anderson's Corps
|
| 4 Artillery Battalions
| Lieutenant General Richard H. Anderson
|-
|
| Johnson's Division
| 4 Brigades
| Major General [[Bushrod Rust Johnson]]
|-
| Defense District of Shenandoah Valley
|
| 6 Artillery Battalions
| Lieutenant General Jubal A. Early
|-
|
| Wharton's Division
| 3 Infantry / 1 Cavalry Brigades
| Brigadier General John A. Wharton
|-
| Cavalry Corps
|
| 3 Artillery Battalions
| Major General Wade Hampton
|-
|
| Lee's Division
| 3 Brig
| Major general [[William Henry Fitzhugh Lee|William H. F. Lee]]
|}