Editing Apollonius of Tyana (section)

=== The Middle Ages ===
During the medieval period, a number of works related to [[Hermeticism|Hermetic philosophy]] and [[medieval European magic]] were falsely attributed to Apollonius of Tyana which spanned the Greek, Arabic, and Latin traditions. 

In the Greek tradition, there is ''The Book of Wisdom'' (Greek: ''Biblos Sophias'') which is a twelfth-century astrological magic book that dates to the fifth century but survives only as late as the fifteenth century<sup>[unclear]</sup>. ''The Book of Wisdom'' may also have survived in the Latin and Arabic traditions as having been published and distributed as a series of short separate tracts or chapters under a variety of different titles.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Apollonios de Tyane |title=The book of wisdom of Apollonius of Tyana |last2=Marathakis |first2=Ioannis |last3=Ayash |first3=Nasser B. |date=2020 |publisher=Ioannis Marathakis |isbn=978-1-0966-5876-4 |location=Lieu de publication inconnu}}</ref> 

In the Latin tradition, there is the ''Golden Flowers'' (''Flores Aurei'') which is a thirteenth-century book of angelic magic which supposedly contains Apollonius' select extracts and prayers from the mythical and lost ''Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching'' (''Liber Florum Caelestis Doctrinae'') compiled by King Solomon. The ''Golden Flowers'' was later compiled with its own derivative text called the ''New Art'' (''Ars Nova'') which would later become known as ''The Notory Art'' (''[[Ars Notoria]]''). The ''Notory Art'' explains that Apollonius of Tyana is the spiritual successor to King Solomon's angelic magic; for this reason, ''The Notory Art'' is often classified as belonging to the Pseudo-Solomonic corpus of magical literature. Another pseudepigraphal Latin work attributed to Apollonius of Tyana is the lost ''On Making Angelic Things'' (''De Angelica Factura'' or ''De Angelica Factione'') cited by the Italian university professor [[Cecco d'Ascoli]] in his commentary on the Sphere of the Cosmos by [[Johannes de Sacrobosco|John de Sacrobosco]]. Another falsely attributed work is ''On the Seven Figures of the Seven Planets'' (''Liber De Septem Figuris Septem Planetarum'') which describes the seven [[magic square]]s attributed to the seven classical planets.

In the Arabic tradition, Apollonius of Tyana is called the "Master of the Talismans" (''Sahib at-tilasmat'') and known as Balinus (or, Balinas, Belenus, or Abuluniyus). The ninth-century ''Book of Balinas the Wise: On the Causes, or, the Book of the Secret of Creation'' (''Kitab Balaniyus al-Hakim fi'l- 'llal, Kitab Sirr al-khaliqa wa-san 'at al-tabi'a'') expounds upon the origins of the cosmos and its causes in six chapters and narrates the story of how Apollonius entered the crypt of [[Hermes Trismegistus]] to discover the [[Emerald Tablet]] (''Tabula Smaragdina'') which became a foundational text of [[alchemy]]. In this way, Apollonius of Tyana becomes the philosophical and alchemical successor to Hermes Trismegistus. Another Arabic book falsely attributed to Apollonius is the ''Treatise on Magic'' (''Risalat al-Sihr'') cited within the ''Great Introduction to the Treatise on Spirits and Talismans'' which was translated by [[Hunayn ibn Ishaq]] (''al-Mudkhal al-Kabir ila 'ilm af 'al al-Ruhaniyat waw Talassimat''). The ''Treatise on Magic'' might be the same work under its Latin titles ''De Hyle'' and ''De Arte Magica'' as cited by Cecco d'Ascoli.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Ars notoria: the notory art of Solomon: a medieval treatise on angelic magic and the art of memory |date=2023 |publisher=Inner Traditions |isbn=978-1-64411-528-2 |editor-last=Castle |editor-first=Matthias |location=Rochester, Vermont}}</ref>