Editing Alien and Sedition Acts (section)

=== Non-wartime use against Venezuelans ===
{{Main|J.G.G. v. Trump|March 2025 American deportations of Venezuelans}}

On September 20, 2024, amid [[Venezuelan refugee crisis|increased numbers of Venezuelans asylum seekers seeking refuge in the United States]], then-nominee [[Donald Trump]] announced that if elected president for a second term he would invoke the Alien Enemies Act to expedite the removal of non-citizens and criminal networks operating in the United States.<ref name="cbsnews.com">{{cite web |last1=Montoya-Galvez |first1=Camilo |last2=Watson |first2=Eleanor |last3=D'Agata |first3=Charlie |last4=Gómez |first4=Fin |last5=Sganga |first5=Nicole |date=March 15, 2025 |title=Trump to invoke wartime Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to carry out deportations to Guantanamo |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-alien-enemies-act-1798-deportations-guantanamo/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250314150519/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-alien-enemies-act-1798-deportations-guantanamo/ |archive-date=March 14, 2025 |accessdate=March 15, 2025 |website=[[CBS News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-21 |title=Trump vows to invoke a wartime law to deport suspected foreign gang members and drug dealers |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-alien-enemies-act-travel-ban-deport-drug-dealers-gang-members-rcna108121 |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=[[NBC News]] |language=en}}</ref> On October 27, 2024, he again invoked the Alien Enemies Act during a [[2024 Donald Trump rally at Madison Square Garden|campaign rally]] held at [[Madison Square Garden]], claiming that he would use it to remove illegal immigrants operating within gangs and criminal networks on "day one" of his presidency.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Treisman |first=Rachel |date=October 19, 2024 |title=Trump is promising deportations under the Alien Enemies Act of 1798. What is it? |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/10/19/nx-s1-5156027/alien-enemies-act-1798-trump-immigration |access-date=November 7, 2024 |website=[[NPR]]}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Levin |first=Bess |date=October 15, 2024 |title=Trump Plans to Use 18th-Century "Alien Enemies Act" for Mass Deportations |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/trump-plans-to-use-18th-century-alien-enemies-act-for-mass-deportations |website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}
</ref>

Trump repeated his intentions in his [[Second inauguration of Donald Trump|second inaugural address]] on January 20, 2025,<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 20, 2025 |title=The Inaugural Address |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/remarks/2025/01/the-inaugural-address/ |access-date=March 17, 2025 |publisher=[[The White House]] |language=en-US}}</ref> and on March 14, he signed a presidential proclamation invoking the Alien Enemies Act against what he termed an invasion being perpetrated or attempted by the Venezuelan criminal gang, [[Tren de Aragua]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 14, 2025 |title=Proclamation 10903 of March 14, 2025: Invocation of the Alien Enemies Act Regarding the Invasion of the United States by Tren de Aragua |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2025-03-20/pdf/2025-04865.pdf |access-date=March 21, 2025 |website=govinfo.gov |publisher=Federal Register, Vol. 90, No. 53}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |title=Invocation of the Alien Enemies Act regarding the invasion of the United States by Tren de Aragua |date=March 15, 2025 |publisher=[[The White House]] |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/invocation-of-the-alien-enemies-act-regarding-the-invasion-of-the-united-states-by-tren-de-aragua/ |language=en |access-date=March 15, 2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250315202035/https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/invocation-of-the-alien-enemies-act-regarding-the-invasion-of-the-united-states-by-tren-de-aragua/ |archive-date=March 15, 2025}}</ref> The following day he authorized the [[March 2025 Venezuelan deportations|deportation of Venezuelan suspected gang members]] to the [[Terrorism Confinement Center]] (CECOT) in [[El Salvador]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Garrett |first=Luke |date=2025-03-16 |title=U.S. deports hundreds of Venezuelans to El Salvador, despite court order |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/03/16/g-s1-54154/alien-enemies-el-salvador-trump |access-date=2025-03-17 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref> Trump's [[List of executive orders in the second presidency of Donald Trump|executive order]] was temporarily blocked the same day by Judge [[James Boasberg]] of the [[United States District Court for the District of Columbia|U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia]], following a lawsuit, ''[[J.G.G. v. Trump]]'', seeking to stop the deportations.<ref name="politico.com">{{cite web |last1=Ward |first1=Myah |last2=Cheney |first2=Kyle |last3=Bianco |first3=Ali |last4=Gerstein |first4=Josh |date=March 15, 2025 |title=Federal judge halts deportations after Trump invokes Alien Enemies Act |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2025/03/15/trump-deportation-lawsuit-00232121 |accessdate=March 15, 2025 |website=[[Politico]]}}</ref>

On April 7, 2025, the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]] [[Vacated judgment|vacated]] Judge Boasberg's [[Injunction|temporary restraining order]] and held that the plaintiffs must bring the lawsuit in Texas, where they are being held, not in Washington, D.C. The court also ruled that the government must provide sufficient notice to the plaintiffs and an opportunity to challenge the deportation. The ruling did not address the constitutionality of the deportation.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Supreme Court backs Trump in controversial deportations case |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/04/07/nx-s1-5345601/supreme-court-alien-enemies-act |access-date=2025-04-10 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Beitsch |first=Rebecca |last2=Schonfeld |first2=Zach |date=April 7, 2025 |title=Supreme Court lifts orders blocking Trump from deporting Venezuelans under Alien Enemies Act |url=https://thehill.com/regulation/court-battles/5237011-supreme-court-trump-venezuelans-alien-enemies-act/ |access-date=April 9, 2025 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>

On April 19, 2025, in a signal that the majority of justices did not trust that the Trump administration was complying with the April 7 ruling, the Supreme Court issued an emergency late-night order in ''[[W.M.M. v. Trump|A.A.R.P. v. Trump]],'' halting the deportation process in the [[United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas|Northern District of Texas]]. According to court filings, the government intended to fly the Venezuelan detainees out of the country within 24 hours.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stern |first=Mark Joseph |date=2025-04-19 |title=The Supreme Court’s Late-Night Rebuke to Trump Is Extraordinary in More Ways Than One |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2025/04/supreme-court-blocks-deportations-donald-trump-alito-dissent.html |access-date=2025-04-23 |work=Slate |language=en-US |issn=1091-2339}}</ref>