Editing 1957 (section)

===October===
{{Main|October 1957}}
[[File:Sputnik asm.jpg|thumb|right|October 4: Sputnik program begins, the first [[satellite]] launched into space]]
* [[October 1]] – The [[Africanized bee]] is accidentally released in [[Brazil]].{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}
* [[October 4]]
** [[Space Age]] – [[Sputnik program]]: The [[Soviet Union]] launches [[Sputnik 1]], the first artificial [[satellite]] to orbit the Earth.<ref>{{cite magazine |archive-date=17 May 2014 |department=From All Quarters |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1957/1957%20-%201472.html |title=First Man-made Satellite |magazine=[[Flight International]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517120058/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1957/1957%20-%201472.html |date=11 October 1957 |page=562 |access-date=24 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Project Mercury - A Chronology |chapter=Part 1 (A) Major Events Leading to Project Mercury March 1944 through December 1957 |last=Grimwood |first=James M. |series=NASA Special Publication-4001 |chapter-url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4001/p1a.htm |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=24 May 2023}}</ref>
** The [[Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow]] [[delta wing]] [[interceptor aircraft]] is unveiled.<ref>{{cite magazine |archive-date=17 May 2014 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1957/1957%20-%201472.html |title=The Arrow Unveiled |magazine=Flight International |department=From All Quarters |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517120058/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1957/1957%20-%201472.html |date=11 October 1957 |pages=562–563 |access-date=24 May 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 9]] – The [[Jodrell Bank]] [[radio telescope]] in [[Cheshire]], England, is controlled from its control room for the first time.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lovell |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Lovell |year=1968 |title=The Story of Jodrell Bank |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-217619-6 |url-access=registration |via=[[Internet Archive]] |url=https://archive.org/details/storyofjodrellba00love |page=193}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Lovell |first=Bernard |year=1990 |title=Astronomer by Chance |publisher=Macmillan |location=[[London]] |isbn=978-0-333-55195-0 |page=260}}</ref>
* [[October 10]] – [[Windscale fire]]: Fire at the [[Sellafield|Windscale]] [[nuclear reactor]] on the north-west coast of England releases radioactive material into the surrounding environment, including [[iodine-131]].<ref>{{cite news |title=RED-HOT URANIUM WORRIES BRITONS; 2 Plutonium Plant Reactors Halted, but Radioactivity Is Held Negligible No Hazard Detected Oxydization Variance Noted |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/12/archives/redhot-uranium-worries-britons-2-plutonium-plant-reactors-halted.html |date=12 October 1957 |at=Page 2, column 3 |access-date=27 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=London Radioactivity Raised by Atom Mishap |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/18/archives/london-radioactivity-raised-by-atom-mishap.html |date=18 October 1957 |at=Page 3, column 1 |access-date=30 May 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 11]] – The [[orbit]] of the last stage of the [[R-7 Semyorka]] rocket (carrying [[Sputnik I]]) is first successfully calculated on an [[IBM 704]] computer at the [[MIT Computation Center]] as part of [[Operation Moonwatch]], [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].
* [[October 20]] – Two trains [[Yarımburgaz train disaster|collide at Yarımburgaz]] in [[Turkey]]; 95 die.<ref>{{cite news |title=TRAIN WRECK KILLS 25; Simplon Express in Crash in Turkey--Toll May Rise |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/21/archives/train-wreck-kills-25-simplon-express-in-crash-in-turkeytoll-may.html |date=21 October 1957 |at=Page 3, column 4 |access-date=31 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=82 Dead and 171 Hurt In Turkish Rail Crash |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/22/archives/82-dead-and-171-hurt-in-turkish-rail-crash.html |date=22 October 1957 |at=Page 8, column 6 |access-date=31 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=TURKISH RAIL TOLL UP; Number of Dead Is Now 89 in Sunday's Crash |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/23/archives/turkish-rail-toll-up-number-of-dead-is-now-89-in-sundays-crash.html |date=23 October 1957 |at=Page 14, column 4 |access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 23]] – [[Morocco]] begins its [[Ifni War|invasion of Ifni]].
* [[October 27]] – [[Celâl Bayar]] is re-elected [[president of Turkey]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Haff |first=Joseph O. |title=BIG VOTE LIKELY IN TURKEY TODAY; National Election Is Test of Menderes Austerity and Republican Opposition Strain of Works Program |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/27/archives/big-vote-likely-in-turkey-today-national-election-is-test-of.html |date=27 October 1957 |at=Page 9, columns 2-6 |access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref>