Editing 1944 (section)

===October===
{{Main article|October 1944}}
[[File:Henry Larsen on St Roch.jpg|thumb|[[Henry Larsen (explorer)|Henry Larsen]] becomes the first person successfully to navigate the [[Northwest Passage]] in both directions, July–October 1944.]]
[[File:7th Cavalry Leyte Island 20 10 1944.jpeg|thumb|American troops advance towards San Jose on Leyte Island, October 20, 1944.]]
[[File:USS Princeton (CVL-23) 1944 10 24 1.jpg|thumb|[[Light aircraft carrier]] {{USS|Princeton|CVL-23|6}} afire, east of [[Luzon]], October 24, 1944.]]
[[File:Volkssturm armband.svg|thumb|[[Volkssturm]] founded in October 1944.]]
[[File:Douglas MacArthur lands Leyte1.jpg|thumb|[[Battle of Leyte]] begins – [[Douglas MacArthur|General MacArthur]] returns to the Philippines, October 20, 1944.]]
[[File:USS Princeton (CVL-23) burning on 24 October 1944 (80-G-287970).jpg|thumb|[[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] between [[United States]] and [[Japan]], October 23, 1944.]]
* [[October 2]] &ndash; WWII: [[Nazism|Nazi]] troops end the [[Warsaw Uprising]]. [[Home Army]] commander [[Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski]] signed the act of capitulation. This is followed by the [[Destruction of Warsaw]].
* [[October 4]] &ndash; WWII: [[Milan Nedić]]'s [[Collaborationism|collaborationist]] [[puppet government]] of the [[Axis powers]], the [[Government of National Salvation]] in [[Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia|Nazi-occupied Serbia]], is disbanded.
* [[October 5]] &ndash; WWII: [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] pilots<!--what squadron?--> from 401 Squadron shoot down the first German [[Messerschmitt Me 262|Me 262]] over the Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |last=International |first=Radio Canada |date=2018-10-05 |title=History Canada: Oct. 5, 1944 – RCAF downs the first German jet |url=https://www.rcinet.ca/en/2018/10/05/history-canada-oct-5-1944-rcaf-downs-the-first-german-jet/ |access-date=2025-04-06 |website=RCI {{!}} English |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[October 6]]
** WWII: The [[Battle of Debrecen]] starts on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]], lasting until [[October 29]].
** [[Milan Nedić]], president of the [[Serbia]]n [[Collaborationism|collaborationist]] [[puppet state]] of the [[Axis powers]], the [[Government of National Salvation]], flees from [[Belgrade]] in [[Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia|Nazi-occupied Serbia]] by air together with other Serbian collaborators and German officials, via Hungary to Austria.
** The [[Dumbarton Oaks Conference]] concludes.
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: Members of the [[Sonderkommando]] – a special detachment of Jewish prisoners who are forced to empty the gas chambers after a mass gassing and undertake the burning of the bodies – organises the only armed revolt that ever takes place in [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]. They succeed in destroying the gas chambers and Crematorium IV. The Waffen-SS murders more than 450 prisoners who take part in the revolt.
* [[October 8]] &ndash; ''[[The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet]]'' radio show debuts in the United States.
* [[October 9]] &ndash; WWII: Fourth [[Moscow Conference (1944)|Moscow Conference]]: British Prime Minister [[Winston Churchill]] and [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] Premier [[Joseph Stalin]] begin a 9-day conference in Moscow, to discuss the future of Europe.
* [[October 10]]
** [[The Holocaust]]/[[Porajmos]]: 800 [[Romani people|Romani]] children are systematically murdered at the [[Auschwitz concentration camp]].
** WWII: [[Formosa Air Battle#Background|10/10 Air Raid]]: Allied forces inflict significant losses upon [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] ships moored in [[Naha]] Harbor, destroying much of the city of Naha, [[Okinawa prefecture|Okinawa]] as well.<!--See [[:ja:https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E3%83%BB%E5%8D%81%E7%A9%BA%E8%A5%B2]]-->
** WWII: Soviet forces reach the [[Baltic Sea]] coast in [[Lithuania]], cutting off German [[Army Group North]] and creating the [[Courland Pocket]].
* [[October 11]] &ndash; The [[Tuvan People's Republic]] is annexed into the [[Soviet Union]].
* [[October 12]]
** WWII: The Germans leave [[Athens]], as the first Allied troops and Greek guerrillas enter the city [[File:Flag of Liberty of the Athenians.svg|thumb|right|'Athenian Liberty' flag raised, on the [[Acropolis of Athens]] on the liberation of the city on 12 October 1944]]
** Canadian [[Arctic]] explorer [[Henry Larsen (explorer)|Henry Larsen]] returns to Vancouver, becoming the first person successfully to navigate the [[Northwest Passage]] in both directions, in the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] schooner {{ship||St. Roch|ship|2}}. His westbound voyage is the first completed in a single season, and the first passage through the [[Prince of Wales Strait]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
* [[October 13]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Riga]], the capital of [[Latvia]], is taken by the [[Red Army]].
** The first [[V-2]] rocket attack on [[Antwerp]] takes place.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.v2rocket.com/start/chapters/antwerp.html|title=Antwerp, "City of Sudden Death"|work=V2Rocket.com|access-date=2013-04-24}}</ref>
* [[October 14]] &ndash; WWII: German [[Field Marshal]] [[Erwin Rommel]] commits [[forced suicide]] rather than face public disgrace and execution for allegedly conspiring against [[Adolf Hitler]].
* [[October 15]]&ndash;[[October 16|16]] &ndash; WWII: In Hungary, with the support of German troops, a coup d'état took place, the fascist government of [[Ferenc Szálasi]] came to power, ordering the troops to continue the fight against the Soviet army.
* [[October 16]] &ndash; WWII: American bombing of [[Salzburg]] destroys the dome of [[Salzburg Cathedral|the city's cathedral]] and most of a [[Mozart family]] home.
* [[October 18]] &ndash; WWII: The [[Volkssturm]] Nazi [[militia]] is founded, on [[Adolf Hitler]]'s orders.
* [[October 19]] &ndash; The [[Guatemalan Revolution]] begins with the overthrow of [[Federico Ponce Vaides]] by a popular leftist movement.
* [[October 20]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Belgrade Offensive]] ends when [[Belgrade]] is liberated by [[Yugoslav Partisans]], together with the [[Bulgarian Land Forces|Bulgarian Army]] and the [[Red Army]], and the remnants of Nedić's collaborationist Serbian puppet state, the [[Government of National Salvation]], are abolished.
** American and Filipino troops (with Filipino guerrillas) begin the [[Battle of Leyte]] in the [[Philippines]]. American forces land on Red Beach in [[Palo, Leyte]], as General [[Douglas MacArthur]] returns to the Philippines with Philippine Commonwealth president [[Sergio Osmeña]] and [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]] Generals Basilio J. Valdes and [[Carlos P. Romulo]]. American forces land on the beaches in [[Dulag, Leyte]], accompanied by Filipino troops entering the town, and fiercely opposed by the Japanese occupation forces. The combined forces liberate [[Tacloban]].
** [[Operation Pheasant]] begins – an offensive in the Netherlands which supports the ongoing [[Battle of the Scheldt]].
* [[October 21]] &ndash; WWII: [[Aachen]], the first German city to fall, is captured by American troops.
* [[October 23]]&ndash;[[October 26|26]] &ndash; WWII: Naval [[Battle of Leyte Gulf]] in the [[Philippines]] – In the [[largest naval battle in history]] by most criteria and the last naval battle in history between [[battleship]]s,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Decisive Battles of the Western World|volume=III|last=Fuller|first=John F. C.|author-link=J. F. C. Fuller|year=1956|publisher=Eyre & Spottiswoode|location=London}}</ref> combined United States and Australian naval forces decisively defeat the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. This is the first battle in which Japanese aircraft carry out organized ''[[kamikaze]]'' attacks.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Leyte, June 1944–January 1945|title=[[History of United States Naval Operations in World War II]]|volume=XII|last=Morison|first=Samuel E.|author-link=Samuel Eliot Morison|year=1956|publisher=Little & Brown|location=Boston}}</ref>
* [[October 24]]
** Battle of Leyte Gulf: The {{ship|Japanese battleship|Musashi}} is sunk by United States aircraft.
** The [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] recognise [[Charles de Gaulle]]'s cabinet as the provisional government of France.
* [[October 25]]
** WWII: The [[Red Army]] liberates [[Kirkenes]], the first town in Norway to be liberated.
** WWII: {{USS|Tang|SS-306|6}} is sunk in the [[Formosa Strait]] by one of her own torpedoes. [[Medal of Honor]]-winning submarine ace [[Richard O'Kane]] becomes a [[prisoner of war]].
** 76-year-old American amateur soprano [[Florence Foster Jenkins]] gives a sell-out public recital in [[Carnegie Hall]], New York. The audience and press are scathing: "she can sing everything except notes".<ref>[[The Sun (New York City)|''The Sun'' (New York City)]], 26 October.</ref> 5 days later she suffers a fatal heart attack, dying at home on November 26.
* [[October 27]] &ndash; WWII: German forces capture [[Banská Bystrica]], the center of anti-Nazi opposition in Slovakia, bringing the [[Slovak National Uprising]] to an end.
* [[October 30]]
** [[The Holocaust]]: [[Anne Frank]] and her sister [[Margot Frank|Margot]] are deported from [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] to the [[Bergen-Belsen concentration camp]].
** ''[[Appalachian Spring]]'', a ballet by [[Martha Graham]] with music by [[Aaron Copland]], debuts at the [[Library of Congress]] in Washington, D.C., with Graham in the lead role.
* [[October 31]] &ndash; Serial killer Dr [[Marcel Petiot]] is apprehended at a [[Paris Métro]] station after 7 months on the run.