Editing 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake (section)

==Recovery==
The government quickly realised that the Napier borough council would be overwhelmed with organising the rebuild and appointed two commissioners for this task, [[John Barton (public administrator)|John Barton]] and Lachlan Bain Campbell.<ref name="Te Ara">{{cite encyclopedia|last1=McSaveney|first1=Eileen|title=Historic earthquakes – Rebuilding Napier|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/historic-earthquakes/page-8|encyclopedia=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]|access-date=15 June 2015|date=13 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite conference |url=http://www.ipenz.org.nz/Heritage/Conference2014/Proceedings/Karen%20Astwood%20paper%20(300%20KB).pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118093437/http://www.ipenz.org.nz/Heritage/Conference2014/Proceedings/Karen%20Astwood%20paper%20(300%20KB).pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 January 2015 |title=Learning from experience: three case studies of New Zealand natural disasters and engineers' responses, 1878–1953 |last=Astwood |first=Karen |date=24–26 November 2014 |location=Lincoln University, New Zealand |conference=4th Australasian Engineering Heritage Conference }}</ref> When the commissioners were due to leave in May 1933, they were petitioned to stay, and Barton was invited to stand for the mayoralty, which he declined.<ref name="DNZB Barton">{{DNZB|last=Axford|first=C. Joy|id=4b9|title=John Saxon Barton|access-date=23 August 2016}}</ref>
[[File:Tin town, napier.jpg|thumb|The temporary shopping centre known as "Tin Town"]]

{{Anchor|Tin Town}}Several temporary structures were built following the earthquake, including the shopping centre commonly referred to as Tin Town in Clive Square.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=McSaveney |first=Eileen |date=12 June 2006 |title=Rebuilding Napier |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/historic-earthquakes/page-8 |access-date=11 May 2024 |website=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]}}</ref> It remained for about two years,<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Heather |first=Ben |date=31 October 2011 |title=Napier's 'Tin Town' did it first |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/5878800/Napiers-Tin-Town-did-it-first |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=[[The Press]] |publisher=Stuff|location=New Zealand}}</ref> housed over 50 businesses, and was created with a £10,000 loan<ref name=":0" /> which did not have to be paid back. According to ''[[The Press]]'', it was the world's first "pop-up mall".<ref name=":1" />

The earthquake prompted a thorough review of New Zealand [[building code]]s,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hicks |first1=Geoffrey R. F. |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126174593 |title=Awesome Forces: The Natural Hazards That Threaten New Zealand |last2=Campbell |first2=Hamish |date=2012-01-01 |publisher=Te Papa Press |isbn=978-1-877385-87-2 |pages=51}}</ref> which were found to be totally inadequate.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://ojs.aut.ac.nz/interstices/index.php/Interstices/article/view/260/262 |last=Walker |first=Paul |date=1992 |title=Shaky Ground |journal=Interstices: Journal of Architecture and Related Arts |pages=25–44|doi=10.24135/ijara.v0i0.260 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The first earthquake building code was created in 1935.{{sfn|Dowrick|1998|p=141}} Many buildings built during the 1930s and 1940s are heavily reinforced, although more recent research has developed other strengthening techniques. Building regulations established as a result of this event mean that to this day, there are only four buildings in Hawke's Bay taller than five storeys, and as most of the region's rebuilding took place in the 1930s when [[Art Deco]] was fashionable, Hawke's Bay architecture is regarded today as being one of the finest collections of Art Deco in the world.<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/earthquake-helped-turn-city-art-deco-capital-world-180958081/ | title = How an Earthquake Turned This New Zealand Town into the Art Deco Capital of the World | last = Nalewicki | first = Jennifer | date = 19 February 2016 | website = SmithsonianMag.com | access-date = 16 November 2023}}</ref>

At the time of the earthquake, there were no national emergency response organisations or legal provisions in case of such disaster, which was a hindrance to recovery. As a result, new legislation had to be passed quickly,<ref>{{Cite web |last=McSaveney |first=Eileen |date=12 June 2006 |title=The Hawke's Bay Earthquake Act 1931 |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/document/4569/the-hawkes-bay-earthquake-act-1931 |access-date=12 May 2024 |website=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]}}</ref> such as the Hawke's Bay Earthquake Act 1931 which received assent on 28 April to give out loans for the rebuild. The [[Great Depression]] caused difficulty gathering funds however, so a large portion came from charity.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-21 |title=Major New Zealand earthquakes since 1855 – New Zealand Parliament |url=https://www.parliament.nz/mi/pb/research-papers/document/00PLEcoRP2016031/major-new-zealand-earthquakes-since-1855 |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=parliament.nz}}</ref>

On the tenth anniversary of the earthquake, the ''[[New Zealand Listener]]'' reported that Napier had risen from the ashes like a phoenix. It quoted the 1931 principal of [[Napier Girls' High School]] as saying "Napier today is a far lovelier city than it was before".{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}

The New Napier Carnival was held in January 1933 to celebrate the rebuild of the town,<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=New Napier Week Carnival |url=https://collection.mtghawkesbay.com/objects/73138/new-napier-week-carnival |access-date=14 May 2024 |website=[[MTG Hawke's Bay]]}}</ref> which officially declared it reborn.<ref name=":2" />