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==References== {{Reflist}} === Works cited === {{Refbegin|30em|indent=yes}} * [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Germany ''Atlas of Germany''] Wikipedia maps; not copyright * {{Cite book |last=Adams |first=Simon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QwiQVy3BVs8C |title=The Thirty Years' War |date=1997 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-4151-2883-4}} * {{Cite book |last=Barraclough |first=Geoffrey |title=The Origins of Modern Germany |date=1984 |publisher=W.W. Norton |isbn=978-0-3933-0153-3 |edition=1st paperback |ol=18327036M |author-link=Geoffrey Barraclough |orig-date=1946}} * {{Cite book |last=Beevor |first=Antony |title=The Second World War |title-link=The Second World War (book) |date=2012 |publisher=Little, Brown |isbn=978-0-3160-2374-0 |location=New York}} * {{Cite magazine |last=Bordewich |first=Fergus M. |date=September 2005 |title=The Ambush That Changed History: An amateur archaeologist discovers the field where wily Germanic warriors halted the spread of the Roman Empire |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/ambush.html#ixzz1E6QmkvIw |magazine=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]}} * {{Cite book |last1=Bowman |first1=Alan K. |title=The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193–337 |last2=Garnsey |first2=Peter |last3=Cameron |first3=Averil |date=2005 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-5213-0199-2 |series=The Cambridge Ancient History |volume=12}} * {{Cite book |last=Bradbury |first=Jim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3FRsBgAAQBAJ |title=The Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare |date=2004 |publisher=[[Routledge Press|Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-1345-9847-2 |series=Routledge Companions to History |author-link=Jim Bradbury}} * {{Cite book |last=Brady |first=Thomas A. Jr. |title=German Histories in the Age of Reformations, 1400–1650 |date=2009 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-5218-8909-4 |location=Cambridge; New York}} * {{Cite book |last=Carr |first=William |title=A History of Germany: 1815-1990 |date=1991 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-3405-5930-7 |edition=4 |author-link=William Carr (historian)}} * {{Cite book |last=Carsten |first=Francis |title=The Origins of Prussia |date=1958}} * {{Cite book |last=Clark |first=Christopher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LPODzLgDVEC |title=Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947 |date=2006 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-6740-2385-7 |author-link=Christopher Clark}} * {{Cite book |last=Claster |first=Jill N. |url=https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_g6n9 |title=Medieval Experience: 300–1400 |date=1982 |publisher=[[New York University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8147-1381-5 |url-access=registration}} * {{Cite book |last=Damminger |first=Folke |title=Franks and Alamanni in the Merovingian Period: An Ethnographic Perspective |date=2003 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=978-1-8438-3035-1 |editor-last=Wood |editor-first=Ian |editor-link=Ian S. Wood |edition=Revised |series=Studies in Historical Archaeoethnology |volume=3 |chapter=Dwellings, Settlements and Settlement Patterns in Merovingian Southwest Germany and adjacent areas |issn=1560-3687 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yhaSRVnI1Y4C}} * {{Cite book |last=Day |first=Clive |url=https://archive.org/details/ahistorycommerc07daygoog |title=A History of Commerce |date=1914 |publisher=Longmans, Green, and Company |page=[https://archive.org/details/ahistorycommerc07daygoog/page/n308 252]}} * {{Cite book |last=Drew |first=Katherine Fischer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ndnacsQBBUsC |title=The Laws of the Salian Franks |date=2011 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-0050-8 |series=The Middle Ages Series}} * {{Cite book |last=Evans |first=Richard J. |title=The Coming of the Third Reich |title-link=The Coming of the Third Reich |date=2003 |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-1430-3469-8 |location=New York |author-link=Richard J. Evans}} *: {{Cite book |last=Evans |first=Richard J. |url=https://archive.org/details/thirdreichinpowe00evan |title=The Third Reich in Power |date=2005 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-1430-3790-3 |location=New York |author-mask=1}} * {{Cite book |last=Fichtner |first=Paula S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ilyK1_1f0zYC |title=Historical Dictionary of Austria |date=2009 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-6310-1 |edition=2nd |volume=70}} * {{Cite book |last=Fortson |first=Benjamin W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bSxHgej4tKMC |title=Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction |date=2011 |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-4443-5968-8 |edition=2nd |series=Blackwell Textbooks in Linguistics |volume=30}} * {{Cite book |last=Fuhrmann |first=Horst |title=Germany in the High Middle Ages: C.1050–1200 |date=1986 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-5213-1980-5}} * {{Cite book |last=Green |first=Dennis H. |title=[[Language and history in the early Germanic world]] |date=2000 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-5217-9423-7 |edition=Revised}} *: {{Cite book |last=Green |first=Dennis H. |title=The Visigoths from the Migration Period to the Seventh Century: An Ethnographic Perspective |date=2003 |publisher=[[Boydell & Brewer]] |isbn=978-1-8438-3033-7 |editor-last=Heather |editor-first=Peter |editor-link=Peter Heather |edition=Revised |volume=4 |chapter=Linguistic evidence for the early migrations of the Goths |author-mask=1 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4MADmH2eaGIC}} * {{Cite book |last=Hayton |first=Darin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4VnkCgAAQBAJ |title=The Crown and the Cosmos: Astrology and the Politics of Maximilian I |date=2015 |publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press |isbn=978-0-8229-8113-8 |language=en |access-date=25 December 2021}} * {{Cite book |last=Heather |first=Peter J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCOJfTB7HtgC |title=The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians |date=2006 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-1951-5954-7 |edition=Reprint |author-link=Peter Heather}} * {{Cite book |last=Historicus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pz9NAQAAIAAJ |title=Frankreichs 33 Eroberungskriege |date=1935 |publisher=Internationaler Verlag |others=Translated from the French. Foreword by Alcide Ebray |edition=3rd |language=de |trans-title=France's 33 wars of conquest |access-date=21 November 2015}} * {{Cite book |last=Heather |first=Peter |title=Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe |date=2010 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}} * {{Cite book |last=Hen |first=Yitzhak |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_fAl6ACLP7oC |title=Culture and Religion in Merovingian Gaul: A.D. 481–751 |date=1995 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-9-0041-0347-4 |series=Cultures, Beliefs and Traditions: Medieval and Early Modern Peoples Series |volume=1 |author-link=Yitzhak Hen |access-date=26 November 2015}} * {{Cite book |last=Holborn |first=Hajo |ol=21270043M |title=A History of Modern Germany |volume=1: The Reformation 1648–1840 |date=1959 |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |author-link=Hajo Holborn |oclc=1035596914}} ** {{Cite book |last=Holborn |author-mask=1 |first=Hajo |ol=24953951M |title=A History of Modern Germany |volume=2: 1648–1840 |date=1964 |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |author-link=Hajo Holborn |oclc=25222664}} ** {{Cite book |last=Holborn |author-mask=1 |first=Hajo |ol=6269387M |title=A History of Modern Germany |volume=3: 1840–1945 |date=1969 |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |author-link=Hajo Holborn |oclc=23101189}} * {{Cite book |last=Kershaw |first=Ian |title=Hitler: A Biography |date=2008 |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |isbn=978-0-3930-6757-6 |location=New York}} * {{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQoKeohhNkMC |title=Medieval France: An Encyclopedia |date=1995 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-8240-4444-2 |editor-last=Kibler |editor-first=William W. |series=Garland Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages |volume=2 |access-date=26 November 2015}} * {{Cite book |last=Kristinsson |first=Axel |title=Expansions: Competition and Conquest in Europe Since the Bronze Age |date=2010 |publisher=ReykjavíkurAkademían |isbn=978-9-9799-9221-9 |chapter=Germanic expansion and the fall of Rome |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9s2uzr47M-cC}} * {{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Loyd E. |date=1985 |title=The German Confederation and the Consolidation of State Power in the South German States, 1815–1848 |journal=Consortium on Revolutionary Europe 1750–1850: Proceedings |volume=15}} * {{Cite book |last=Longerich |first=Peter |title=Heinrich Himmler: A Life |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-1995-9232-6 |location=Oxford; New York}} * {{Cite book |last=Majer |first=Diemut |title="Non-Germans" under the Third Reich: The Nazi Judicial and Administrative System in Germany and Occupied Eastern Europe, with Special Regard to Occupied Poland, 1939–1945 |date=2003 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-0-8018-6493-3 |location=Baltimore; London}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Princes and Princely Culture: 1450–1650 |publisher=BRILL |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6cqMgy6ZxlMC&pg=PA298 |access-date=24 October 2021 |last=Müller |first=Jan-Dirk |date=2003 |editor-last=Gosman |editor-first=Martin |page=298 |isbn=978-9-0041-3572-7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024064350/https://books.google.com/books?id=6cqMgy6ZxlMC&pg=PA298 |archive-date=24 October 2021 |editor-last2=Alasdair |editor-first2=A. |editor-last3=MacDonald |editor-first3=A. |editor-last4=Macdonald |editor-first4=Alasdair James |editor-last5=Vanderjagt |editor-first5=Arie Johan |url-status=live}} * {{Cite book |last=Mommsen |first=Hans |title=The Rise and Fall of Weimar Democracy |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-8078-4721-6 |location=Chapel Hill, NC |pages=11–12 |translator-last=Forster |translator-first=Elborg |translator-last2=Jones |translator-first2=Larry Eugene}} * {{Cite book |last=Noflatscher |first=Heinz |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PqT5V2mq4SIC |title=Maximilian I. (1459–1519): Wahrnehmung – Übersetzungen – Gender |date=2011 |publisher=StudienVerlag |isbn=978-3-7065-4951-6 |page=245 |language=de |access-date=7 November 2021}} * {{Cite book |last=Nipperdey |first=Thomas |url=https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691636115/germany-from-napoleon-to-bismarck |title=Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck: 1800–1866 |date=1996 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-6916-0755-9 |translator-last=Nolan |translator-first=Daniel |ol=1273142M |author-link=Thomas Nipperdey}} * {{Cite book |last=Ozment |first=Steven |title=A Mighty Fortress: A New History of the German People |date=2004 |publisher=[[Harper Perennial]] |isbn=978-0-0609-3483-5}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Germany |encyclopedia=Concise Encyclopedia of World History |publisher=Atlantic Publishers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gGKsS-9h4BYC |last=Ramirez-Faria |first=Carlos |date=2007 |isbn=978-8-1269-0775-5}} * {{Cite book |last=Richie |first=Alexandra |title=Faust's Metropolis. A History of Berlin |date=1998 |page=207}}; emphasis on 20th century * {{Cite book |last=Rodes |first=John E. |title=Germany: A History |date=1964 |publisher=[[Holt, Rinehart and Winston]] |asin=B0000CM7NW}} * {{Cite book |last=Rüger |first=C. |title=The Cambridge Ancient History: X, The Augustan Empire, 43 B.C. – A.D. 69 |date=2004 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-5212-6430-3 |editor-last=Bowman |editor-first=Alan K. |edition=2nd |volume=10 |chapter=Germany |orig-date=1996 |editor-last2=Champlin |editor-first2=Edward |editor-last3=Lintott |editor-first3=Andrew |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JZLW4-wba7UC&pg=PA528}} * {{Cite book |last=Sagarra |first=Eda |title=A Social History of Germany 1648–1914 |date=1977 |publisher=Transaction Publishers |isbn=978-1-4128-3431-5 |edition=2002}} * {{Cite book |last=Schulman |first=Jana K. |title=The Rise of the Medieval World, 500–1300: A Biographical Dictionary |date=2002 |publisher=Greenwood Press}} * {{Cite book |last=Sheehan |first=James J. |title=German History 1770–1866 |date=1989 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-1982-0432-9 |series=Oxford History of Modern Europe |location=Oxford |ol=7397485M |author-link=James J. Sheehan}} * {{Cite book |last=Stollberg-Rilinger |first=Barbara |title=The Holy Roman Empire: A Short History |date=11 May 2021 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-6912-1731-4 |edition=first paperback |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=w5IIEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA46 46–53] |language=de |trans-title=Das Heilige Römische Reich Deutscher Nation: Vom Ende des Mittelalters bis 1806 |ol=34693404M |orig-date=2018}} * {{cite book |last1=Stolper |first1=Gustav |title=German Economy, 1870-1940: Issues and Trends |date=14 June 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-84711-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d_8nDwAAQBAJ |language=en}} * {{Cite book |last=Thompson |first=James Westfall |title=Economic and Social History of Europe in the Later Middle Ages (1300–1530) |date=1931}} * {{Cite book |last=Van Dam |first=Raymond |title=The New Cambridge Medieval History |date=1995 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-5218-5360-6 |editor-last=Fouracre |editor-first=Paul |editor-link=Paul Fouracre |series=Vol. 1, C.500–700 |chapter=8: Merovingian Gaul and the Frankish conquests |access-date=23 November 2015 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JcmwuoTsKO0C}} * {{Cite book |last=Whaley |first=Joachim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ax6DCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA74 |title=Germany and the Holy Roman Empire: Volume II: The Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich, 1648-1806 |date=24 November 2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-1916-2822-1 |location=Oxford |page=74 |access-date=3 March 2022}} * {{Cite book |last=Wiesflecker |first=Hermann |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PmIiAQAAIAAJ |title=Maximilian I. |date=1991 |publisher=Verlag für Geschichte und Politik |isbn=978-3-7028-0308-7 |language=de |access-date=21 November 2015}} * {{Cite book |last=Wilson |first=Peter H. |title=Heart of Europe: A History of the Holy Roman Empire |date=2016 |publisher=[[Belknap Press]] |isbn=978-0-6740-5809-5 |author-link=Peter H. Wilson}} {{Refend}}
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