Editing High-speed rail (section)

==== Italy ====
{{Main|High-speed rail in Italy}}
[[File:フレッチャロッサ (36309438424).jpg|thumb|Two [[Frecciarossa 1000]] at [[Milano Centrale]]]]
During the 1920s and 1930s, Italy was one of the first countries to develop the technology for high-speed rail. The country constructed the ''Direttissime'' railways connecting major cities on dedicated electrified high-speed track (although at speeds lower to what today would be considered high-speed rail) and developed the fast [[ETR 200]] trainset. After the Second World War and the fall of the fascist regime, interest in high-speed rail dwindled, with the successive governments considering it too costly and developing the tilting [[Pendolino]], to run at medium-high speed (up to {{cvt|250|km/h|mph}}) on conventional lines, instead.

A true dedicated high-speed rail network was developed during the 1980s and the 1990s, and {{convert|1000|km|0|abbr=on}} of high-speed rail were fully operational by 2010. Frecciarossa services are operated with [[ETR 500]] and [[Frecciarossa 1000|ETR1000]] non-tilting trains at 25kVAC, 50&nbsp;Hz power. The operational speed of the service is {{convert|300|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}}.

Over 100 million passengers used the Frecciarossa from the service introduction up to the first months of 2012.<ref>{{cite web|language=it|title=Alta Velocità: tagliato il traguardo dei 100 milioni di viaggiatori|date=10 May 2012|url=http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Trasporti-e-Mobilita/2012/5/10/ALTA-VELOCITA-Tagliato-il-traguardo-dei-100-milioni-di-viaggiatori/277551/|publisher=ilsussidiario.net|access-date=25 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032808/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Trasporti-e-Mobilita/2012/5/10/ALTA-VELOCITA-Tagliato-il-traguardo-dei-100-milioni-di-viaggiatori/277551/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The high-speed rail system serves about 20 billion passenger-km per year as of 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Il mercato del Trasporto Ferroviario A/V – NTV, Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori|url=https://www.ntvspa.it/investor-relations/il-mercato-del-trasporto-ferroviario-a-v.html|website=www.ntvspa.it|access-date=13 October 2017|language=it}}</ref>
Italian high-speed services are profitable without government funding.<ref>{{cite web|language=it|title=Trenitalia: Dal 2013 a rischio il trasporto locale|url=http://tg24.sky.it/tg24/economia/2012/06/11/trenitalia_fs_mauro_moretti_treni_locali.html|publisher=SkyTG24|access-date=25 June 2012|archive-date=4 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404233037/http://tg24.sky.it/tg24/economia/2012/06/11/trenitalia_fs_mauro_moretti_treni_locali.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori]], the world's first private open-access operator of high-speed rail, is operative in Italy since 2012.<ref>{{cite web|title=Alta velocità e concorrenza: parte la sfida|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/impresa-e-territori/2012-04-24/alta-velocita-concorrenza-parte-160359.shtml?uuid=AbHufzSF|publisher=il Sole 24 Ore|access-date=28 April 2012}}</ref>