Editing Whiskey Rebellion (section)

==== Militia expedition ====
Under the authority of the recently passed federal militia law, the state militias were called up by the governors of New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania. The federalized militia force of 12,950 men was a large army by American standards of the time, comparable to Washington's armies during the Revolution.<ref>{{harvnb|Chernow |2004 |pp=475–76}}; Hogeland, 189.</ref> Relatively few men volunteered for militia service, so a draft was used to fill out the ranks.  Draft evasion was widespread, and conscription efforts resulted in protests and riots, even in eastern areas. Three counties in eastern Virginia were the scenes of armed draft resistance. In Maryland, Governor [[Thomas Sim Lee]] sent 800 men to quash an anti-draft riot in [[Hagerstown, Maryland|Hagerstown]]; about 150 people were arrested.{{sfn |Slaughter |1986 |pp=210–14}}

[[File:AlbertGallatin.jpeg|thumb|Photo of [[Albert Gallatin]], who spoke publicly to rebel groups about the need for moderation]]

[[Liberty pole]]s were raised in various places as the militia was recruited, worrying federal officials. A liberty pole was raised in [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania]] on September 11, 1794.{{sfn |Slaughter |1986 |p=208}} The federalized militia arrived in that town later that month and rounded up suspected pole-raisers. Two civilians were killed in these operations. On September 29, an unarmed boy was shot by an officer whose pistol accidentally fired. Two days later, an "Itinerant Person" was "Bayoneted" to death by a soldier while resisting arrest (the man had tried to wrest the rifle from the soldier he confronted; it is possible he had been a member of a 500-strong Irish work crew nearby who were "digging, a [[Schuylkill and Susquehanna Navigation Company#Washington's 1794 militia expedition to Pittsburgh|canal]] into the Sculkill" {{sic}}; at least one of that work gang's members protested the killing so vigorously that he was "put under guard").<ref name="forman">{{cite web|last=Forman|first=Jonathan| title= Journal of Jonathan Forman (7 pgs.), September 21, 1794 – October 25, 1794: Box 1, Folder 1 Jonathan Forman Papers, September 21, 1794 – October 25, 1794, DAR.1982.01, Darlington Collection, Special Collections Department, University of Pittsburgh|url=http://digital.library.pitt.edu/u/ulsmanuscripts/pdf/31735051656100.pdf|access-date=August 2, 2017}}</ref> President Washington ordered the arrest of the two soldiers and had them turned over to civilian authorities. A state judge determined that the deaths had been accidental, and the soldiers were released.<ref>{{harvnb |Slaughter |1986 |pp=205–06}}; Hogeland, 213.</ref>

Washington left Philadelphia (which at that time was the capital of the United States) on September 30 to review the progress of the military expedition.<ref name="Wash1976" /> According to historian [[Joseph Ellis]], this was "the first and only time a sitting American president led troops in the field".<ref>Ellis, ''His Excellency, George Washington'', 225.</ref>

Along the way he traveled to [[Reading, Pennsylvania]] on his way to meet up with the rest of the militia he ordered mobilized at [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania|Carlisle]].<ref name="Wash1976" /> On the second of October, Washington left [[Reading, Pennsylvania]] heading west to [[Womelsdorf, Pennsylvania|Womelsdorf]] in order to "view the ([[Schuylkill and Susquehanna Navigation Company#Washington's 1794 militia expedition to Pittsburgh|Schuylkill and Susquehanna Navigation Company]]) canal...".<ref name="Wash1976" />  Revolutionary war and [[Siege of Yorktown]] veteran, Colonel Jonathan Forman (1755–1809) led the Third Infantry Regiment of New Jersey troops against the Whiskey Rebellion and wrote about his encounter with Washington:<ref>{{cite web|last=Manella|first=Angela|title=Jonathan Forman Papers Finding Aid|url=http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/f/findaid/findaid-idx?c=ascead;cc=ascead;q1=jonathan%20forman;rgn=main;view=text;didno=US-PPiU-dar198201|publisher=Archive Service Center, University of Pittsburgh|access-date=April 4, 2013}}</ref>

{{blockquote|quote=October 3d Marched early in the morning for Harrisburgh {{sic}}, where we arrived about 12 O'clock. About 1 O'Clock recd. information of the Presidents approach on which, I had the regiment paraded, timely for his reception, & considerably to my satisfaction. Being afterwards invited to his quarters he made enquiry into the circumstances of the man [an incident between an "Itinerant Person" and "an Old Soldier" mentioned earlier in the journal (p. 3)] & seemed satisfied with the information.<ref name="forman" />}}

Washington met with the western representatives in [[Bedford, Pennsylvania]] on October 9 before going to [[Fort Cumberland (Maryland)|Fort Cumberland]] in Maryland to review the southern wing of the army.{{sfn |Slaughter |1986 |pp=215–16}} He was convinced that the federalized militia would meet little resistance, and he placed the army under the command of the Virginia Governor [[Henry Lee III|Henry "Lighthorse Harry" Lee]], a hero of the Revolutionary War. Washington returned to Philadelphia; Hamilton remained with the army as civilian adviser.{{sfn |Slaughter |1986 |p=216}}

[[Daniel Morgan]], the victor of the [[Battle of Cowpens]] during the American Revolution, was called up to lead a force to suppress the protest. It was at this time (1794) that Morgan was promoted to Major General.  Serving under General [[Henry Lee III|"Light-Horse Harry" Lee]], Morgan led one wing of the militia army into [[Western Pennsylvania]].<ref>Higginbotham, pp. 189–91.</ref> The massive show of force brought an end to the protests without a shot being fired. After the uprising had been suppressed, Morgan commanded the remnant of the army that remained until 1795 in Pennsylvania, some 1,200 militiamen, one of whom was [[Meriwether Lewis]].<ref>Higginbotham, pp. 193–98.</ref>