Editing Waltzing Matilda (section)

==Cowan's melody==
Over time and as they travel, folk songs tend to change. This happened to Banjo and Christina's 'Waltzing Matilda'. On 23 November 1901, the Hughenden representative of the N.Q. Herald reported that, {{"'}}Waltzing Matilda' is all the rage here just now and some clever fellow has managed to fit the quaint trifle with an exceedingly catchy air". The report contained the words, but not the tune. Some of the words had been changed. Banjo's swagman had become a ''jolly'' swagman and the second line of verse 1 was repeated as the second line of the chorus following each of the verses.<ref name="auto2"/>

The first setting of 'Waltzing Matilda' that was published was Harry Nathan's, with Sydney publisher Palings' Brisbane office on 20 December 1902. This was two weeks before Paterson sold the rights to 'Waltzing Matilda' to Angus and Robertson.<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto1"/> Nathan credited Banjo for the lyrics, with the music arranged and harmonized by Harry A. Nathan. Nathan changed some of the lyrics and wrote a new variation of the original tune.<ref name="auto"/> Banjo's swagman had become a ''jolly'' swagman who sang as he ''waited till his billy boiled''.
{{Listen |type=music |filename= WaltzMat (Nathan)-2-verses-wiki.ogg|title=Harry Nathan's Waltzing Matilda}}

Very soon after Paterson sold his rights on 12 January 1903, they were purchased by tea merchant James Inglis, who wanted to use 'Waltzing Matilda' as an advertising jingle for Billy Tea. By this time, Nathan's arrangement of 'Waltzing Matilda' would have been on sale at Palings Sydney shop for several weeks and Inglis would have had the opportunity to purchase it.<ref name="auto3"/><ref>Crowden, David R. New Songs from the Bush: Harry Nathan's Waltzing Matilda. Quadrant online, September 2023, Volume LXVII Number 9, No. 599, Section, Quadrant Music. https://quadrant.org.au/magazine/2023/09/new-songs-from-the-bush-harry-nathans-waltzing-matilda/</ref> Inglis did not find any of the existing settings satisfactory and invited Marie Cowan, the wife of one of his managers, to try her hand at it.<ref name="auto4"/> The melody of Harry Nathan's and Marie Cowan's arrangements are so similar that one is clearly a copy of the other.<ref>Richardson, Mathew, 'Once a Jolly Swagman, The Ballad of Waltzing Matilda', 2006, Melbourne University Press, 187 Grattan Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia. Page 155.</ref> Marie Cowan made some minor changes to Nathan's tune and changed a few of the lyrics. The policemen became ''troopers'' in verse 3 and the swagman cried, "''You'll never take me alive.''" in verse 4. Cowan repeated the second line of each verse in the corresponding chorus. She gave the song a simple, brisk, harmonious accompaniment which made it very catchy.<ref name="auto5"/> Her song, published in 1903, quickly grew in popularity and Cowan's arrangement remains the best-known version of "Waltzing Matilda".
{{Listen |type=music |filename=Marie-Cowans-Waltzing-Matilda-Wiki.flac|title=Marie Cowan's Waltzing Matilda}}

<score raw sound>
\header { tagline = ##f }
\layout { indent = 0\cm
  \context { \Score \remove "Bar_number_engraver" }
  \context { \Voice \remove "Dynamic_engraver" }
}

global = { \key f \major \time 4/4 }

sopranoVoice = \relative c'' {
  \global
  \dynamicUp \autoBeamOff
  a8. a16 a8 a g4 g | f a8 f d e f4 |
  c4 f8. a16 c4 c8 c | c c c4 c8 r8
  f, g | a4 a8 a g4 g | f8 g a f d e f4 |
  c f8. a16 c4 bes8 a | g4 g8 g f4 r4 |
  c' c8. c16 c4 a | f' f8. e16 d4 c |
  c4 c8. c16 d4 c8. c16 | c4 bes8 a g r
  f g | a4 a8 a g4 g | f8 g a f d e f4 |
  c f8. a16 c4 bes8 a | g4 g8 g f4 r \bar "|."
}

verse = \lyricmode {
  Once a jol -- ly swag -- man camped by a bill -- a -- bong
  Un -- der the shade of a coo -- li -- bah tree,
  And he sang as he watched and wai -- ted till his Bil -- ly boiled,
  You'll come a -- waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da with me.
  Waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da, waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da,
  You'll come a -- waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da with me,
  And he sang as he watched and wai -- ted till his Bil -- ly boiled,
  You'll come a -- waltz -- ing Ma -- til -- da with me.
}

right = \relative c'' {
  \global
  r8 a,\p c f r4 <e c bes> | r <a, c f> r <bes d f> |
  r8 a c f r a, c f | <c a' c>4 <c bes' c> <c a' c>8 r8
  f8 g | r8 a, [c f] r4 <e c bes g>4 | r4 <f c a> r <f d bes> |
  r8 a, c f r <f c a>8 <e c bes>4 | <e c bes g> <e c bes> <f c a> r |
  <c' a> <c a>8. <c a>16 <c a>4 <a f> | <f' a,> <f a,>8. <e c>16 <d bes>4 <c a> |
  <c a> <c a>8. <c a>16 <d bes>4 <c a>8. <c a>16 | <c a>4 <bes g>8 <a f> <g c> r
  f g | r a, c f r4 <e c bes> | r <f c a> r <f d bes> |
  r8 a, c f r a, c f | <e c bes g>4 <e c bes g> <f c a> r \bar "|."
}

left = \relative c {
  \global
  <f f,>4\pp r <c c,> r | <f f,> r <bes, bes,> r |
  <f' f,> r <f f,> r | <f f,> <c c,> <f f,>
  r | <f f,> r <c c,> r | <f f,> r bes, r |
  < f' f,> r <f f,> r8 c | <c c,>4 <c c,> <f f,> r |
  <f f,> <e' c a> <f c a> r | <f, f,> <a c f> <bes d f> <a c f> |
  <f f,> <a c f> <bes d f> <a c> | <c, c,> <g' bes c> <c, c,>8 r8
  r4 | <f f,> r <c c,> r | <f f,> r <bes, bes,> r | <f' f,> r <f f,> r | <c c,> <c c,> <f f,> r \bar "|."
}

sopranoVoicePart = \new Staff \with { midiInstrument = "1 acoustic grand piano"}
 { \sopranoVoice }
 \addlyrics { \verse }

pianoPart = \new PianoStaff <<
  \new Staff = "right" \with { midiInstrument = "1 acoustic grand piano "}
  \right
  \new Staff = "left" \with { midiInstrument = "1 acoustic grand piano" }
  { \clef bass \left }
>>

\score { << \sopranoVoicePart \pianoPart >>
  \layout { }
  \midi { \tempo 4=110 }
}
</score>
Source.<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-166639875 "Waltzing Matilda" (1905)], music arranged by Marie Cowan – via [[Trove]]</ref>