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Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre
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===1962 presidential election=== In the [[1962 Peruvian general election|1962 general elections]], Haya returned to Peru to launch his second presidential bid with the [[American Popular Revolutionary Alliance|Peruvian Aprista Party]] nomination under "Democratic Alliance", which grouped his party with the Pradista Democratic Movement – which represented the largest sectors of power economic-. Haya obtained 33% of the popular vote, compared to the 32% for newcomer [[Fernando Belaúnde Terry|Fernando Belaúnde]] of the reformist [[Popular Action (Peru)|Popular Action]] and 29% for former president [[Manuel A. Odría]] of the [[Odriist National Union]]. As he did not obtain the necessary percentage to be proclaimed president, the election was to be decided by Congress to be installed on July 28, as established by the 1933 Constitution. Apparently, the Peruvian Armed Forces feared that Haya would come to power and they went to the Palace to report their disappointment; informed of this by president Prado,<ref>{{Cite web |title=EL DISCURSO DEL VETO VÍCTOR RAÚL HAYA DE LA TORRE |url=http://www.congreso.gob.pe/museo/mensajes/a-Mensaje-1962-1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118151332/http://www4.congreso.gob.pe/museo/mensajes/a-Mensaje-1962-1.pdf |archive-date=January 18, 2016 |access-date=May 28, 2020}}</ref> Haya would have tried to make an alliance with [[Fernando Belaúnde Terry|Fernando Belaúnde]] but they reached a standstill, with which he could only consolidate one with [[Manuel A. Odría]], for which he would yield the Aprista votes to him.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diario la República - Online - "La derecha tiene políticos rentados" |url=http://www.larepublica.com.pe/component/option,com_contentant/task,view/id,214679/Itemid,0/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202102512/http://www.larepublica.com.pe/component/option,com_contentant/task,view/id,214679/Itemid,0/ |archive-date=2 December 2008 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=www.larepublica.com.pe}}</ref> The Armed Forces denounced fraud in ten departments and also spoke against the virtual president Odría (and not against Haya, according to the position of the historian Percy Cayo Córdoba). Finally, on July 18, the first institutional coup of the Armed Forces took place, led by General [[Ricardo Pérez Godoy]], who overthrew the government of [[Manuel Prado Ugarteche]], thus declaring the elections void and installed a military junta. The coup would also be backed by [[Popular Action (Peru)|Popular Action]].
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