Editing Trick-taking game (section)

==Special variations==
=== Variations to basic rules ===
Numerous further variations to the basic rules may occur, and only a few examples can be mentioned here:
* Certain games require the holder of a certain card value to play it as the lead to the first trick of a hand; [[Hearts (card game)|Hearts]], as commonly played in North America, requires the player holding the 2{{Clubs}} to play it as the lead-off card. Variants of [[Pinochle]] sometimes require the first player to the left of the dealer that holds a ''dix'' (9{{Clubs}}) to lead off.
* There may be restrictions on leading certain suits; a common Hearts rule is that a player may not lead a Heart until at least one trick has had a Heart played off-suit to another trick. Spades has a similar but less-common variation regarding its trump suit.
* There are trick-taking games played with [[Domino]] tiles instead of playing cards. These include the Chinese [[Tien Gow]] and [[42 (dominoes)|Texas 42]]. Giog is played with [[Xiangqi|Chinese chess]] tiles.
* Many games are played with one or more ''[[stripped deck]]s'' (a deck from which certain card values are removed). The most common stripped deck is a [[piquet deck]], used for [[piquet]], [[Belote]], [[Skat (card game)|Skat]], [[Euchre]], [[Bête]], [[Écarté]], [[Bezique]] and (with two piquet decks) [[Pinochle]], among others. [[Rook (card game)|Rook]]'s main variant, Kentucky Discard, uses the equivalent of a 52-card deck with all card values 2–4 removed. Most regional [[Tarot]] variants, especially Central European and Italian variants like Tarock and Tarocco, use some subset of the "full" 78-card Tarot deck.
* In Bridge the partner of the contractor or ''declarer'' is called ''dummy'' and does not actively participate in the play; dummy's hand is instead laid on the table face-up after the opening lead, and declarer chooses the cards from dummy's hand to play during dummy's turns.
* In [[Karuta#Unsun Karuta|Hachinin-meri]] and Truf, trumps are played face down. When the trick is finished, the trumps are revealed to see who won the trick.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Depaulis|first1=Thierry|title=Unsun, a Far-eastern Cousin of Ombre|journal=[[The Playing-Card]]|date=1983|volume=12|issue=1|pages=39–44}}</ref><ref>McLeod, John. [http://www.pagat.com/exact/truf.html Truf] at [[pagat.com]]. Retrieved 25 January 2016.</ref>
* In many trumpless games that do not require following suit, sloughing is done face down. This is done in [[Madiao]], [[Tien Gow]], [[Tam cúc]], [[:zh:六虎牌|Six Tigers]], [[Ganjifa]], [[Kaiserspiel]], and Brazilian [[Truco]].
* Some cards lose their trick-taking power if they are not led or played in a specific trick as in [[Karnöffel]], [[Tien Gow]], and [[Ganjifa]].
* In [[tarot game]]s played outside of Central Europe, [[The Fool (Tarot card)|the Fool]] is a special card that excuses the player from following suit. Except in rare circumstances in some games, it can neither capture nor be captured. Usually a non-counting card is given as compensation to the trick's winner by the Fool's owner.

=== Rules in Austrian and German games ===
In games derived from Austria and Germany, trick-taking is governed by the rules called ''Zwänge''. The three main ones are ''Farbzwang'', ''Stichzwang'' and ''Trumpfzwang''. Although they broadly equate to rules in English-speaking countries, there are no single-word equivalents. For many games of this type, applying these rules correctly is crucial to the type of contract being played.

==== ''Farbzwang'' ====
''Farbzwang'' (or ''Bedienzwang'') literally means "suit compulsion" and is the rule that players must follow the suit of the first card to be led to the trick, provided that they have a card of that suit. If a player does not have a card of the led suit, rules vary depending on whether the other ''Zwänge'' apply.

==== ''Stichzwang'' ====
''Stichzwang'' means "trick compulsion" and is the rule that players must attempt to win the trick if they are able, either by playing a higher card of the led suit or by playing a trump card to a [[side suit]] lead.

==== ''Farbzwang'' with ''Stichzwang'' ====
Some games apply ''Farbzwang'' and ''Stichzwang'' together, which means that a player, when it is his  or her turn, must:
* take the trick with a higher card of the led suit. If unable to do so, the player must
* discard a lower card of the led suit. If that is not possible, the player must
* take the trick with a trump card, but if that is also not feasible, the player may
* discard any card.

''Farbzwang'', the requirement to follow suit, almost always takes precedence over ''Stichzwang''. A player is not allowed to take the trick with a trump if able to follow suit. There are rare instances where e.g. [[All Fours (card game)|All Fours]] rules apply i.e. a player with a card of the led suit may either follow suit or trump, but only if unable to follow may a player discard.

==== ''Trumpfzwang'' ====
''Trumpfzwang'' means "trump compulsion" and requires that a player ''must'' play a trump if unable to follow suit. In other words, the player may not simply discard, if unable to follow.

''Example'': Acorns are trumps. Peter is forehand and plays the 8 of Bells, middlehand trumps with a 10 of Acorns; Anna is rearhand and has no Bells, but does have a trump card, the 8 of Acorns. She must play this and cannot discard another non-trump card in order to keep the trump for a subsequent trick.

==== ''Tarockzwang'' ====
''Tarockzwang'' is used in [[tarock game]]s such as [[Königrufen]] and [[Tapp-Tarock]] and means "Tarock compulsion" or the requirement to play a Tarock card if one is led to the trick or if a player is unable to follow suit. It is a form of ''Trumpfzwang''.