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Triassic–Jurassic extinction event
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==== Global cooling ==== Besides the carbon dioxide-driven long-term global warming, CAMP volcanism had shorter term cooling effects resulting from the emission of [[sulphur dioxide]] aerosols.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Landwehrs |first1=Jan Philip |last2=Feulner |first2=Georg |last3=Hofmann |first3=Matthias |last4=Petri |first4=Stefan |date=1 May 2020 |title=Climatic fluctuations modeled for carbon and sulfur emissions from end-Triassic volcanism |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012821X20301175 |journal=[[Earth and Planetary Science Letters]] |volume=537 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116174 |bibcode=2020E&PSL.53716174L |s2cid=212982254 |access-date=29 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kaiho |first1=Kunio |last2=Tanaka |first2=Daisuke |last3=Richoz |first3=Sylvain |last4=Jones |first4=David S. |last5=Saito |first5=Ryosuke |last6=Kameyama |first6=Daichi |last7=Ikeda |first7=Masayuki |last8=Takahashi |first8=Satoshi |last9=Aftabuzzaman |first9=Md. |last10=Fujibayashi |first10=Megumu |date=1 February 2022 |title=Volcanic temperature changes modulated volatile release and climate fluctuations at the end-Triassic mass extinction |journal=[[Earth and Planetary Science Letters]] |volume=579 |page=117364 |doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117364 |bibcode=2022E&PSL.57917364K |s2cid=245922701 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="blackburn2013" /> The extremely voluminous emission of this gas caused sharp drops in Earth's albedo and induced severe volcanic winters.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kent |first=Dennis V. |last2=Olsen |first2=Paul E. |last3=Wang |first3=Huapei |last4=Schaller |first4=Morgan F. |last5=Et-Touhami |first5=Mohammed |date=12 November 2024 |title=Correlation of sub-centennial-scale pulses of initial Central Atlantic Magmatic Province lavas and the end-Triassic extinctions |url=https://pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2415486121 |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=46 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2415486121 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11573653 |pmid=39467154 |access-date=18 February 2025}}</ref> High latitudes had colder climates with evidence of mild glaciation during the extinction interval. Cold periods induced by volcanic ejecta clouding the atmosphere might have favoured [[endothermic]] animals, with dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and mammals being more capable at enduring these conditions than large pseudosuchians due to insulation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Olsen |first1=Paul |last2=Sha |first2=Jingeng |last3=Fang |first3=Yanan |last4=Chang |first4=Clara |last5=Whiteside |first5=Jessica H. |last6=Kinney |first6=Sean |last7=Sues |first7=Hans-Dieter |last8=Kent |first8=Dennis |last9=Schaller |first9=Morgan |last10=Vajda |first10=Vivi |title=Arctic ice and the ecological rise of the dinosaurs |journal=[[Science Advances]] |date=July 2022 |volume=8 |issue=26 |pages=eabo6342 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abo6342|pmid=35776799 |bibcode=2022SciA....8O6342O |s2cid=250218588 |doi-access=free |pmc=10883366 }}</ref>
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