Editing Toledo War (section)

== Subsequent history ==
{{See also|Copper mining in Michigan}}

The Toledo strip became a permanent part of Ohio. The Upper Peninsula was considered a worthless wilderness by almost all familiar with the area, valuable only for timber and fur trapping.<ref>{{harvp|Wittke|1895|p=319}}.</ref> However, the discovery of copper in the [[Keweenaw Peninsula]] and [[iron]] in the Central Upper Peninsula in the 1840s led to a [[mining]] boom that lasted long into the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://faculty.nmu.edu/upced/UPinfo/UPHIST.HTM |title= History of the Upper Peninsula |publisher= [[Northern Michigan University]] |access-date= May 13, 2006 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060516035531/http://faculty.nmu.edu/upced/UPinfo/UPHIST.HTM |archive-date= May 16, 2006}}</ref> Michigan's loss of {{convert|1,100|sqmi|km2}} of agricultural land and the port of Toledo was offset by the gain of {{convert|9,000|sqmi|km2|-3}} of timber and ore-rich land.<ref name="PS"/>

Differences of opinion about the exact boundary location continued until a definitive re-survey was performed in 1915. Re-survey protocol ordinarily required the surveyors to follow the Harris line exactly, but in this case, the surveyors deviated from it in places. This was done to prevent certain residents near the border from being subject to changes in state residence and land owners from having parcels in both states. The 1915 survey was delineated by 71 [[granite]] markers, {{convert|12|in|cm}} wide by {{convert|18|in|cm}} high. Upon completion, the two states' governors, [[Woodbridge N. Ferris]] of Michigan and [[Frank B. Willis]] of Ohio, shook hands at the border.<ref name="MSU"/>

Traces of the original Ordinance Line can still be seen in northwestern Ohio and northern Indiana. The northernmost boundaries of [[Ottawa County, Ohio|Ottawa]] and [[Wood County, Ohio|Wood]] counties follow it, as well as many township boundaries in [[Fulton County, Ohio|Fulton]] and [[Williams County, Ohio|Williams]] counties. Many old north–south roads are offset as they cross the line, forcing traffic to jog east while traveling north. The line is identified on [[United States Geological Survey]] [[topographical map]]s as the "South [Boundary] Michigan Survey", and on Lucas County and Fulton County road maps as "Old State Line Road".<ref>{{cite map |url= http://msrmaps.com/image.aspx?T=2&S=14&Z=17&X=82&Y=1440&W=1&qs=%7cToledo%7cOhio%7c |title= 2&nbsp;km NE of Wilkins, Ohio, United States |date= July 1, 1983 |author= United States Geological Survey |author-link= United States Geological Survey |publisher= [[Microsoft Research Maps]] |access-date= May 13, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |author= Ohio Department of Transportation |author-link= Ohio Department of Transportation |url= http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/TransSysDev/ProgramMgt/functionalclass/2004%20Rural%20County%20Maps/Lucas.pdf |title= Lucas County, Ohio |format= PDF |location= Columbus |publisher= Ohio Department of Transportation |scale= Scale not given |access-date= October 5, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101229063315/http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/TransSysDev/ProgramMgt/functionalclass/2004%20Rural%20County%20Maps/Lucas.pdf |archive-date=December 29, 2010 }}</ref>

While the land border was firmly set in the early 20th century, the two states still disagreed on the path of the border to the east, in Lake Erie.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2009903290308 |last= Kienzle |first= Javan |title= How Ohio's Grab for the Maumee River Blocked Michigan's Road to Statehood |date= March 29, 2009 |work= [[Detroit Free Press]] }}</ref> In 1973, they finally obtained a hearing before the U.S. Supreme Court on their competing claims to the Lake Erie waters. In ''[[Michigan v. Ohio]]'', the court upheld a [[special master]]'s report and ruled that the boundary between the two states in Lake Erie was angled to the northeast, as described in Ohio's state constitution, and not a straight east–west line.<ref>{{cite court |url= http://laws.findlaw.com/us/410/420.html |litigants= Michigan v. Ohio |vol= 410 |reporter= U.S. |opinion= 420 |year= 1973 |access-date= May 13, 2006}}</ref> One consequence of the decision was that [[Turtle Island (Lake Erie)|Turtle Island]], just outside Maumee Bay and originally treated as wholly in Michigan, was split between the two states.<ref>{{cite news |first = Jenson |last = Strock |date = February 22, 2022 |url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69RM7k3y7LU |format = Video |title = 1973: The U.S. Supreme Court decides the boundary line between Ohio and Michigan |work = Today in Toledo History |location = Toledo, Ohio |publisher = [[WTOL-TV]] |at = 0:53 |access-date = April 5, 2022 |via = YouTube }}</ref>

This decision was the last border adjustment, putting an end to years of debate. In modern times, although a general rivalry between Michiganders and Ohioans persists, overt conflict between the states is restricted primarily to the [[Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry|Michigan–Ohio State rivalry]] in collegiate [[American football]] and to a lesser degree to the rivalry between the [[Detroit Tigers]] and [[Cleveland Guardians]] in [[American League]] baseball;<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/100yardwarinside0000emma|title=The 100-Yard War: Inside the 100-Year-Old Michigan–Ohio State Football Rivalry|last=Emmanuel|first=Greg|publisher=J. Wiley & Sons|year=2004|isbn=0-471-67552-0|location=Hoboken, NJ|pages=[https://archive.org/details/100yardwarinside0000emma/page/8 8–10]|url-access=registration}}<!--Emmanuel's first chapter, "Hate: The Early Years," cites the origins of the 100-year competition between the two football teams as being borne out of the unfulfilled bloodlust of the militia troops.--></ref> the Toledo War is sometimes cited as the origin of the animosity represented in today's rivalry.<ref>{{cite episode |first=  Brian |last= Unger |author-link=  Brian Unger |title= How the States Got Their Shapes |series= [[How the States Got Their Shapes]] |network= [[History (U.S. TV channel)|The History Channel]] |date= April 6, 2010 |season= 1 |number= 1 }}</ref> <!--The [[Toledo, Ohio|Toledo]] area is about evenly split, having large contingents of fans for both universities, being geographically closer to [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]] while being located in the same state as [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]].-->

<gallery widths="250px" heights="170px">
File:USGS Toledo Strip Topo.jpg|[[United States Geological Survey|USGS]] topographic map that shows the Ordinance Line as "South Bdy Michigan Survey". There are jogs in many north–south roads at this line.
File:Mi-ohiowar.jpeg|Michigan Governor [[Woodbridge N. Ferris]] and Ohio Governor [[Frank B. Willis]] shake on a truce over state line markers erected in 1915.
File:Map of Williams County Ohio With Municipal and Township Labels.PNG|The northern tier of townships in [[Williams County, Ohio|Williams County]] are within the Toledo Strip. The southern boundary of each lies along the Ordinance Line.<ref>{{cite news |last = Maynard |first = Kevin |title = Williams County was created 200 years ago |date = June 9, 2020 |newspaper = [[The Bryan Times]] |location = Bryan, Ohio |url = https://www.bryantimes.com/williams-county-was-created-200-years-ago/article_f12a6532-85ea-56b2-8518-68929dced244.html |access-date = March 28, 2021 }}</ref>
File:1858 Platt Map, Dover Township, Fulton County, Ohio.jpg|The northern half of [[Dover Township, Fulton County, Ohio|Dover Township]] in [[Fulton County, Ohio|Fulton County]] Ohio, formerly claimed by Michigan, is shifted, or "jogs", at "Old State Line Road", now County Road K.
</gallery>