Editing Toledo, Ohio (section)

==Demographics==

In 1870, 75.3% of Toledo's foreign-born population were from [[Germany]] and [[Ireland]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.midstory.org/resettlement-to-revitalization-toledos-history-of-immigration/ |title=Resettlement to Revitalization: Toledo's History of Immigration |date=August 10, 2021 |access-date=September 24, 2023 |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929020557/https://www.midstory.org/resettlement-to-revitalization-toledos-history-of-immigration/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{US Census population
|1840= 1222
|1850= 3829
|1860= 13768
|1870= 31584
|1880= 50137
|1890= 81434
|1900= 131822
|1910= 168497
|1920= 243164
|1930= 290718
|1940= 282349
|1950= 303616
|1960= 318003
|1970= 383818
|1980= 354635
|1990= 332943
|2000= 313619
|2010= 287208
|2020= 270871
|estyear= 2024
|estimate= 265638
|estref= <ref name="USCensusQuickFacts"/>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |author=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=December 2, 2014 |archive-date=April 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]<ref name="USCensusQuickFacts"/>
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Historical racial composition !! 2020<ref name="USCensusQuickFacts"/>!! 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3977000.html |title=State & County QuickFacts: Toledo (city), Ohio |work=U.S. Census Bureau |date=July 8, 2014 |access-date=August 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710072623/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3977000.html |archive-date=July 10, 2014}}</ref>!! 2000<ref name="census1">{{cite web |title=Ohio - Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |work=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=April 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012}}</ref>!! 1990<ref name="census1"/> !! 1970<ref name="census1"/> !! 1940<ref name="census1"/>
|-
| [[White American|White]] || 62.6% || 64.8% || 70.2% || 77.0% || 85.7% || 94.8%
|-
| —Non-Hispanic || 58.7% || 61.4% || Unk || 75.1% || 84.0%<ref name="fifteen">From 15% sample</ref> || n/a
|-
| [[Black people|Black]] or [[African American]] || 27.4% || 27.2% || 23.5% || 19.7% || 13.8% || 5.2%
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) || 8.6% || 7.4% || 5.5% || 4.0% || 1.9%<ref name="fifteen"/> || n/a
|-
| [[Asian American|Asian]] || 1.3% || 1.1% || 1.0% || 1.0% || 0.2% || −
|}
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Toledo (5559870627).png|thumb|Map of racial distribution in Toledo, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}]]

As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], the city proper had a population of 287,128. It is the principal city in the [[Toledo Metropolitan Area|Toledo Metropolitan Statistical Area]] which had a population of 651,429 and was the [[Ohio statistical areas|sixth-largest metropolitan area in the state of Ohio]], behind [[Greater Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[Columbus, Ohio metropolitan area|Columbus]], [[Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky|Cincinnati]], [[Dayton metropolitan area|Dayton]], and [[Akron, Ohio, metropolitan statistical area|Akron]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/310M100US45780 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212202009/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/310M100US45780 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Toledo, OH Metro Area |work=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder |access-date=February 6, 2013}}</ref> The larger Toledo-Fremont [[United States metropolitan area|Combined Statistical Area]] had a population of 712,373. According to the Toledo Metropolitan Council of Governments, the Toledo/Northwest Ohio region of 10 counties has over one million residents.

The U.S. Census Bureau estimated Toledo's population as 297,806 in 2006 and 295,029 in 2007. In response to an appeal by the City of Toledo, the Census Bureau's July 2007 estimate was revised to 316,851, slightly more than in 2000,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.toledoblade.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090114/NEWS16/901140384 |first1=Ignazio |last1=Messina |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120914124308/http://www.toledoblade.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090114/NEWS16/901140384 |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 14, 2012 |title=Thousands added to Toledo census count |date=January 14, 2009 |work=[[The Blade (Toledo)|The Blade]] |location=Toledo |access-date=February 14, 2009}}</ref> which would have been the city's first population gain in 40 years. However, the 2010 census figures released in March 2011 showed the population as of April 1, 2010, at 287,208, indicating a 25% loss of population since its zenith in 1970.

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Toledo, Ohio – Racial and ethnic composition<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Toledo city, Ohio |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p004&g=160XX00US3977000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Toledo city, Ohio |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3977000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Toledo city, Ohio|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3977000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|212,658
|176,468
|style='background: #ffffe6; |150,202
|67.81%
|61.44%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |55.45%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|73,134
|76,820
|style='background: #ffffe6; |76,401
|23.32%
|26.75%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28.21%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|761
|755
|style='background: #ffffe6; |651
|0.24%
|0.26%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.24%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|3,197
|3,204
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,133
|1.02%
|1.12%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1.16%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|61
|64
|style='background: #ffffe6; |83
|0.02%
|0.02%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.03%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|554
|522
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,371
|0.18%
|0.18%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.51%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|6,113
|8,144
|style='background: #ffffe6; |14,894
|1.95%
|2.84%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5.50%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|17,141
|21,231
|style='background: #ffffe6; |24,136
|5.47%
|7.39%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |8.91%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''313,619'''
|'''287,208'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''270,871'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

As of the 2020 census<ref>{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Toledo city, Ohio |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/toledocityohio/BZA010220 |website=U.S. Census Bureau |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120050635/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/toledocityohio/BZA010220 |archive-date=January 20, 2024}}</ref> there were 270,871 people, 116,257 households, and an average of 2.27 persons per household residing in Toledo. The population per square mile was 3,365.4. The racial makeup of Toledo was 60.6% White, 28.1% African American, 0.3% Native American, Alaska Native or Native Hawaiian, and 1.3% were Asian. 6.7% of the population belonged to two or more races. Hispanic or Latino citizens make up 8.8% of the population. People who identified as White, not Hispanic or Latino, made up 57.3% of the population, down from 61.4% in 2010.

Out of 270,871 people, 23.3% were under the age of 18, and 14.5% were 65 years old and over. 51.1% of the population were female. 14.1% of the population under 65 years of age were living with a disability, and 8.3% of those under 65 years of age did not have health insurance. Out of the 116,257 households, 83.7% had been living in the same house for one year or longer. 6.4% of households in Toledo spoke a language other than English at home. The total number of housing units was unavailable, however 51.9% of housing units were either owned or co-owned by its inhabitants.

The median household income (in 2021 dollars) in Toledo was $41,671, with the per capita income in the past 12 months coming to $23,795. 24.5% of the population was living in poverty, compared to the national average at this time of 11.6% of the U.S. population.<ref>{{cite web |title=Poverty in the United States: 2021 |url=https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2022/demo/p60-277.html#:~:text=The%20official%20poverty%20rate%20in,37.9%20million%20people%20in%20poverty |website=US Census Bureau |date=September 13, 2022 |first1=John |last1=Creamer |first2=Emily A. |last2=Shrider |first3=Kalee |last3=Burns |first4=Frances |last4=Chen |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119140528/https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2022/demo/p60-277.html#:~:text=The%20official%20poverty%20rate%20in,37.9%20million%20people%20in%20poverty |archive-date=January 19, 2024}}</ref> For education, 87.1% of people 25 years or older were a high school graduate or higher, with 19.6% of this demographic having a bachelor's degree or higher.

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov/ |work=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 16, 2013 |archive-date=December 27, 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref> of 2010, there were 287,208 people, 119,730 households, and 68,364 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|3559.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 138,039 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1710.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 64.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 27.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.4% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.6% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.9% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 7.4% of the population (The majority are Mexican American at 5.1%.) [[Non-Hispanic Whites]] were 61.4% of the population in 2010,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3977000.html |title=State & County QuickFacts: Toledo (city), Ohio |work=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=April 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503030913/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3977000.html |archive-date=May 3, 2012}}</ref> down from 84% in 1970.<ref name="census1"/>

There were 119,730 households, of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 19.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.9% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 3.01. There was a total of 139,871 housing units in the city, of which 10,946 (9.8%) were vacant.

The median age in the city was 34.2 years. 24% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 24.8% were from 45 to 64; and 12.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]] of 2000, there were 313,619 people, and 77,355 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|3,890.2|/sqmi|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|abbr=out}}. There were 139,871 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,734.9|/sqmi|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people|abbr=out}}. The racial makeup of the city was 70.2% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 23.5% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.0% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 2.3% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.6% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 5.5% of the population in 2000. The most common ancestries cited were [[German American|German]] (23.4%), [[Irish American|Irish]] (10.8%), [[Polish American|Polish]] (10.1%), [[English American|English]] (6.0%), [[American ethnicity|American]] (3.9%), [[Italian Americans|Italian]] (3.0%), [[Hungarian Americans|Hungarian]] (2.0%), [[Dutch Americans|Dutch]] (1.4%), and [[Arab Americans|Arab]] (1.2%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=16000US3977000&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_QTP13&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U |title=QT-P13. Ancestry: 2000 - Toledo city, Ohio |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212043329/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=16000US3977000&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U_QTP13&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF3_U |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |access-date=August 3, 2014 |work=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

In 2000 there were 128,925 households in Toledo, out of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.2% were married couples living together, 17.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 32.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the city the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,546, and the median income for a family was $41,175. Males had a median income of $35,407 versus $25,023 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,388. About 14.2% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.9% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.

===Crime===
In the second decade of the 21st century, the city had a gradual peak in violent crime. In 2010, there was a combined total of 3,272 burglaries, 511 robberies, 753 aggravated assaults, 25 homicides, as well as 574 motor vehicle thefts out of what was then a decreasing population of 287,208.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2011/preliminary-annual-ucr-jan-jun-2011/data-tables/table-4/table-4-montana-ohio |title=FBI — Table 4 Montana - Ohio |work=FBI |access-date=July 28, 2016 |archive-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529074621/https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2011/preliminary-annual-ucr-jan-jun-2011/data-tables/table-4/table-4-montana-ohio/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2011, there were 1,562 aggravated assaults, 30 homicides, 1,152 robberies, 8,366 burglaries, and 1,465 cases of motor vehicle theft. In 2012, there were a combined total of 39 murders, 2,015 aggravated assaults, 6,739 burglaries, and 1,334 cases of motor vehicle theft. In 2013 it had a drop in the crime rate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toledoblade.com/Police-Fire/2013/06/03/Toledo-s-crime-rate-plunges-but-data-called-into-question.html |title=Toledo's crime rate takes plunge |work=Toledo Blade |access-date=August 28, 2014 |archive-date=September 5, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905055359/http://www.toledoblade.com/Police-Fire/2013/06/03/Toledo-s-crime-rate-plunges-but-data-called-into-question.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2018, the city was ranked 93rd of the Top 100 Most Dangerous Cities in America.<ref>{{cite web |title=Top 100 most dangerous places to live in the U.S. in 2018 |url=https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/blog/top100dangerous-2018 |access-date=June 24, 2019 |date=January 2, 2018 |archive-date=June 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624021611/https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/blog/top100dangerous-2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

According to a state government task force, Toledo has been identified as the fourth-largest recruitment site for [[Human trafficking in the United States|human trafficking in the US]].<ref name="OhioTaskForce">{{Cite web |url=http://humantrafficking.ohio.gov/Portals/0/pdfs/TaskForcepressrelease62712.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114154230/http://humantrafficking.ohio.gov/Portals/0/pdfs/TaskForcepressrelease62712.pdf |title=Ohio Human Trafficking Task Force: Recommendations to Governor John R. Kasich |archive-date=January 14, 2016}}</ref>

The year 2020 brought the highest number of homicides in 39 years, according to the Toledo Police Department's 50-year trend chart.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wtol.com/article/news/crime/toledo-homicides-in-2020/512-be6fa6fa-1af7-4ddc-be4e-a814dfa632a3 |title=Toledo homicides in 2020 highest in 39 years, TPD data shows |date=July 23, 2021 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |archive-date=July 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722184134/https://www.wtol.com/article/news/crime/toledo-homicides-in-2020/512-be6fa6fa-1af7-4ddc-be4e-a814dfa632a3 |url-status=live }}</ref> Beginning with the pandemic in 2020, homicides jumped to a record 61.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wtol.com/article/news/crime/homicides-in-toledo-make-big-jump-children-latest-victims/512-a244a5cd-f4a6-48a6-814c-ddcb5711e1f0 |title=Homicides in city make big jump, children latest victims |date=May 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |archive-date=July 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722192658/https://www.wtol.com/article/news/crime/homicides-in-toledo-make-big-jump-children-latest-victims/512-a244a5cd-f4a6-48a6-814c-ddcb5711e1f0 |url-status=live }}</ref> There were a record of 70 homicides in Toledo in 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wtol.com/article/news/crime/tpds-plan-to-fight-violence-in-toledo/512-e0a6b256-b89d-44d9-864b-594d0ba4436e |title=How Toledo Police plan to fight violence in Toledo |date=January 11, 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |archive-date=June 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627215524/https://www.wtol.com/article/news/crime/tpds-plan-to-fight-violence-in-toledo/512-e0a6b256-b89d-44d9-864b-594d0ba4436e |url-status=live }}</ref> Toledo was one of 12 major U.S. cities to have broken annual homicide records in 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/12-major-us-cities-top-annual-homicide-records/story?id=81466453 |title='It's just crazy': 12 major cities hit all-time homicide records |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |access-date=July 22, 2022 |archive-date=May 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523050246/https://abcnews.go.com/US/12-major-us-cities-top-annual-homicide-records/story?id=81466453 |url-status=live }}</ref>