Editing Thuggee (section)

==In popular culture==
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*One of the c.&nbsp;1600 ''[[Janamsakhis]]'' fictionalizing the life of Sikh [[Guru Nanak]] describes an encounter with a Thug, Sheikh Sajjan, whom the guru reforms.<ref>{{cite thesis |last1=Johnson |first1=Toby Braden |title=Living and Learning with Guru Nanak: Participation and Pedagogy in the Janam-Sakhi Narratives |date=2014 |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xt8v3dm }}</ref>
*The 1826 novel ''Pandurang Hari, or Memoirs of a Hindoo'' by William Browne Hockley provides in Chapter 11 the earliest British fictional account of the Thugs.<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/45006400/Were_Thugs_of_India_religious_terrorists_or_mere_bandits_The_evidence_of_Hockley_s_Pandurang_Hari "Were Thugs of India religious terrorists or mere bandits? The evidence of Hockley’s Pandurang Hari"] by Ayusman Chakraborty, ''Academia Letters'', Article 198, January 2021.</ref> But they are depicted only as thieves, not as murderers.
*The 1839 novel ''[[Confessions of a Thug (novel)|Confessions of a Thug]]'' by [[Philip Meadows Taylor]] is based on the Thuggee cult, revolving around a fictional Thuggee who is named Ameer<ref>[https://www.punjnud.com/Aarticles_detail.aspx?ArticleID=5771&ArticleTitle=Hindustani%20Thug%20Aur%20Ameer%20Ali%20Thug%20Ki%20Dastan History of Ameer Ali Thug]</ref> Ali. The novel popularized the word "thug" in the English language.
* Thuggees, including Faringhea himself, play a substantial role in the 1845 novel, ''The Wandering Jew'' by Eugene Sue.
* Several of [[Emilio Salgari]]'s ''[[Sandokan]]'' novels describe a struggle with the Thugs.  Many of his novels are about [[The Pirates of Malaysia|Sandokan]]'s adventures, and feature the Thuggee as enemies of the heroes.  The first of them – [[:it:I misteri della jungla nera|I misteri della jungla nera]] (1887) – was originally published with the title ''Gli strangolatori del Gange'' ("The Stranglers of the Ganges"). His novel ''I misteri della giungla nera'' (1895) revolves around the main character Tremal Naik's fight to save Ada Corisant, the daughter of a British officer, who has been kidnapped by the Thugs.
* The 1886 novel ''Kalee's Shrine'' by Grant Allen and May Cotes features a British female Thug.<ref>[http://rupkatha.com/v13n112/ "Thuggee in England: Tracing the Origin and Development of Fantasies of Thug-invasion and Reverse Colonization in late nineteenth century British Fiction"] by Ayusman Chakraborty, ' ' Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities ' ', vol. 13, no. 1. 2021.</ref> 
* Sir [[Arthur Conan Doyle]] introduces the Thugs in his 1887 short story "Uncle Jeremy's Household". Miss Warrender, the Anglo-Indian governess in this story, is the daughter of the fictional Thuggee prince Achmet Genghis Khan.
*The 1931 crime novel ''The Case of the Frightened Lady'' by [[Edgar Wallace]] makes an indirect reference to the Thuggee murders by featuring "Indian scarves" which are used as murder weapons, as do its [[The Case of the Frightened Lady (film)|1940]] and [[The Indian Scarf|1963 West German]] film adaptations.
*The 1939 film ''[[Gunga Din (film)|Gunga Din]]'' features British soldiers' conflict with a resurgent sect of Thuggee cultists.
*The Thuggees and their method of killing are made reference to in the 1945 film ''[[Hangover Square (film)|Hangover Square]]''.
*''[[The Stranglers of Bombay]]'' (1959) is a film which is centered around a lone British officer who investigates and uncovers the doings of the Thuggee cult.
*''[[Kali Yug: Goddess of Vengeance|Kali Yug, la dea della vendetta]]'' and ''[[:fr:Le Mystère du temple hindou|Il mistero del tempio indiano]],'' films by [[Mario Camerini]] (1963), feature [[Klaus Kinski]] as Thug leader.
*[[Help! (film)|''Help!'']] (1965), a film which revolves around [[The Beatles]]' encounters with an Eastern Cult, is thought to parody the Thuggee.<ref name="Magic Circles">{{cite book |last1=McKinney |first1=Devin |title=Magic Circles: The Beatles in Dream and History |date=2003 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-01202-8 |page=78 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NODXwtg3SIkC&dq=%22Help!%22+Beatles+Kali&pg=PA78 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Vampires' Most Wanted">{{cite book |last1=Enright |first1=Laura |title=Vampires' Most Wanted: The Top 10 Book of Bloodthirsty Biters, Stake-wielding Slayers, and Other Undead Oddities |date=30 June 2011 |publisher=[[Potomac Books]], Inc. |isbn=978-1-59797-752-4 |page=12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kbM7fOH5SI0C&dq=%22Help!%22+Beatles+Kali&pg=PT12 |language=en}}</ref>
*In ''[[Our Man Flint]]'' (1966), the character Derek Flint wears a turban and shouts "Kali!" while shooting a gun into the air in order to safely empty a club of its patrons before setting off an explosive.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://trailersfromhell.com/the-deceivers/ | title=The Deceivers | date=9 November 2021 }}</ref>
*''[[Sunghursh]]'' (1968), an Indian [[Hindi cinema|Hindi film]], gives a fictionalized account of a Thuggee who tries not to join his family business, which is Thuggee.
*''[[Thagini]]'' (1974) an Indian Bengali-language film about a lady Thug, directed by [[Tarun Majumdar]] and based on a short story of [[Subodh Ghosh]].
* ''[[Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom]]'' (1984), set in 1935, showcases the Thuggee cult with fictionalized religious ritual and the primary antagonist, [[Mola Ram (Indiana Jones character)|Mola Ram]], being a Thuggee High Priest of Kali.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ganguly |first1=Swagato |title=Idolatry and the Colonial Idea of India: Visions of Horror, Allegories of Enlightenment |date=2017 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1351584678 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r_0wDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Indiana+Jones+and+the+Temple+of+Doom%22+kali&pg=PT12 |access-date=6 January 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
*''[[The Black Company]]'' (1984–present), a dark fantasy series by [[Glen Cook]], features a cult called the Deceivers, largely based on the Thuggee, which plays a major role in the later novels.
*The fictional [[DC Comics]] villain [[Ravan (comics)|Ravan]] (starting 1987), a member of the [[Suicide Squad]], is a modern-day member of the Thuggee cult.
*[[The Deceivers (film)|''The Deceivers'']] (1988) is an adventure film about the murderous Thugs of India which is based on the 1952 [[John Masters]] [[The Deceivers (Masters novel)|novel with the same name]]. [[Pierce Brosnan]] plays William Savage, a tax-collector for a British-Indian company who goes under cover in 1825 to investigate a Thuggee sect.
*''Ameer Ali thug na peela rumal ni gaanth'', a novel in three parts by the famous Gujarati thriller writer [[Harkisan Mehta]], is a fictionalized account of the Thuggee Amir Ali, with references to the infamous [[Pindari]] chief Chitu Pindari.
*''[[Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru]]'' (2017; Tamil) an honest police officer finds himself transferred again and again due to his sincerity. After his latest transfer, he comes across a file that involves a gang of ruthless thieves who loot and kill along the highway. A group of 13 people whose roots go back to these Thuggee tribes whose members camouflaged themselves as logistics and goods delivery vendors and plundered random cities and brutally murdered families, including women and children. [[Tamil Nadu Police]] took this matter seriously when a member of the legislative assembly was victimized. This cult was brought down after a country-wide operation was conducted with limited resources for over 18 months.
*''[[Thugs of Hindostan]]'' (2018), an Indian Hindi-language action-[[adventure film]] about a band of Thugs which resists the [[British East India Company]]'s [[Company rule in India|rule in India]]. The film stars [[Amitabh Bachchan]], [[Aamir Khan]], [[Katrina Kaif]], [[Fatima Sana Shaikh]] and [[Lloyd Owen]].
* ''The Strangler Vine'' (2014) by [[Miranda Carter|MJ Carter]], a novel set in Calcutta in 1837, sees two representatives of the East India Company search for a missing author deep within the territory of the murderous Kali-worshipping Thugs.
* ''[[Grimm (TV series)|Grimm]]'' (2014), in season 4, episode 6, entitled "Highway of Tears", Nick, Hank, and Wu confront a "Phansigar," a Wesen that worships [[Kali]] with a sacrifice, every 3 years. 
* ''Firingi Thagi'' (2015), a Bengali-language novel by Indian author Himadri Kishor Dashgupta, is a fictionalized rendering of Sir [[William Henry Sleeman]]'s operations against the Thugs.
*''Ebong Inquisition'', a Bengali-language novel series by Indian writer Avik Sarkar, also features events in which the Thuggees are the key participants, with references to Sleeman, Feringhea, Khuda Baksh.
* The strategy game ''[[Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties]]'' features Thuggees and dacoits, both of whom are available to players as hired mercenaries, though they are somewhat inaccurately depicted as using pistols and musket.
* ''Thugs of Ramaghada'' (2022), an Indian Kannada-language film based on band of Thugs who try to rob rich gangsters, directed by Karthik Maralabhavi and starring Ashwin Hassan, Chandan Raj and [[Mahalakshmi (Kannada actress)|Mahalakshmi]]
*In ''[[Highlander: The Series]]'' season 4 episode 9, "The Wrath of Kali", the immortal Kamir is presented as the last of a Thuggee cult who tries to steal a statue of the Hindu goddess Kali and murder the half-Indian professor who acquired it for her university.
* In 2018 there was an episode in [[CID (Indian TV series)|CID]] based on this group